The difference between safety technologies for preventing accidents and those for reducing accident losses

Difference between safety technologies for preventing accidents and those for reducing accident losses: Safety technologies for preventing accidents are those implemented before an accident occurs in order to avoid it. Safety technologies aimed at reducing accident losses are those implemented after an accident occurs to minimize the resulting damages.

I believe the purpose of safety technologies aimed at preventing accidents is to stop accidents from occurring. The purpose of safety technologies aimed at reducing accident losses is to minimize those losses; while it is not possible to prevent accidents from occurring, such technologies can help reduce their impact.

On page 14 of \"Chemical Process Safety Engineering,\" among the safety techniques for preventing accidents, the third measure is isolation, shielding, and interlocking. Shielding involves enclosing the areas where accidents might occur in order to protect people or important equipment and reduce the impact of such accidents. I wonder why I think this shielding should be considered a safety technology aimed at reducing accident losses?

One is preventive measures, with an emphasis on prevention. One is post-incident handling, focusing on accident resolution! !

Isolation measures in safety technologies aimed at preventing accidents represent preventive actions taken in advance, by employing necessary protective measures or maintaining sufficient distances. Isolation measures taken after an accident occur, on the other hand, involve taking appropriate actions to prevent further loss or damage. Personal opinion

The isolation measures for the former are aimed at preventing accidents, such as installing distribution panels and protective fences around transformers； The isolation of the latter is applied to emergency response measures after an accident occurs, such as quickly closing fire doors in case of a fire.

Catalog of Safety Facilities for Hazardous Chemicals Construction Projects (Trial) Explanation I. Meaning of safety facilities: Refers to the devices (equipment) and measures employed by enterprises (organizations) in their production and operational activities to keep hazardous and harmful factors within safe limits, as well as to prevent, reduce, and eliminate hazards. II. Classification of safety facilities Safety facilities are divided into three categories: facilities for preventing accidents, facilities for controlling accidents, and facilities for reducing and eliminating the impacts of accidents. III. Scope of Application This catalog applies to the safety assessment, design review of safety facilities, and completion inspection for construction projects involving the new construction, renovation, or expansion of hazardous chemical production and storage units and facilities within the People’s Republic of China, as well as chemical production units and facilities that generate hazardous chemicals. ⒈Facilities for accident prevention: (1) Detection and alarm facilities – Alarm systems for pressure, temperature, liquid level, flow rate, composition, etc.; detection and alarm devices for flammable gases, toxic and harmful gases, oxygen, etc.; as well as testing and inspection equipment and instruments used for safety checks and safety data analysis. ⑵Equipment safety protection facilities include guards, protective screens, load limiters, travel limiters, as well as devices for braking, speed control, lightning protection, moisture protection, sun protection, freeze protection, corrosion prevention, and leak prevention. There are also safety locking mechanisms for transmission equipment, electrical overload protection devices, and static electricity grounding systems. ⑶Explosion-proof facilities: Explosion-proof devices for various electrical and instrumentation systems, mechanisms to prevent the entry of combustion-supporting substances (such as nitrogen sealing), systems to prevent the formation of flammable and explosive gases and dusts, as well as explosion-proof equipment and tools. ⑷Protection facilities in the workplace: facilities for radiation protection, static electricity prevention, noise reduction, ventilation (dust and toxin removal), protective barriers (nets), slip resistance, and burn prevention in the workplace. ⑸Safety warning signs include various signs that indicate safety procedures, as well as signs for guiding evacuation and escape routes and indicating wind direction. ⒉Facilities for controlling accidents ⑹ Pressure relief and check valves: Devices such as valves, rupture discs, and vent pipes used for pressure relief, as well as valves used for preventing backflow, plus sealing devices for vacuum systems. ⑺Emergency handling facilities: emergency backup power supplies, facilities for emergency shutdown, diversion, discharge (to flares), absorption, neutralization, cooling, etc., facilities for introducing or adding inert gases, reaction inhibitors, etc., as well as emergency shutdown and instrument interlock systems. ⒊Facilities for reducing and eliminating the effects of accidents ⑻ Facilities to prevent fire spread: flame arresters, safety water seals, backflow preventers, oil (fire) barriers, explosion-proof walls and doors and other explosion isolation devices, firewalls, fire doors, steam curtains, water curtains, and fire-resistant material coatings. ⑼Fire suppression facilities include systems such as water spray, inert gas, steam, and foam release, as well as fire hydrants, high-pressure water guns, fire trucks, fire water supply networks, and fire stations. ⑽Emergency individual protection equipment: eyewash stations, shower units, escape devices, escape ropes, emergency lighting, and other such facilities. ⑾Emergency rescue facilities include leak sealing equipment, emergency construction equipment, and medical treatment equipment for injured persons at the scene. ⑿Escape and shelter facilities: safety passages (ladders) for escaping and taking shelter, safe shelters equipped with air breathing systems, shelter signals, etc. ⒀Personal protective equipment and gear includes items designed to protect the head, face, visual and respiratory organs, auditory organs, limbs, and torso from physical and chemical hazards present in the workplace; such equipment provides protection against fire, toxins, burns, corrosion, noise, intense light, falls from heights, impacts, and punctures.