Discussion questions on occupational health [One question per day 20090320]
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The main components of the gas produced by a certain factory are CO2, CO, H2, N2, H2S, and O2. Their percentages are as follows: 6.0%, 27.0%, 14.0%, 50.0%
1. Is this project a project with severe occupational disease hazards or a project with general occupational disease hazards? Why? Answer: It is a project with severe occupational disease hazards, as CO is a chemical substance listed in the Catalogue of Highly Toxic Substances. 2. If this factory intends to submit a declaration regarding occupational hazards, what information must be included in accordance with **relevant laws? Answer: According to the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases, the information that must be reported includes: A. Basic information about the employer ； B. Types, concentrations, or intensities of occupational disease hazards in the workplace ； C. Production technologies, processes, and materials that generate occupational disease hazards ； D. Facilities for protecting against occupational disease hazards, and emergency rescue facilities. 3. Please calculate this employee’s TWA for 8 hours of CO exposure. TWA = ∑(CiTi)/8 = 12.74. This post was last edited by FeiGuoHai on 2009-3-21 at 09:31.]
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1. Article 3 of the \"Administrative Measures for the Classification of Occupational Disease Hazards in Construction Projects\" stipulates that projects with any of the following circumstances are classified as those with severe occupational disease hazards, while the rest are classified as those with general occupational disease hazards: (1) Those that may generate radioactive occupational hazard factors. (2) Chemical substances that may be classified as having a \"high or extremely high hazard level\" according to the \"Classification of Hazards from Occupational Exposure to Toxic Substances\" (GB 5044-1985) (the 6 criteria used for classification: acute toxicity, carcinogenicity, maximum allowable concentration, incidence of acute poisoning, incidence of chronic poisoning, and consequences of chronic poisoning). (3) Dusts that may produce more than 10% free silica. (4) Those that may produce asbestos fibers. (5) Other items specified by the Ministry of Health that should be included in the category of serious occupational hazards. This project involves carbon monoxide and sulfides, which are classified as highly toxic substances according to GB 5044—1985; therefore, it is a project with serious occupational disease hazards. 2. In accordance with the \"Administrative Measures for the Declaration of Occupational Diseases in Construction Projects\", when submitting declarations regarding occupational hazards, the factory shall include the following main information: (1) Basic information about the employer ； (2) Types, concentrations, or intensities of occupational disease hazards in the workplace ； (3) Production technologies, processes, and materials that generate occupational disease hazards ； (4) Facilities for protecting against occupational disease hazards and emergency rescue facilities. 3. The Permissible concentration-Time Weighted Average (PC-TWA) refers to the average allowable exposure level over an 8-hour working day, with time used as the weighting factor. Its calculation formula is: TWA=∑(CiTi)/8, where Ci is the exposure concentration during the i-th time period ； Ti——contact time for the i-th time period ； Therefore, the TWA for 8 hours of exposure to CO is (50*15 + 47*17 + 62*22 + 75*21 + 38*18 + 59*16)/8 = 12.7 mg/m3