How is the condensate at the top of the distillation tower distributed?
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The overhead distillate from the distillation tower first enters a condenser where it is condensed. The non-condensable gases in the condenser are discharged through a water seal, while part of the condensed product is recycled and another part is taken as the tower overhead product. So, what method is used to adjust the reflux ratio while maintaining stable system pressure?
It’s by adjusting the flow rate; there are specialized flow meters and instruments for recording it...
The lower part of the distillation tower is open, and a flow meter is used to introduce the reflux liquid from the upper part into the opening at the lower part of the distillation tower. By reading the values from the flow meter and combining them with data such as the pressure gauge of the distillation tower, the liquid inside the distillation tower is brought to a state where distillation occurs, thereby achieving equilibrium. At the same time, the pipeline of the finished product diverts a portion of the liquid from the top to be exported as the finished product. It can be done manually or automatically. The entire system needs a water seal to prevent vacuum. And a vacuum balance line is required (at the tank). :lol
Could you be more detailed? I read in a book that in some cases, a water seal is connected directly after the condenser; in other cases, a U-shaped tube water seal is added after the condenser, from which the liquid is then directed directly to the storage tank. So, connecting it directly to the water seal means that the condenser is a partial condenser, right? Because aren’t water seals used to seal gases? In this way, once inside the water seal tank, the organic vapors are completely condensed, and since the density of the products at the top of the tower is generally less than that of water, they flow out through the overflow port. This enables the separation of organic vapor and liquid. Then connect it directly to a U-shaped tube water seal and lead it to the storage tank. Is the condenser a full-condensation type condenser? No gas-liquid separation is needed; instead, a U-shaped water seal is used to maintain the pressure inside the condenser? Or should the uncondensed gas return to the condenser to continue condensing?