What is an extruder used for?

:L Please, some expert, take a look! My graduation project... I can’t find any information about it online at all!

It’s the extruder, right! Extruder or extrusion machine

Structural components of extruders 　Regardless of the type, all extruders must include the following 5 main components: a feeding mechanism, a screw and its driving mechanism, an inner barrel sleeve (commonly referred to as the screw sleeve), a flow restrictor (commonly known as the die), and a flow cutoff device (which can also be called a material cutting mechanism). 　　 Feeding mechanism: The feeding component of an extruder, available in two forms – horizontal and vertical. Both types are equipped with a hopper that is used to receive and temporarily store the material to be extruded, and to transport it to the screw. To ensure smooth flow of the raw material and prevent the formation of \"arching\", a mixer is installed inside the hopper, or a wide discharge opening is used; this helps to maintain a continuous and uniform feeding process for the system. It is extremely important for the feeding mechanism to maintain a uniform feed. Because, to ensure that the extruder performs its functions properly and to maintain a homogeneous quality of the extruded material, a continuous and uniform feed is an essential prerequisite for the proper operation of the extruder. 　　 　　Screw: It can generally be said that the screw is the most important component of an extruder; it determines not only the efficiency of the extruder’s curing and gelatinization functions but also the quality of the final product. Different screws have different extrusion functions. The extrusion capability of the screw is determined by its design parameters. Various design parameters of the screw. 　　The thread pitch (t) is the distance between corresponding points on two adjacent thread profiles ； The number of times the thread rotates one full circle, and the distance that the thread advances axially (the pitch n), measured in multiples of the thread pitch, is called the lead count, or also referred to as the number of thread starts. Screw with single-start thread, where the pitch is equal to the thread pitch ； Screw with double-start threads, whose pitch is equal to twice the thread pitch ； A screw with three threads, whose pitch is equal to three times the thread pitch. A screw with male threads can increase the conveying capacity and viscous flow (Qd). As the screw continuously mixes and transports the material, mechanical friction and heat are generated by the screw, causing the material to melt. 　　Sleeve: A sleeve that surrounds the screw; it can be designed as a single unit, but it is usually equipped with a jacket that allows for heating via steam or superheated oil, or cooling using circulating water. The purpose of this is to enable the extruder to accurately control the temperature in various working zones. Most screw nuts are equipped with pressure sensors and temperature sensors, as well as temperature control devices. The inner surface of the screw sleeve is usually designed with grooves, which can be either straight or helical in shape. Spiral-shaped grooves generate a downstream boost, whereas straight-shaped grooves hinder the downstream flow. Therefore, linear grooves result in lower flow velocities, but they exert greater mechanical shear force. The gap distance between the screw and its nut is usually kept to a minimum in order to reduce leakage flow. 　　Die head: At the end of the screw sleeve, a die plate with holes of various shapes is usually installed, and this is generally referred to as the die head. The die has a dual function: it molds the extruded material into the desired shape ； It is used as a flow restrictor to increase the pressure in the curing zone of the extruder. Determining the geometry of the die holes plays a crucial role in the shape and quality of the extruded products. Currently, a variety of single-pass compression die head designs with different types of apertures have been developed, such as cylindrical aperture die heads, slotted aperture die heads, annular aperture die heads, as well as double-pass compression die heads. Feeding into the two-way die head, from the outlets of the single-way die pressing of two extruders, allows for the production of extruded products with dual colors or dual flavors. 　　Cutting mechanism A cutting mechanism must be installed in order to shape the extruded material after molding. The functional requirements for the cutting mechanism are: to be able to cut the extruded material after molding into products with a uniform surface, at the specified length. The length of the truncated material depends on the cutter speed ； The faster the cutter speed, the shorter the length of the cut material. The neatness of the truncated material depends to a large extent on the gap between the cutting blade and the die head; this gap should be less than 0.2 mm in order to ensure a clean cut of the extruded material ； However, it should be greater than 0.05 mm to avoid high frictional resistance between the blade and the die head. The commonly used material cutting mechanisms include vertical cutters and horizontal cutters, as shown in Figure 7.

Take a look first; I also saw it online. Essentially, it is specialized equipment used to extrude copper, aluminum, and their alloy billets in their hot state into tube and rod shapes

I’m not sure which type of extruder you’re referring to. There are also extruders used for solid-liquid separation.