What is the approval system for boiler manufacturing?
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For example, if I am the boiler designer and I hand over the drum to the manufacturer, what is the process for submitting the drawings for approval?
It is necessary to go to the Provincial Special Equipment Inspection and Research Institute for registration; many technical documents are required, such as strength calculation reports and a complete set of drawings.
The drawings and strength calculation documents must first be stamped by the Provincial Institute for Safety Supervision and Inspection of Special Equipment. During the manufacturing process, supervision must be carried out by the local boiler inspection agency, which shall issue the relevant certification documents. The owner must submit the relevant documents such as drawings, strength calculation reports, and certification papers to the local technical supervision department for approval before the item can be used.
Are there any drawbacks to this system, and have any problems occurred?
The original poster may not be aware that the design and manufacturing units for a boiler should be the same entity. Once a unit obtains a boiler manufacturing license of the corresponding level, it gains the qualification to design boilers of that same level ； The drawings and corresponding design documents used for boiler manufacturing must undergo drawing appraisal by the relevant special equipment supervision and inspection department in the province, which has been approved by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, before manufacturing can proceed. The documents required for this drawing appraisal are detailed in the TSG G1001-2004 \"Rules for the Management of Boiler Design Document Appraisal\"; one can refer to this regulation for more information.
Boilers do not require a design qualification certificate. If the design unit and the manufacturing unit are not the same entity, it is usually the design unit that provides the drawings to the manufacturing unit, which then modifies those drawings before submitting them to the local boiler inspection agency in order for approval. I believe it would be advisable to separate the design qualifications from the manufacturing qualifications for boilers, especially in the field of waste heat boilers, where designs are generally custom-made. Many small boiler manufacturers actually lack the capability to carry out such design work; instead, design institutes complete the designs and then assign them to manufacturing plants for production.
Boilers should be produced by manufacturers that possess the appropriate licensing for manufacturing pressure vessels; the manufacturing drawings must be reviewed by the Quality and Technical Supervision Bureau. After production is completed, they must undergo inspection by the quality supervision agency (depending on the characteristics of the boiler, medium- and low-pressure boilers generally only require review by the local Quality and Technical Supervision Bureau, while high-pressure and higher boilers need to be reviewed by the provincial quality supervision agency). The permits for using boilers, which indicate whether they can be used to generate electricity and feed it into the grid, are issued after review by either local or provincial boiler inspection agencies.