Carbon fiber and carbon fiber

As the name suggests, carbon fiber carbon fiber not only has the inherent characteristics of carbon materials, but also has the soft processability of textile fibers. It is a new generation of reinforced fiber. Compared with traditional glass fiber (GF), Young's modulus is more than 3 times ； Compared with Kevlar fiber (KF-49), its Young's modulus is about twice that of Kevlar fiber (KF-49). It is also insoluble and non-swelling in organic solvents, acids and alkalis, and has outstanding corrosion resistance. Some scholars soaked PAN-based CF in a strong alkali NaOH solution in 1981. More than 20 years have passed, and it still maintains its fiber shape. 　　Carbon fiber is an inorganic polymer fiber with a carbon content higher than 90%. Those with a carbon content higher than 99% are called graphite fibers. Carbon fiber has high axial strength and modulus, no creep, good fatigue resistance, specific heat and electrical conductivity between non-metals and metals, small thermal expansion coefficient, good corrosion resistance, low fiber density, and good X-ray transmittance. However, its impact resistance is poor and it is easy to be damaged. It will be oxidized under the action of strong acid. When combined with metal, metal carbonization, carburization and electrochemical corrosion will occur. Therefore, carbon fiber must be surface treated before use. 　　Carbon fiber can be made from polyacrylonitrile fiber, pitch fiber, viscose fiber or phenolic fiber by carbonization. ； Divided into filament, short fiber and chopped fiber according to state ； According to mechanical properties, it is divided into general type and high performance type. The strength of general-purpose carbon fiber is 1000 MPa (MPa) and the modulus is about 100GPa. High-performance carbon fiber is divided into high-strength type (strength 2000MPa, modulus 250GPa) and high-model (modulus 300GPa and above). Those with a strength greater than 4000MPa are also called ultra-high-strength types. ； Those with a modulus greater than 450GPa are called ultra-high models. With the development of the aerospace and aviation industry, high-strength and high-elongation carbon fibers have also appeared, with an elongation greater than 2%. The largest amount of polyacrylonitrile PAN-based carbon fiber is used. 　　Carbon fiber can be processed into fabrics, felts, * , tape, paper and other materials. In addition to being used as thermal insulation materials, carbon fibers are generally not used alone. They are mostly used as reinforcing materials and added to resin, metal, ceramics, concrete and other materials to form composite materials. Carbon fiber reinforced composite materials can be used as aircraft structural materials, electromagnetic shielding and antistatic materials, artificial ligaments and other body replacement materials, as well as in the manufacture of rocket shells, motor ships, industrial robots, automobile leaf springs and drive shafts, etc. 　　Carbon fiber is a new material for both military and civilian use. It is a key material that is technology-intensive and politically sensitive. Previously, the United States-led Paris Coordination Committee (COCOM) had * * An embargo and blockade policy was implemented. Although COCOM was disbanded in March 1994, the shadow of the embargo and blockade still loomed over the sky. Advanced carbon fiber technology was still unable to be introduced, especially high-performance PAN-based precursor technology. Even if my country entered the WTO, the situation would not change significantly. Therefore, there is no other choice but for Chinese people to continue to develop the carbon fiber industry on their own. 　　At present, the world's carbon fiber output reaches more than 40,000 tons/year. The world's main companies in the world are Toray, Toho Rayon and Mitsubishi Rayon, three companies in the United States: HEXCEL, ZOLTEK, and ALDILA, as well as Germany's SGL SGL Group, South Korea's Taekwang Industries, and Taiwan's Formosa Plastics Group. A few units have mastered the core technology of carbon fiber production and have large-scale production. At present, there is not a large-scale carbon fiber factory with an annual output of 100t in the motherland, and most of them are still in the pilot scale-up stage. It is worth mentioning that the Formosa Plastics Group in Taiwan Province of my country introduced a 100-ton carbon fiber production line from Hitco Company in the United States in the mid-1980s. After digestion, absorption and matching, it developed rapidly. Formosa Plastics' output increased rapidly, but the improvement in carbon fiber quality was not large. 　　my country's research on carbon fiber began in the 1960s, and research on high-strength carbon fiber began in the 1980s. Progress has been slow over the years, but some achievements have been made. It has developed rapidly since the 21st century. Anhui Huawan Carbon Fiber Company took the lead in introducing 500 tons/year raw silk and 200 tons/year PAN-based carbon fiber (only Toray Carbon Fiber T300 level), making my country's carbon fiber industry enter the industrialization stage. Subsequently, some manufacturers have joined the ranks of carbon fiber production. According to incomplete statistics, currently, there are 12 PAN-based carbon fiber manufacturers in my country with different production scales (5-800 tons/year), with a total production capacity of 1,310 tons/year, and product specifications of 1K, 3K, 6K, and 12K. However, because some companies do not have raw silk to burn, the actual total domestic carbon fiber output is less than 40 tons/year, and the product quality is not stable, and most of them cannot reach the T300 level. The good news is that since 2000, my country's carbon fiber has been developing towards technological diversification, abandoning the original nitric acid process raw fiber manufacturing technology, and adopting the one-step wet spinning technology using dimethyl sulfoxide as the solvent to achieve success. At present, a few domestic T300 and T700 carbon fiber products developed using independent technology have reached the level of similar international products. 　　With the increasing demand for carbon fiber in our country in recent years, carbon fiber has been listed as * * New products supported by the chemical fiber industry have become a hot spot for research and development in the domestic new materials industry. According to incomplete statistics, there are currently 11 carbon fiber production companies planned or under construction, with a total production capacity of 7,100 tons/year of raw silk and 1,560 tons/year of carbon fiber. Among them, 4 companies are under construction, with a total production capacity of 1,100 tons/year of raw silk and 470 tons/year of carbon fiber. 　　Although my country's carbon fiber production has developed slowly, consumption has been gradually increasing and market demand is strong. The main uses include sports equipment, general industry and aerospace, among which sports and leisure products are the most used, accounting for about 80% to 90% of consumption. my country's carbon fiber demand has exceeded 3,000 tons/year and will exceed 5,000 tons/year in 2010. The main application areas are: Mature markets include aerospace and defense (aircraft, rockets, missiles, satellites, radar, etc.) and sports and leisure products (golf clubs, fishing gear, tennis rackets, badminton rackets, arrow shafts, bicycles, rowing boats, etc.) ； Emerging markets include reinforced plastics, pressure vessels, building reinforcement, wind power generation, friction materials, drilling platforms, etc. ； Markets to be developed include automobiles, medical equipment, new energy, etc. 　　The development of carbon fiber composite materials in my country began in the mid-1970s. After nearly 40 years of development, it has made great progress and has been widely used in leading aerospace products (missiles, arrows, satellites, and ships). In recent years, the demand for carbon fiber in my country's sports and leisure products and pressure vessels has grown rapidly. The rapid development of aerospace technology urgently requires high-performance carbon fiber and its composite materials, and the market demand is even stronger. 　　In order to meet the growing demand for carbon fiber in the domestic market, the localization and scale of my country's carbon fiber industry should be realized as soon as possible. To this end, we must accelerate technological innovation and master core technologies ； Accelerate the development of raw silk technology and develop high-purity raw silk ； Strengthen application research and market development to further expand application fields. Carbon fiber has great development prospects in our country, but the experiences and lessons learned from the development of polyester and other chemical fibers should be summarized to avoid blind development and achieve healthy development. 　　In order to manufacture large aircraft and develop the aerospace industry, our country must also realize the industrialization of high-strength medium-model carbon fiber as soon as possible. However, because high-performance carbon fiber is an indispensable material for the development of cutting-edge technologies such as aerospace and aerospace, it has long been blocked by the Paris Coordinating Committee headed by the United States. Although "Batumi" was disbanded in March 1994, the shadow of the embargo still exists. Even if the embargo on our country is lifted, it will only be general-grade carbon fiber at first, and will not sell us high-performance carbon fiber technology and equipment. Therefore, the development of high-performance carbon fiber must rely on ourselves. The "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" for the development of my country's chemical fiber industry proposes "shifting from focusing on increasing quantity to vigorously developing high-tech fibers", especially regarding matters related to * * High-tech fiber materials for industrial safety are a top priority, and carbon fiber is ranked first. * * High-tech fiber varieties that urgently need breakthroughs in the short term have created conditions for the development of carbon fiber in our country. We must seize this opportunity, be self-reliant, strive for innovation, and develop carbon fiber with our own intellectual property rights to meet the growing market demand. * * “"863 Plan" and relevant ministries and commissions are concerned about the development of my country's carbon fiber industry and the pace of its industrialization, and have given strong support. Many materials experts have also done a lot of solid work. “During the 11th Five-Year Plan period, my country launched the relevant "973 Plan". It is believed that the "11th Five-Year Plan" will be a golden era for the industrialization of my country's carbon fiber industry.

""Carbon fiber" refers to carbon fiber in English; explanation of "carbon fiber" in academic literature 1. The carbon fiber mentioned here refers to ordinary carbon fiber or graphite fiber, which is made from organic polymer fibers such as polyacrylonitrile, cellulose fiber, asphalt fiber, etc., by heating and oxidizing it in an oxidizing atmosphere such as air, and then carbonizing or graphitizing it in a high-temperature heating furnace under the protection of inert gases such as nitrogen. 2. The raw materials that can be made into carbon fiber are very wide.* It is customary to thermally decompose organic matter into fibrous substances with a diameter of 5 to 15 μm made only of carbon, which are called carbon fibers. Carbon fibers are widely used in industry. In medicine, carbon fibers and carbon fiber-reinforced composite implant materials have been used clinically as materials for some artificial tissues and organs, as well as repair materials for certain human tissues and organs.

Carbon fiber and carbon fiber should be the same thing, which is caused by everyone's misuse of "charcoal" or "carbon". Carbon tàn 〈name〉 (phonetic. From fire, shore province sound. Original meaning: charcoal) Same as the original meaning of charcoal, the remainder of burning wood. ——"Shuowen" The remaining wood burned by fire is called charcoal. ——"Release Name" Sitting on the charcoal. ——"Mencius". Note: "Mo Ye. ” Poor man, he is wearing only a single coat, and he is worried that the weather will be cold. ——"Charcoal Seller" by Bai Juyi of the Tang Dynasty Another example: charcoal; peat charcoal; bone charcoal; activated carbon; charcoal stove (stove for burning charcoal); charcoal (firewood); charcoal paper (paper coated with charcoal for copying); charcoal pen (a pen made of charred twigs or charcoal powder); charcoal ice (charcoal is hot but cold. Metaphor of incompatible); charcoal fire (burning charcoal) something like charcoal. Such as: hawthorn charcoal fire. Metaphor for disaster; hardship: Coal, also called charcoal, is used by its owner to make charcoal in the mountains. ——"Historical Records" Carbon tàn 〈name〉 A mainly tetravalent non-metallic element that exists in nature (such as in the form of diamond and graphite) and is a component of coal, petroleum, asphalt, limestone and other carbonates and all organic compounds - element symbol C. Do you know which is the correct name? This post was last edited by wivern on 2009-3-18 10:06 ]

Thanks to the poster for posting, and thanks to everyone for their replies, which have taught me so much.