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I’m not trained in electrical measuring instruments, but this year the company suddenly placed the team responsible for such instruments under my supervision. I would appreciate it if experienced colleagues could advise me on how to manage these technicians properly, what aspects should be included in daily inspections, and if there are any ready-made forms that I can use as a reference. Thank you very much.
Inspections include: the distribution room (high and low voltage cabinets, DCS cabinets, UPS units, DC panels, excitation systems, etc.), the operating conditions of motors on site (vibration, noise, heating, etc.), on-site lighting, frequency converters, transformers (temperature, gas levels), etc. It’s possible to create a table for this purpose, and it’s not very complicated.
I’m not aware of the nature of your company’s operations; moreover, it would be possible to check the electrical safety regulations
I recommend that you download the \"Standardized Production and Maintenance Management Series\" first – it contains everything you need!
Safety management system for on-duty electricians: 1. The electrician team leader and the shift supervisor have the right to supervise and inspect the safety practices of on-duty electricians; any unsafe behavior must be stopped promptly to prevent safety accidents from occurring; 2. Before starting work, the shift supervisor and the on-duty electrician shall inspect the public safety protection equipment to be used as well as their own personal protective equipment. Any potential hazards identified must be reported promptly so that they can be addressed or replaced. If minor injuries occur due to inadequate inspection, the shift supervisor and the individual involved will be punished in accordance with the provisions of the Employee Handbook. In the event of injury incidents that require reporting, the company’s Safety and Environmental Protection Department will handle them in line with the company’s relevant regulations ; 3. The on-duty electrician must strictly adhere to the company’s safety regulations while at work, wearing all necessary personal protective equipment as well as the protective gear provided by the company ; 4. When entering the work site to carry out tasks, the duty electrician must conduct a thorough inspection of the surrounding environment. Any potential safety hazards or factors that could affect electrical work must be reported to the relevant supervisors promptly for handling; work must not be carried out in areas with safety hazards ; 5. When working at a height of more than 2 meters above the working surface, the duty electrician must wear a safety belt, and the safety rope must be attached to secure fixtures; it is not allowed to be attached to temporary components or loose fixtures ; 6. The duty electrician must refrain from performing work on live electrical equipment at the maintenance site, unless under special circumstances. It is necessary to shut down the faulty electrical equipment and verify that there is no electricity present before proceeding with its maintenance or the inspection or replacement of its electrical components, in order to avoid electric shock accidents that could cause injury to people or damage to the electrical equipment. In case of special circumstances where work cannot be carried out with power shut off, two people must be present at the site during such work: one to carry out the tasks and another to supervise. The supervisor must be careful and attentive, constantly reminding the worker to proceed carefully. The supervisor shall not leave the work site until the worker has finished his task. The supervisor for the duty shift is usually the shift leader. If an accident occurs or injuries result due to the supervisor’s negligence, the shift leader will be punished according to the severity of the incident. In cases of serious accidents or injuries, the shift leader may be reassigned or the matter reported to the company’s corporate management department. For safety incidents that require reporting to the company, the company’s safety and environmental protection department will handle them in accordance with relevant regulations ; 7. The duty personnel shall strengthen the management of fire prevention, theft prevention, and fire-fighting equipment. During their shifts, they must conduct regular inspections of the electrical rooms and the small storage areas belonging to the electricians, in order to prevent fires and thefts as well as the loss of fire-fighting equipment. In the event that any items are lost or stolen during a shift, the relevant duty personnel shall be punished based on the value of those items; those who are found to be highly responsible for such incidents will be referred to the company for further action ; 8. During their shift, electricians must strictly adhere to the signing procedure for shutting down and restarting power supply; this rule must not be violated. In case of an emergency, it is necessary to record in the shift log the person who gave the notification, the method of communication used, and the time of the incident. A supplementary signature shall be made after the fault has been resolved. The equipment locations and times for power shutdown and restoration must be recorded clearly and accurately. If the duty personnel fail to follow these regulations in their work, they shall bear full responsibility for any consequences that arise ; Electrician inspection and equipment management system: 1. During working hours each day, the electrician supervisor shall conduct a round inspection of all operating high-voltage equipment and keep separate records thereof ; 2. For each shift, a thorough and careful inspection of all electrical equipment in the branch plant must be carried out. The main equipment, as well as the fan motors of the grate coolers, 2 x 200KW exhaust fans, and 132KW motors (including those in the air compressor room), as well as the models 52.01, 52.12, 41.03, 84.18, 84.19, 84.20, 84.21, 84.30, 84.31, 84.36, and 84.37, require two inspections each. Detailed records must be kept. If any failures to conduct inspections or non-compliance with the prescribed inspection procedures are detected, a fine of 50 yuan will be imposed on the shift supervisor, and a fine of 30 yuan per person will be imposed on the crew members. Inspections shall be carried out in accordance with the established \"Electrical Equipment Inspection Procedures\" ; 3. When inspecting the equipment, the on-duty electrician shall make detailed records in the duty log of any potential hazards or issues that cannot be resolved immediately, and inform the shift leader or management. Those who fail to address issues discovered during inspections in a timely manner, thereby causing equipment shutdowns, will be fined 50 yuan each; in cases of significant losses, the provisions of the Employee Handbook shall apply ; 4. The on-duty electrician is responsible for inspecting the four transformers on Mondays and Thursdays each week, cleaning the floor of the transformer room, and keeping records of the oil temperature, any oil leakage from the transformers, overheating of the wiring terminals, etc. If a failure to carry out such inspections is detected, the on-duty supervisor will be fined 50 yuan for each instance; if such failures occur twice, the supervisor will be removed from their position ; 5. The electrical room under the responsibility of the duty shift must be kept clean; it is necessary to clean it regularly so that the floor is free of dust and debris, and the windows are clean with no dust on them. Any gaps in the doors and windows of the electrical room should be sealed up. If any of these issues are detected, a fine of 50 yuan will be imposed on the shift leader. If the cleanliness of the electrical room is not improved despite such supervision, the shift leader will be removed from their position ; 6. The duty electrician shall manage the electrical room for dust collection at the kiln head (i.e., the small storage area) in accordance with the previous regulations; items inside the room must be arranged neatly and stored in categories. Those who fail to fulfill their responsibilities will be subject to the same penalties as specified in 4.4 ; 7. During routine maintenance, the duty electrician must keep records of the electrical components that are replaced. The replaced parts should be stored together, and they must not be used for other purposes without permission ; 8. After the electrician has finished fixing faults on site or completed his work at the maintenance location during maintenance periods, he must keep the area clean. Used materials and other items should be cleaned up promptly, while discarded items should be placed in trash bins or stored in designated areas ; 9. In the event of a sudden shutdown of equipment in operation on site, it is not allowed to restore power supply blindly without identifying the cause. If damage to the motors and electrical components occurs due to errors on the part of the electrician, appropriate financial penalties shall be imposed on that person ; 10. The duty personnel must keep detailed records of the faults that occur and are resolved during their shift, including: the location where the fault was addressed, the reasons for replacing electrical components, the results of the repairs, as well as the times when the fault occurred and when it was resolved. The records should be detailed, written in clear handwriting, and easy to understand ; 11. When a duty electrician lends out items from the electrician’s team during their shift, they must obtain approval from the supervisor and make a record of it in the shift log. If the equipment or tools are damaged as a result of such unauthorized lending, the person who lent them out shall bear the responsibility for compensation ; 12. The cleanliness of the electrician’s duty room must be maintained; all other items should be stored neatly, and waste materials must be placed in designated areas. Flammable and explosive items also need to be stored in specified locations. There should be no clutter inside the room. The electricians’ personal belongings should be kept in their own toolboxes and not piled up inside the room. The cleaning of the windows in the electrician’s area is the responsibility of the team responsible for cleaning the smaller storage areas that month. During maintenance work, the room must be cleaned regularly, and waste materials should be removed promptly ; 13. Upon receiving an accident report, action must be swift and the objectives clear; if anything is unclear, contact the reporter promptly. Do not attempt to address the issue blindly without knowing the exact location of the fault.
A few suggestions: 1. The electrical and instrumentation field is highly specialized; it is crucial to strengthen standardized operations, especially those related to safe working practices. 2. Strictly control maintenance activities; the personnel performing these tasks possess some experience, and they tend to rely on their personal habits when working. However, their skill levels vary, so it is important to carefully select those in charge of the work – there must always be a person responsible for each task. 3. Strengthen the management of technical documents and records, and maintain complete archives.
Take a look to see if this will be useful to you: Electrical Safety Checklist. Instructions: 1) Electrical systems pose a risk of electric leakage and electric shock. Therefore, the various measures taken to protect operators from electric shock must be effective and reliable, and must be applied in all aspects of the electrical system. Secondly, it is necessary to strictly adhere to electrical operation procedures as well as the supervision systems for maintenance work. 2) In the event of an electric shock, the power supply must be cut off immediately, and artificial resuscitation must be carried out promptly and correctly. 1. Equipment inspection 1.1 Layout of the substation, building structure, and related facilities: 1.1.1 Substations should be avoided in locations where there is a risk of fire, explosion, air pollution, or severe vibrations ; 1.1.2 Substations are generally built with brick structures and have cement floors. The ground should be 150–300 mm higher than the surrounding ground to prevent water accumulation ; 1.1.3 The doors of the substation rooms should open outward, and should be made of lightweight iron doors or wooden doors covered with iron sheeting ; 1.1.4 Cable trenches, cable tunnels, etc., that are connected to substation areas shall have measures in place to prevent rainwater and groundwater from seeping in as well as to keep small animals out, and the covers for these cable trenches shall be made of non-flammable materials ; 1.1.5 Around the transformers in outdoor substations, the height of the fixed fences is 1.7 m or greater. There should be a distance of 0.3 m or more between the bottom of the transformer and the ground. When two transformers are installed, the distance between them must be 1.5 m or more ; 1.1.6 High-voltage distribution installations can be installed separately; when there are fewer than 4 high-voltage switchgear units, the high-voltage and low-voltage distribution installations can be placed in the same room. When arranged in a single row, the distance between the two should be 2m or more ; 1.1.7 The transformer room should be well-ventilated; the ventilation openings should be fitted with cement or metal louvering, and metal screens with a mesh size of 10 mm or less should be installed on the inside to ensure safe operation in all seasons ; 1.1.8 The doors of the transformer room shall be locked, and warning signs stating “High Voltage – Danger” as well as safety color markings shall be installed ; 1.1.9 Minimum clearance width for indoor distribution panels: 1.5 m for the operating passage in a single row, and 0.8 m for the maintenance passage ; The operating passage for dual arrangements is 2m, while the maintenance passage is 1m ; 1.1.10 The height of the barriers around power transformation and distribution equipment should be no less than 1.7m. 1.2 Electrical equipment: 1.2.1 Transformers 1.2.1.1 The transformer casing shall have no oil seepage or leakage, and it shall be reliably grounded together with the core. 1.2.1.2 The operation of the transformer should be stopped when any of the following conditions are detected: 1) Abnormal noises such as uneven sounds or explosion-like noises ; 2) When the oil level is below the lower limit of the oil gauge and continues to drop due to leakage ; 3) When the explosion-proof tube or oil pillow leaks oil ; 4) Excessively high temperature under normal conditions, with a continuous rise ; 5) The oil color is too dark, and carbonaceous substances are present in the oil ; 6) The sleeve shows discharge or severe cracks. 1.2.2 Oil switches and isolating switches 1.2.2.1 The oil level of the oil switch should be between the upper and lower limits ; Oil color is normal, with no leaks ; The exhaust pipe should be in good condition ; 1.2.2.2 The oil switch operates flexibly, with accuracy and reliability, and the mechanical indication for closing is correct ; 1.2.2.3 For the oil switch after a fault-induced trip, it is necessary to check whether the bushing is fractured, whether the leads are burned, and whether the oil tank is deformed ; 1.2.2.4 The operating mechanisms of oil switches and isolating switches shall be equipped with reliable interlocking devices to ensure that the oil switch can be closed only after the isolating switch has been closed first ; When turning off the power, the oil switch must be turned off first before the isolating switch can be turned off ; 1.2.2.5 The insulator porcelain bottles and connecting rods of the disconnector shall be free of cracks, discharge marks, and the pins shall not be loose. 1.2.3 Load switches and fuses 1.2.3.1 Load switches should be used only to disconnect and connect normal circuits, and their arc-suppression devices must be in good condition. During closing, the contacts should move in unison, with the difference between successive phases not exceeding 3 mm ; 1.2.3.2 The load switch operating mechanism shall be flexible and reliable ; 1.2.3.3 After a drop-type fuse is disconnected, the vertical distance between its live parts and the ground should be at least 4.5 m in outdoor areas, and at least 3 m in indoor areas ; 1.2.3.4 Drop-out fuses should be installed at an angle, with a deviation of 15° to 30° from the vertical line ; 1.2.3.5 Drop protection cannot be used in areas with risks of explosion, fire, and severe vibration ; 1.2.3.6 All components of the switches shall be intact, the operating mechanisms shall be safe and reliable, and there shall be markings indicating the rated voltage, current values, and the open/closed positions. 1.2.4 Transformers 1.2.4.1 Voltage transformers are equipped with fuses for protection on both the primary and secondary sides (an automatic switch can be used on the secondary side); after the primary side switch is disconnected, measures should be in place in the secondary circuit to prevent voltage feedback ; 1.2.4.2 If a voltage transformer exhibits abnormal conditions such as noise, discharge sounds, smoke, or unpleasant odors inside it, the power supply must be cut off to address the issue; the faulty circuit should not be disconnected using a disconnect switch, rather the oil circuit breaker at the higher level must be turned off ; 1.2.4.3 The cross-sectional area of the wires in the secondary circuit of the current transformer is 2.5 mm²; there are no intermediate joints, the connections are reliable, and no switches or fuses shall be installed. 1.2.5 Power capacitors 1.2.5.1 Capacitors shall not be installed in areas with high temperatures, dust, humidity, or explosive, flammable, and corrosive gases ; 1.2.5.2 When the capacitor enclosure shows severe oil leakage, bulging, serious discharge from the porcelain bushing, sparking noises, or severe overheating, it should be taken out of service immediately ; 1.2.5.3 The capacitor room should have temperature specifications; the room temperature must not exceed 40°C, otherwise mechanical ventilation should be installed. The capacitor housing temperature shall not exceed 60℃ ; 1.2.5.4 For capacitor banks in operation, the three-phase currents should remain balanced, and the current imbalance between phases should not exceed 5% ; 1.2.5.5 Capacitor banks shall be equipped with under-voltage protection, enabling them to be automatically disconnected from the power grid when the bus voltage drops to about 60% of the set value ; 1.2.5.6 For capacitors installed outdoors on the ground, the lower part of these capacitors should be at a distance of 0.4 m or more from the ground. The ground surface must have moisture-proof measures in place, and a mesh fence with gaps no larger than 20×20 mm should be installed around them, with a height of 1.7 m or more. The capacitor room should be well-ventilated, and the air intake windows should be fitted with steel mesh having a mesh size of no more than 10×10 mm ; 1.2.5.7 Capacitors shall have reliable short-circuit holding devices and overload protection devices ; 1.2.5.8 Capacitor banks shall be equipped with a discharge circuit. Closing with charge is prohibited. After the capacitor stops operating, it must be discharged for at least 3 minutes before it can be closed again. 1.2.6 Cables 1.2.6.1 Minimum allowable distances between cables and the ground as well as buildings: 1) Burial depth of directly buried cables (from the ground surface to the cable’s outer cover) ; 0.7m for 1~35kV ; 2) The cable sheath is 0.6m above the underground foundation of the building. 1.2.6.2 Minimum clear distance when cables are in close proximity: 1) 0.1 m for cables below 10 kV, and not less than 0.25 m for cables between 10 and 35 kV ; 2) The distance between cables used in different departments, including communication cables, is 0.5m. 12.6.3 Minimum allowable distance between cables and underground pipelines for approach and crossing ; 1) The clear distance between the cable and thermal pipelines is 2 m when they are close to each other, and 0.5 m when they intersect ; 2) The clear distance between the cable and other pipelines when they are close to or intersecting is 0.5 m. 1.2.6.4 The clear distance between intersecting cables is 0.5 m ; 1.2.6.5 The excavated cables shall be suspended with wooden planks as a lining, and the distance between the suspension points shall not exceed 1.5 m. Cables must not be suspended directly with wire and rope without a support plate ; 1.2.6.6 The metal outer sheaths of armored cables or cables with lead or aluminum wrapping shall be reliably grounded at both ends, and the grounding resistance shall not exceed 10 ohms ; 1.2.6.7 The sections of cables that pass through road surfaces and buildings, as well as those that extend below a height of 2 meters above the ground, must be enclosed in protective tubes; the inner diameter of such tubes should be no less than 1.5 times the outer diameter of the cables ; 1.2.6.8 Markers indicating the direction of the cables should be installed on the ground where they are laid, to facilitate operation and maintenance. 1.2.7 Lighting fixtures and portable electrical appliances 1.2.7.1 The insulation resistance of all portable electrical appliances shall not be less than 2 MΩ, and the wires and plugs shall be intact. The wiring must be made of tough rubber wire or flexible wire with plastic insulation, with three wires for single-phase appliances and four wires for three-phase appliances; the cross-sectional area should be at least 0.5 mm2. The wiring must not have any joints and should not be too long, generally not exceeding 5 meters ; 1.2.7.2 All portable electrical tools should be equipped with leakage protection devices whose leakage operating current is 30mA or less and whose operating time is 0.1s or less ; 1.2.7.3 Low-voltage wiring installations of 36V or less should be neat and organized, and all sockets must be dedicated sockets ; 1.2.7.4 All lighting fixtures, switches, and plugs must meet the requirements of the surrounding environment; in areas with high humidity, corrosive vapors and gases, locations where flammable and explosive substances are present, as well as outdoors, appropriate lighting fixtures and switches that provide protection against moisture, explosions, and rain should be used accordingly ; 1.2.7.5 The height of 220V lamp holders above the ground shall comply with the following requirements: 1) In humid, hazardous areas and outdoors, it shall be no less than 2.5 m ; 2) Production workshops, offices, etc. should generally be at least 2m in height ; 3) When it must be lowered, it should not go below 1m; however, the lamp cord from the lamp base to a height of 2m above the ground must be fitted with insulating sleeves, and protective measures must be taken for the lamp. 1.2.7.6 Switches and sockets should be installed at a height of not less than 1.3 m above the ground. The socket can also be installed low, but it should not be lower than 15 mm from the ground ; 1.2.7.7 The operating voltage for local lighting and portable hand lamps shall be a suitable safe voltage selected according to their operating environment. The lighting fixtures on machine tools or workbenches should use a low voltage of 36V or less ; The voltage of the lighting fixtures inside boilers, evaporators, and other metal containers must not exceed 12V. The insulation strength of the wires and electrical fixtures for low-voltage lamps shall be no less than 250V AC ; 1.2.7.8 The sockets or switches shall be intact and undamaged, firmly installed; their housings or covers shall be in good condition, they shall operate smoothly, and the connections shall be reliable ; 1.2.7.9 Outdoor lighting fixtures and switches should be of rainproof type, and their installation must be firm and reliable ; 1.2.7.10 Do not pull or connect temporary wires and lights randomly. Temporary line applications must be submitted as required by production needs; regular inspections should be carried out, and the lines must be removed upon expiration ; 1.2.7.11 Temporary wires are well-insulated rubber wires, installed suspended or along walls. During installation, the height above the ground indoors must be no less than 2.5 m, and outdoors it must be no less than 3.5 m. The distance between temporary wires and equipment, water pipes, hot water pipes, doors, and windows should be at least 0.3 m; at intersections with roads, this distance should be no less than 6 m. 1.3 Overhead lines and indoor/outdoor wiring 1.3.1 The cross-sectional area of the conductors must meet the requirements for mechanical strength. The spacing between wires and the distance from surrounding facilities, as well as the height above the ground when they pass overhead, must comply with relevant regulations ; 1.3.2 Overhead lines must not cross the roofs of flammable buildings ; 1.3.3 The tension cable should be installed at the point of force application in the opposite direction to the direction in which the conductor is laid, or at the point where the combined forces resulting from uneven tension act. The direction of the pull cable should be aligned with that of the line. The angle cable should be aligned with the angle bisector of the line. The wind-resistant tie rod is perpendicular to the line ; 1.3.4 The angle between the electric pole and the guy wire shall be no less than 45°; in cases where environmental constraints apply, it shall be no less than 30° ; 1.3.5 When different lines share the same pole, the low-voltage line shall be located below the high-voltage line, and the distance between the two ends of a 10KV straight pole shall be no less than 1m. The communication and broadcasting lines are located below the low-voltage lines. The spacing between them shall be no less than 1.5m. Low-voltage lines are arranged in multiple layers; the distance between layers of straight poles shall be no less than 0.6 m, the distance between adjacent conductors shall be no less than 0.4 m, and the distance at branches or corners shall be no less than 0.3 m ; 1.3.6 In a three-phase four-wire power supply system, the cross-sectional area of the neutral wire shall be no less than half of that of the phase wires in the circuit. It shall be not less than the minimum allowable cross-sectional area; in single-phase systems, the cross-sectional area of the neutral wire is the same as that of the phase wires ; 1.3.7 Wires of different voltages and frequencies shall not be inserted into the same metal tube. (The voltage of all circuits on the same device and in the same unit is below 66V, except for three-phase four-wire lighting circuits) ; 1.3.8 When wiring metal pipes, the inside of the pipes and their openings must be smooth and free of protrusions, and they must be reliably connected to ground ; 1.3.9 The wires of indoor and outdoor exposed wiring installations shall be protected by porcelain tubes, steel tubes, or plastic when passing through walls. Protect it with steel pipes or rigid plastic pipes when passing through floor slabs. Plastic pipes leading outside should be used one per line. When the two circuits intersect, an insulating tube should be placed over the conductors of one of the circuits that are close to the installation surface. 1.4 Lightning Protection and Grounding 1.4.1 Low-voltage lines, communication lines, and broadcasting lines are strictly prohibited from being installed on buildings equipped with lightning rods ; 1.4.2 The installation of lightning rods shall meet the requirements for mechanical strength and corrosion resistance. Lightning rods should be made of steel pipes with a diameter of not less than 25 mm and a wall thickness of not less than 2.75 mm, or round steel bars with a diameter of not less than 20 mm, and they should be galvanized ; 1.4.3 The wiring for lightning rods shall use galvanized stranded wire with a cross-sectional area of 35 mm2 or more ; 1.4.4 Lightning protection strips or nets should preferably be made of galvanized steel. The minimum diameter of round steel is 8 mm; the thickness of flat steel should be no less than 4 mm, with a cross-sectional area of no less than 60 mm2 ; 1.4.5 Valve-type arresters should be installed vertically, with good sealing; there should be no cracks in the porcelain seals or at the joints, and no abnormal noises should be heard when gently shaking them. If the grounding wire is made of copper, its cross-sectional area should be 16 mm2 or greater ; If it is an aluminum wire, it should be 25 mm2 or greater ; 1.4.6 Lightning protection systems should be regularly inspected and subjected to preventive tests; lightning receptors and downconductors that are corroded by more than 30% should be replaced ; 1.4.7 Grounding protection shall be employed in three-phase three-wire supply systems with a neutral point that is not directly grounded ; 1.4.8 In three-phase four-wire supply systems with the neutral point grounded, neutral grounding protection shall be employed; the transformer’s neutral point shall be grounded for operation, and repeated grounding shall be provided every kilometer along the overhead branch lines and main lines as well as at the endpoints ; 1.4.9 In low-voltage power supply systems with neutral grounding protection, repeated grounding shall be provided at the distribution cabinets where cables and overhead lines enter. Fuses and switches shall not be installed on the neutral wire ; 1.4.10 In the same low-voltage power supply system, the enclosures of some equipment should not be connected to neutral while those of other equipment should be protected by grounding ; 1.4.11 For all electrical equipment and electrical installations that may have hazardous voltages due to insulation failure, their metal enclosures and frames must be reliably grounded, with the grounding resistance R being less than or equal to 4Ω ; 1.4.12 The grounding electrode shall be galvanized, and its cross-sectional area shall meet the following requirements: ① Minimum cross-sectional area for lightning protection grounding electrodes: round steel with a diameter of 10 mm ; Angle steel 50×50×5mm ; The flat steel is 4 mm thick with a cross-sectional area of 100 mm2 ; The steel pipe has a thickness of 3.5 mm and a diameter of 50 mm. ② The minimum cross-sectional area for a general grounding electrode is: 8 mm in diameter for round steel. Angle steel thickness: 4mm ; The flat steel is 4mm thick. Cross-sectional area 48mm2 ; The thickness of the steel pipe is 3.5 mm². ③ The minimum cross-sectional area of the grounding main wire in a general grounding system: diameter of the round steel bar is 6 mm ; Angle steel thickness: 3mm ; Flat steel cross-section: 24mm2 ; 1.4.13 The grounding resistance of various grounding devices shall comply with the following requirements: ① In systems with high grounding short-circuit currents: R≤2000/I; when I>400A, R≤0.5Ω. ② In systems with low grounding short-circuit currents: when high-voltage and low-voltage equipment are used together, R≤120/I, with a value generally not exceeding 10Ω; when only high-voltage equipment is used, R≤250/I, with a value generally not exceeding 10Ω. ③ In low-voltage power systems: when the total capacity of the electrical equipment operating in parallel is 100 kV or more, R≤4Ω ; If it is 100 kVA or less, repeat the test; the ground resistance R should be ≤10 Ω. 2. Behavioral safety 2.1 Equipment inspections must not be carried out alone; inspections are only permitted outside the barriers surrounding high-voltage equipment. It is also not allowed to walk under the high voltage of the transformer ; 2.2 When maintaining electrical equipment, it is necessary to cut off the power supply, verify that there is no electricity present, and then discharge and ground the equipment. Install barriers and hang safety signs ; 2.3 When operating or maintaining electrical equipment, insulating shoes and gloves, protective glasses must be worn as required, along with insulating mats and insulating tools ; 2.4 Electrical maintenance work should be carried out under supervision, with one person operating and another person supervising ; 2.5 During an emergency power outage, it is prohibited to enter the enclosures or touch the conductive parts of the equipment without taking safety measures ; 2.6 In the event of electric shock or fire, immediately cut off the power supply and carry out rescue efforts ; 2.7 Electrical safety tools must be fully equipped, regularly tested, used only when they meet the required standards, and properly stored after use ; 2.8 Strictly abide by electrical safety operating procedures, the systems for switch operation tickets and maintenance work tickets, the work permit system, the work supervision system, the systems for work interruptions and completions, the shift handover system, as well as the fire safety and equipment management systems and access control systems, among others. 2.9 When working on low-voltage equipment while it is still powered on, a dedicated supervisor must be assigned, and the live parts of adjacent phases should be separated using insulating boards. Disable tools such as files and metal rulers ; 2.10 Outside line electricians are strictly prohibited from working on poles or performing switch operations in conditions such as winds of force 6 or above, heavy rain, or thunderstorms. 3. The indoor area should be equipped with carbon dioxide, carbon tetrachloride, dry powder fire extinguishers, or sand boxes, and the operators should be familiar with their use.
Just talking about electrical technicians’ inspections of transformers covers many aspects, such as the transformer’s temperature, oil level, and noise. Things like oil leaks and the like depend on the electrical equipment present in your company; different companies have different inspection requirements. For example, inspections in the chemical industry may need to be more thorough. Regardless of the type of company, it mainly comes down to what kinds of electrical equipment are available.
Thank you all, brothers. I was on a business trip a few days ago and didn’t have the chance to thank you for your help in time; now I’m starting to create the tables