Steam turbine installation

When installing steam turbines and centrifugal compressors, attention should be paid to the following aspects: 1. Leveling and alignment. 2. Inspection of bearing bushes, seals, etc. 3. Coupling alignment (more important, generally needs to be carried out according to the cold alignment curve) 4. Flushing cycle of lubricating oil and control oil systems (more important) 5. Target purge of steam system 6. Interlock debugging of mechanical, electrical and instrument control

Steam turbine is a heavy machine with high rotation speed, large operating load, high installation precision and high installation quality requirements. I have participated in the installation and acceptance of two 12MW double pumping units. This acceptance is not at the end, but is involved from the beginning of the steam turbine pre-maintenance, pre-assembly, and condenser assembly. It is necessary to focus on the placement of the platen, the bearing seat, the lower cylinder, the installation and adjustment of the through-flow part, and the buckling of the big cover. Find the center. If you participate in installation or acceptance, you must first study carefully * , thoroughly understand the "Steam Turbine Installation Quality Acceptance Standards" and strictly control it. We must not only pay attention to the installation quality, but also do a good job in the factory acceptance of equipment. We found many manufacturing quality problems during the manufacturer's equipment acceptance. If these problems are not discovered in advance, they will affect the installation quality and cause project delays.

Identify the transverse and longitudinal centerlines of the turbine, including its markings. Measure and mark the position of the pad iron according to the drawing, and shovel the foundation for laying the pad iron flat so that the horizontal and vertical horizontality of the steam turbine reaches 0.20mm\M. Use a level to level the inclined iron and adjust it to the required height, keeping the placement surface clean. Install and place the lifting rope, adjust the lifting level, lift the complete steam turbine, and install it on the foundation of the steam turbine. During the installation process, check whether the transverse and longitudinal center lines coincide. Install the anchor bolts, nuts and pads that have been cleaned of anti-rust agent. Connect the anchor bolts and chassis to the foundation. Tighten the nuts directly by hand. Adjust the inclined pads to keep the chassis level. Each inclined iron is in good contact with the chassis. Review the center of the turbine and gear input coupling. After it is accurate and error-free, adjust the alignment of the coupling between the reducer output shaft and the generator rotor, and finally weld the inclined pads firmly. Complete the secondary grouting work of the turbine chassis. Complete other auxiliary installation work.

As the owner, you must carefully review the "Construction and Installation Plan", "Large Equipment Hoisting Plan" and "Construction Safety Plan". You are Party B, carefully read the equipment instructions and construction drawings as well as relevant installation acceptance standards (national standards, former Ministry of Chemical Industry standards, Sinopec standards), prepare a construction plan, wait for Party A's review, and the construction work will be carried out in accordance with the "Plan"

It is necessary to follow the plan, but special attention must be paid to the leveling and alignment of the machine, including stress-free alignment of the pipeline, oil pipeline flushing, steam pipeline target shooting, and the most important thing should be the control chain test, especially the various tests of the control oil system. The installation must strengthen process control. The author has installed two industrial steam turbines of more than 20 MW. Although the construction unit is very diligent, it must have its own operators and maintenance personnel to keep up with it at critical times. First, they must be familiar with the machine, and more importantly, they must grasp every detail of the installation, including whether a gasket is added correctly and whether every dead corner is cleaned. This must be implemented by the person. Only by doing the work carefully can the start-up be successful!

1. Purpose and scope of application: To standardize the installation and construction procedures of moving equipment, guide the installation and construction of moving equipment, and ensure the construction quality of the installation. The descriptions in this guide only apply to construction procedures and installation quality control during the installation and construction stages of various types of moving equipment. 2. Cited standards and preparation basis "General Specifications for Construction and Acceptance of Mechanical Equipment Installation Projects" GB50231-98 "Construction and Acceptance Specifications for Compressor, Fan, and Pump Installation Projects" GB50275-98 3. Definition: 3.1 Moving equipment: Also called machines, this article mainly refers to rotating equipment such as compressors, fans, and pumps. 3.2 Equipment trial operation: All types of machines are tested in stand-alone mode with air or water at normal temperature. 4. Work content and operating procedures 5. Operating procedures and technical requirements 5.1 Technical preparation (fill in the "Construction Technology Information Card"): 5.1.1 Plan review: Be familiar with drawings and relevant information, master equipment technical parameters and installation technical requirements, and understand equipment installation environmental conditions ； 5.1.2 Prepare construction technical plan: According to the construction procedures, prepare construction technical plans for large equipment and equipment with certain construction difficulties, and determine construction technical measures and construction methods. ； 5.1.3 Technical briefing: Technical explanations must be given to all personnel participating in the installation to familiarize them with the construction plan and ensure the safety of the installation and construction. 5.2 Construction preparation 5.2.1 Preparation of work, machinery and materials: According to the construction drawings and construction technical plans, prepare various tools, machines and materials for installation, including transportation, hoisting, lifting equipment, installation machines and construction materials, etc. ； 5.2.2 Organizational preparation: In addition to personnel preparation, the construction organization should also check whether the equipment transportation route and construction site meet the equipment installation conditions according to the construction plan before installation. 5.3 Basic acceptance processing (fill in the "Basic Inspection and Acceptance Form SPI-JX-02") 5.3.1 Basic information: The foundation acceptance data provided by the foundation construction unit should comply with the specifications and design drawing requirements, and the basic data should be complete ； 5.3.2 Check the quality of foundation construction: Check a, position and elevation according to the installation baseline: Comply with the equipment installation construction drawings, the vertical and horizontal axis position tolerance is ±20mm, and the different plane elevation tolerances are +0, -20mm ； b. Overall dimensions: Plane dimension tolerance ±20mm ； c. Level/verticality: The tolerance is 5mm per meter, and the tolerance for the total length (full height) is 10mm ； d. Reserved holes for anchor bolts: Center position tolerance ±10mm, depth tolerance +20mm, -0mm ； e. Embedded anchor bolts: Top elevation tolerance ±10mm, center distance tolerance ±2mm ； f. Appearance quality: There are no defects such as cracks, honeycombs and exposed ribs in appearance. 5.4 Equipment unpacking and acceptance (fill in the "Equipment Inspection Record SPI-JX-01") 5.4.1 Before the equipment is put in place, the engineer in charge of the construction unit should work with the owner and supervision unit to unpack and accept the installed equipment.: a. Technical documents and information: The product factory certificate, installation instructions, quality guarantee certificate, assembly drawings and other technical documents and information are complete and meet the design requirements. ； b. Equipment acceptance: The name, specification, model and quantity of the equipment and spare parts meet the design requirements and are consistent with the packing list ； All interface plugs should be intact ； Appearance inspection shows no damage, deformation, rust, etc., and the quality is qualified ； c. Machines that have been assembled and adjusted well before leaving the factory must not be disassembled without permission. 5.4.2 Handover: After the equipment has passed the acceptance inspection, handover procedures should be completed. 5.4.3 Equipment storage: The equipment should be properly stored after unpacking to prevent parts from being lost, damaged, corroded, etc. 5.5 The equipment is in place and initially leveled (fill in the "Equipment Installation Pad Hidden Record SPI-JX-05") 5.5.1 Pay out the wires: Before the equipment is hoisted into place, the installation baseline shall be demarcated according to the axis and elevation baseline given by the construction drawings and civil engineering. 5.5.2 Cleanup: Clean and check that there is no debris in the anchor bolt holes. 5.5.3 Basic processing: Repair the foundation surface. If the foundation requires secondary grouting, the pitted surface needs to be shoveled out. ； The place where the pad iron rests should be leveled ； There should be no oil dirt or loose layer on the foundation surface. 5.5.4 Anchor bolts: a. The length should meet the requirements, generally L≥15 ~ 20×bolt diameter ； b. The anchor bolts should be vertical in the reserved holes without tilt. ； The distance from the hole wall should be greater than 15mm ； The polished rod part is free of oil and rust ； Adjust the reserved height of the anchor bolt until 1.5-3 buckles of the nut are exposed after tightening. 5.5.5 Horn: a. Pad irons are placed on both sides of the anchor bolts. Inclined pad irons should be used in pairs. The overlapping length should not be less than 3/4 of the total length and the depth should exceed the anchor bolts. ； b. The distance between adjacent pads generally does not exceed 500mm. ； The number of pad iron layers should be ≤5, and thin pad iron should be used sparingly. c. The surface of the pad iron is smooth and free of oxide scale, flash, etc. ； d. Check that the contact surface between the pad iron and the foundation should be greater than 70%. 5.5.6 After the equipment is hoisted in place, the plane position of the reference center line of the inspection equipment (unit) should coincide with the ink line on the foundation. The allowable deviation is ±10mm, and the allowable deviation of the elevation is +20mm, -10mm. 5.6 Primary grouting (anchor bolt grouting) 5.6.1 After the equipment is in place and initially leveled as required, grouting of the anchor bolts can be carried out. a. During grouting, attention should be paid to maintaining the verticality of the anchor bolts, and adjusting the bolts to expose the nuts 1.5-3 buckles after tightening. ； b. The mortar grade is higher than the base concrete grade and should be compacted when pouring. ； One piece of equipment shall not be watered in batches. 5.7 Equipment leveling and alignment (fill in the "Machine Installation Record SPI-JX -14") 5.7.1 After the anchor bolts are grouted, the equipment can be leveled and aligned if their health strength reaches more than 75%. 5.7.2 Equipment leveling and alignment: Adjust and measure according to the installation baseline on the foundation and the reference measuring points on the equipment. The allowable deviation should comply with the requirements in the attached table. 5.7.3 After the equipment is leveled and qualified, tighten the anchor bolts. The tightening force should be even and symmetrical. 5.7.4 Use a 0.25~0.5Kg hand hammer to check that the pad iron group is not loose. Use a 0.05mm feeler gauge to check between layers. The sum of the insertion on both sides shall not exceed 1/4 of the side length of the pad iron. 5.7.5 Spot weld the pads to each other. 5.7.6 Apply grease to the threaded part to protect it. Schedule: Equipment alignment and leveling allowable deviation (mm) Inspection item benchmark allowable deviation (mm) Remarks Center line position Basic center line ± 5 The unit should use the same benchmark center line elevation Basic elevation ± 3 Horizontal machine horizontal measuring point horizontal 0.10/1000 Select horizontal measuring point vertical 0.02~0.05/1000 according to different types of machines 5.8 Secondary grouting (basic plastering) 5.8.1 After the equipment is leveled and aligned, it will be inspected together with the owner and supervisor. After the pad iron concealment project records are complete, secondary grouting can be carried out. 5.8.2 Before secondary grouting, the oil dirt and debris on the foundation surface should be removed and fully moistened. 5.8.2 The mortar grade of secondary grouting should meet the design requirements and should generally be one level higher than the concrete strength of the foundation and floor. 5.8.3 When grouting, the space between the equipment base and the foundation must be filled. 5.9 Disassembly inspection (fill in the "Machine Disassembly, Inspection and Assembly Clearance Record SPI-JX-16") 5.9.1 For the machine that leaves the factory as a whole, the oil seal parts need to be disassembled and cleaned to prevent the oil seal medium from blocking the gas and oil circuits. 5.9.2 Machines that have been disassembled and shipped from the factory should be assembled and installed according to the * * The current standards and technical documents related to the machine are required to be implemented, and a highly targeted construction technical plan will be prepared, which will not be described in this article. 5.10 Assembly connection (fill in "Machine Coupling Alignment Record SPI-JX-15") 5.10.1 Rotating equipment and driving equipment (motor) are generally connected through couplings. When connecting and aligning, the distance, radial displacement and axis inclination between the two half couplings are mainly controlled. Schedule: Allowable deviation of coupling alignment (mm) Allowable deviation of inspection items (mm) Remarks End clearance 2 to 4 Comply with the provisions of the machine's technical documents Radial displacement ≤ 0.05 Axis tilt ≤ 0.2/1000 5.10.2 Pipes and machines should not be forcibly connected. Appropriate control measures should be used when connecting. After the pipeline is connected to the equipment interface, the original alignment accuracy of the equipment should be rechecked. If there is any discrepancy, the pipeline should be adjusted. 5.10.3 The pipeline installation of auxiliary equipment of rotating equipment and hydraulic, pneumatic and lubrication systems should comply with relevant standards and technical documents and technical requirements. The key is to check the cleanliness of each system to ensure the operation quality of the machine. 5.11 Stand-alone trial operation (fill in the "Mechanical Equipment Stand-alone Trial Operation Record (1) SPI-JX -17" and "Mechanical Equipment Stand-alone Trial Operation Record (2) SPI-JX -18") 5.11.1 The equipment (machine) stand-alone trial operation should be completed after all the construction of its related ancillary equipment, pipelines, etc., has passed the system inspection, and the construction records and information are complete. 5.11.2 Equipment trial operation should include the following contents and steps: a. The electrical (instrument) control system and instruments are debugged and normal ； b. Inspection, debugging and passing of lubrication, cooling, hydraulic and pneumatic (steam) systems ； c. Stand-alone trial operation of the machine (unit). 5.11.3 The machine should be tested without load first (pumps should be tested with electric motors). Only after there are no abnormalities in the no-load test run can the machine be tested with load. 5.11.4 During trial operation, check: a. The vibration of the bearings of the device and the motor and the movement of the shaft must not exceed the specifications in the technical documents. ； b. The temperature rise of the bearings of the machine and motor should not exceed 40°C, and the maximum temperature should not exceed 80°C.℃ ； c. The maximum oil temperature in the fuel tank shall not exceed 60℃ ； d. All auxiliary systems are working normally and there is no leakage. ； e. Various instruments are working normally. 5.11.5 After the trial operation, the following work should be done immediately: a. Cut off the power supply and other power sources ； b. Carry out necessary ventilation, drainage, sewage discharge, etc. ； c. Check the fastening parts, there must be no looseness ； d. Dismantle the temporary installations during trial operation and restore them as required ； e. Clean the site and organize various records of trial operation. 5.12 Cooperate with the owner (general contractor) in the joint commissioning to carry out various coordination work in the joint commissioning according to the joint commissioning plan to further check the quality of equipment installation. 5.13 Construction inspection records Construction inspection records should be carried out simultaneously with the construction to avoid the phenomenon of writing memoirs. The sample form attached to this article is for reference only. 6. Schedule: 6.1 Construction technology disclosure card 6.2 Basic inspection and acceptance form SPI-JX-02 6.3 Equipment inspection record SPI-JX -01 6.4 Equipment installation pad hidden record SPI-JX -05 6.5 Machine installation record SPI-JX -14 6.6 Machine coupling alignment record SPI-JX –15 6.7 Machine disassembly, inspection and assembly clearance record SPI-JX-16 6.8 Mechanical equipment stand-alone trial operation record (1) SPI-JX -17 6.9 Mechanical equipment stand-alone trial operation record (2) SPI-JX –18 6.10 * * Relevant special records required 6.11 Relevant records required by the owner

Can you send some information to my email address on the 7th floor? Thank you very much houguox. .8888@yahoo.com.cn

hehe, learn* Thank you to the author for sharing: victory:

hehe, learn* Thank you to the author for sharing: victory: