Thread Content
1. The definition of fire protection distance between process devices and equipment: refers to the distance between the outermost edges of equipment or the outermost axes of buildings or structures.； The fire protection distance between equipment refers to the distance between the outer edges of the equipment. 2. A Φ20 round steel or steel plate should be buried on the top of the concrete pipe frame and beam to reduce the friction between the pipe and the beam. 3. When there is no pump arranged between the tower and the pipe rack, the distance between the outer wall of the tower and the center line of the pipe rack column should not be less than 3m. 4. The clear distance between the two towers should not be less than 2.5m. 5. The foundation surface of the tower should not be less than 200m above the ground. 6. Heat exchange equipment layout: There should be an open space of not less than 0.6m on both sides of the floating head and the pipe box, and there should be an open space of not less than 1.2m in front of the floating head. ； The clear distance between heat exchangers and other equipment should not be less than 0.7m. 7. Cofferdam design: (1) Cofferdams should be set up in areas that may be contaminated by oil corrosive media or toxic materials during operation or maintenance, and corrosive floors should be laid in equipment areas that handle corrosive media (granite is generally used for anti-corrosion, and the exposed part of the pump foundation should be veneered with granite) ； (2) The cofferdam should be 150~200mm higher than the ground in the weir area ； There should be drainage facilities in the cofferdam ； The ground inside the cofferdam should have slope-oriented drainage facilities, and the slope should not be less than 3‰. 8. The layout of liquefied petroleum gas tanks should comply with the following regulations: 1) Above-ground tanks should be arranged in a single row, and the clear distance between tanks should not be less than the diameter of the largest adjacent tank ； 2) A fire dike with a height of 1m should be set up around the above-ground tank group. The clear distance from the inner dike foot to the tank wall should not be less than 2m. ； 3) The distance between buried tanks should not be less than 2m, and the tanks should be strongly separated by anti-seepage concrete. If a tank pool is required, the clear distance between the inner wall of the tank and the tank wall should not be less than 1m ； 4) The thickness of the soil covering the top of the oil tank should not be less than 0.5m. The area around the oil tank should be backfilled with clean sand or fine soil, and its thickness should not be less than 0.3m. ； 5) The oil inlet pipe of the oil tank should extend downward to the inside of the tank 0.2m away from the bottom of the tank. 9. Hosting settings: For pipes with insulation layers, pipe supports should be installed at the pipe piers and pipe racks. If there is no requirement for pipes without thermal insulation layer, no pipe support is required. When the thickness of the insulation layer is ≤80mm, use a 100mm pipe support ； When the thickness of the insulation layer is >80mm, use a pipe support with a height of 150mm. ； When the thickness of the insulation layer is >130mm, use a pipe support with a height of 200mm. ； Cold pipe supports should be used for cold insulation pipes. 10. Center distance between two adjacent butt welds on the pipeline: (1) Pipes with DN＜150mm should not be less than the outer diameter and should not be less than 50mm ； (2) Pipes with DN≥150mm should not be less than 150mm. 11. General requirements for pipe layout in pipe trenches: (1) Basic size requirements for pipe trenches ； 1) Impassable pipe trench: The net height is generally 0.5 to 0.8m, and the width is generally 1.2m and should not exceed 1.5m. When it exceeds 1.5m, double groove pipe trenches are used. 2) Access trench: The clear height is determined according to actual needs, but should not be less than the 1.9m clear height required by the traffic height. The width of the channel in the pipe trench is generally 0.6~0.8m. (2) Pipe layout in the pipe trench: 1) The arrangement of pipes in the pipeline should be convenient for installation and maintenance ； 2) Pipes in impassable trenches should be arranged horizontally in a single layer to facilitate installation and maintenance. ； 3) The passage pipe trench should be arranged vertically against the wall. Pipes should rarely be in single rows, and pipes should be mostly in double rows, with the passage in the middle. ； 4) The clear distance between the insulation layer and the ditch wall should not be less than 100mm, the clear distance from the cantilever beams of each layer should be 80mm, and the clear distance from the ditch bottom should be 120mm. (3) When the pipe in the trench passes through the trench cover and is connected to the above-ground pipeline, a vertical casing or a shaft must be made to 0.5m above the ground. The cover must be sealed and a rainproof cap must be added on the top. ； (4) Set up valves reasonably to facilitate operation and maintenance ； 12. Burial depth of buried pipelines: The depth of buried pipelines should be based on the principle that the pipelines will not be damaged, and the maximum frozen soil depth and groundwater level should be considered. The distance between the top of the pipe and the ground should not be less than 0.5m ； In areas with concrete floors indoors or outdoors, the distance between the top of the pipe and the ground should not be less than 0.3m. The passage through mechanical vehicles should not be less than 0.7m or protected by casing. 13. Arrangement of manholes on the tower: Easy to operate and should be located in the same direction ； When setting up manholes, attention must be paid to the internal components of the tower. Generally, they should be set up in the bubbling area above the tray, and should not be set up in the downcomer or liquid receiving tank area of the tower. ； The manhole (or hand hole) on the tower body is usually arranged on the 3rd to 8th floor towers. ； The height of the manhole center from the platform surface is generally 600mm ~ 1000mm, and the optimal height is 750mm. ； The manholes on a tower should be arranged on the same vertical line to make them neat and beautiful. 14. Fixed side of horizontal container support: Find the most important (difficult or most demanding) pipe for flexibility calculation among the pipes that need to be connected to the container, such as a pipe with a large compensation amount and a large diameter, as the basis for determining the form of the support. The position of the fixed measuring support should be conducive to the flexibility calculation of the pipeline. 15. Orientation of the nozzle of the horizontal container: (1) The distance between the liquid inlet and outlet on the equipment shell should be as far as possible. The liquid inlet pipe should be as far away from the liquid level gauge port of the container as possible ； (2) The liquid level gauge port should be arranged at a location that is convenient for the operator to observe and maintain. Sometimes in order to reduce the number of pipe connections on the equipment, measuring devices such as local liquid level gauges, liquid level controllers, and liquid level alarms can be installed on the header. The position of the liquid level gauge pipe opening should be arranged on the same side as the liquid level regulating valve group. ； (3) The safety valve connection port should be located at the top of the container. 16. Working steam usage in heating furnace area ； Design features of its steam distribution pipe and fire-extinguishing steam pipe: The working steam required by the heating furnace is mainly for nozzle atomization, furnace fire extinguishing soot blower soot blowing, fire purging and pipe heating. Its pipeline design features are as follows: ； (1) Steam distribution pipe: Generally, it is arranged horizontally on the ground. The center elevation of the pipe is 500mm above the ground. Brackets are provided at both ends and stuck with pipe clamps. A drain valve should be installed at the bottom of the steam distribution pipe. ； The distance between the steam distribution pipe and the heating furnace body should not be less than 7.5m to facilitate safe operation. (2) Fire extinguishing steam pipe: A special pipe leading from the main steam pipe of the device, its main valve should be normally open ； The fire extinguishing steam pipes to the furnace and return elbow box should be led out from the steam distribution pipe ； A relief hole should be provided on the downstream pipe of the valve on the fire-extinguishing steam pipeline, close to the valve. The position of the relief hole should be arranged 180° in the opposite direction of the valve handwheel. 17. Pump protection line and function: (1) Warm pump line: When transporting high-temperature oil products with a medium temperature greater than 200°, a DN20~25 warm pump line should be set up if there is a backup pump. ； (2) Small flow line: When the working flow of the pump is 30% lower than the rated flow of the pump, a small flow line should be set for the pump to operate normally at the lowest flow rate. ； (3) Balance line: For transporting liquids whose saturated vapor pressure is higher than atmospheric pressure at room temperature or liquids at bubble point, a balance line should be added to prevent the liquid entering the pump from generating steam or bubbles from entering the pump and causing cavitation. ； (4) Bypass line: It is used for trial operation of the pump or when the outlet main valve is closed under abnormal operating conditions, the pump can still be running. Generally, a bypass valve with a flow-limiting orifice plate is installed in situations where the pressure difference between the front and rear of the valve is very high. ； (5) Anti-condensation line: When transporting liquids with high pour points or high freezing points that solidify at room temperature, the backup pumps and pipelines should be equipped with condensation lines to prevent the backup pumps and pipelines from being blocked. ； (6) Safety valve line: For positive displacement pumps such as electric reciprocating pumps, gear pumps and screw pumps, a safety valve line is set up on the outlet side. When the outlet pressure exceeds the constant pressure value, the safety valve will trip and the fluid will return to the pump inlet pipe.