Location of the heat exchanger tie rod arrangement
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When designing vertical heat exchangers, the standard does not seem to specify whether the tie rods should be placed on the upper tube sheet or the lower tube sheet. Is it possible to arrange them arbitrarily, or must they be placed on the lower tube sheet? Thank you!
In a vertical arrangement, without affecting assembly, it is preferable to locate the fixed end of the tie rod on the upper tube sheet, regardless of whether the shell-side fluid inlet is located at the top or bottom. This should result in better stress distribution. When the shock plate is fixed to the tube bundle or a guide cylinder is used, the tie rod should be installed on the tube sheet at the inlet end of the shell-side fluid. When the anti-erosion plate is welded to the shell, the tie rod should generally be installed on the tube sheet at the outlet end of the shell-side fluid.
Generally, the threads are tightened on the upper tube sheet, with bolts used to fix the baffle plates
There have been discussions on this issue; you can take a look at http://bbs.hcbbs.com/viewthread.php?tid=352138&highlight=