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Surface engineering technology includes three main techniques: surface transformation and modification technology, thin film technology, and coating technology. Surface transformation techniques are as follows: Surface deformation strengthening: shot peening, rolling strengthening, hole extrusion strengthening – to create compressive stress zones on the metal surface and in the subsurface layer. Surface heat flux strengthening: induction heating surface quenching, laser surface quenching, electron beam surface quenching, fluidized bed surface hardening – these methods create new phase transformation zones on the metal surface and in the subsurface layer, thereby forming hardened areas. Ion implantation: Non-metal ion implantation — boron, nitrogen, phosphorus ； Metal ion implantation — chromium, tantalum, silver, lead, tin ； Composite ion implantation – titanium + carbon, chromium + carbon, chromium + molybdenum, chromium + phosphorus. Surface alloying: Surface diffusion of non-metallic elements — carburizing, nitriding, boriding, silicidizing, carbonitriding ； Surface diffusion of metal elements — zinc, tin, beryllium, aluminum, chromium, tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium ； Surface diffusion of composite elements — aluminized chromium, aluminum silicon, aluminum titanium, copper indium, aluminum chromium silicon, tungsten molybdenum boron silicon. Chemical conversion coating: Chemical oxidation – formation of an oxide film on the surfaces of aluminum, magnesium, steel, and copper ； Chromate passivation – forming a passivation film on the surfaces of steel, copper, zinc, cadmium, aluminum, magnesium, and titanium ； Phosphate treatment – forming a phosphating film on the steel surface ； Oxalate treatment – forming an oxalate film on the steel surface ； Coloring treatment – forming colors on the surfaces of steel, copper, stainless steel, titanium, and chromium ； Blackening of steel – the formation of a black oxide film on the surface of steel parts ； Grinding, rolling, polishing – to improve surface integrity and smoothness. Electrochemical conversion: Corrosion-resistant anodization – formation of a corrosion-resistant oxide film on the surfaces of aluminum, magnesium, and titanium ； Bonding anodization – forming an oxide film on aluminum and magnesium surfaces that is easy to bond to ； Porcelain anodization – forming a porcelain-like oxide film on the aluminum surface ； Hard anodizing – forms a highly wear-resistant hard oxide film on the aluminum surface ； Micro-arc plasma anodization – forming ultra-high hardness layers or new types of colored decorative layers on aluminum oxidation ； Advances in anodization — forming various aluminum functional material films on aluminum surfaces. Film technology: Optical films: solar control films, low-emissivity films, laser-protective films, reflective films, anti-reflective films, selectively reflective films, window films. Microelectronic thin films: electrode films, electrical component films, sensor films, superconducting components, microwave acoustic devices, thin-film transistors, integrated circuit substrates, heat sinks or scattering sheets. Optoelectronic thin films: detectors, photosensors, photoconductive camera targets. Integrated optical thin films: optical waveguides, optical switches, optical modulation, optical deflection, thin-film lasers. Information storage films: Magnetic recording – tape, hard disks, floppy disks, magnetic cards, drum drives, etc ； Optical disc storage ； Ferroelectric storage. Protective film: corrosion-resistant, erosion-resistant, resistant to high-temperature oxidation, moisture and heat resistant, high strength and hardness, and decorative. Coating technology: Electrochemical deposition: Corrosion-resistant coating ； Antioxidant coating ； Wear-resistant coating ； Anti-friction and anti-adhesion conductive layer ； decorative coating ； Brush plating, laser plating, pulse plating, etc ； Chemical plating. Organic coatings: General-purpose anti-corrosion coatings – phenolic, polyvinyl chloride, epoxy resins, polyurethanes, anti-corrosion coatings, etc ； Special anti-corrosion coatings – chemical-resistant, acid-resistant, oil-resistant, ammonia-resistant, and highly effective anti-corrosion coatings ； Industrial specialty coatings – specialty coatings for aircraft, ships, cars, trains, bridges, etc ； Special functional coatings: (Electromagnetic functions – insulating coatings, conductive coatings, magnetic coatings ； Electromagnetic wave functions – light-emitting coatings, wave-absorbing coatings, camouflage coatings, etc ； Thermal functions – fire-resistant coatings, heat-resistant coatings, insulation coatings, high-temperature coatings ； Mechanical functions – removable coating, anti-slip coating ； Interface functions – waterproof coating, anti-stick coating, anti-dew coating ； Biological coatings – anti-mold coatings, antibacterial coatings, anti-fouling coatings, etc.). Thermal spray coating: high-temperature oxidation-resistant coating ； Thermal barrier coating ； Wear-resistant coating ； Sealing coating ； Corrosion-resistant coating ； Dimensional recovery coating. Hot-dip coating: Hot-dip metal ； Hot-dip coated binary alloy ； Hot-dip tri-alloy coating. Rust inhibitor: Rust prevention solution ； Rust-proof cutting fluid ； Rust-proof grease ； Vapor-phase rust prevention material ； Strippable plastic.