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Help: Ammonia synthesis production process

2009-03-22View Original

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I was wondering if anyone has shared the book \"Synthesis of Ammonia: Production Process\", edited by Lin Yubo. I need it urgently; thank you! ! !
Reply #22009-03-23
I have it, but unfortunately it’s not in electronic format. I don’t think this book is a classic reference for the ammonia synthesis industry; its content is rather general, so I’m not sure how I can help you.
Reply #32009-03-23
Check if what’s in this link is what you’re looking for: Ammonia synthesis production process, Intermediate level book on ammonia synthesis production process, Ammonia synthesis production process (1,000 tons of ammonia per day)
Reply #42009-06-19
Could the original poster take a look at this? The content is simple and easy to understand{:3_53:} 1. Process flow for ammonia synthesis   (1) Preparation of feed gas – Raw materials such as coal and natural gas are used to produce a crude feed gas containing hydrogen and nitrogen. For solid feedstocks such as coal and coke, gasification is commonly used to produce syngas ; Syngas can be produced from residue oil through non-catalytic partial oxidation ; For gaseous hydrocarbons and naphtha, the two-stage steam reforming process is used in industry to produce syngas.   (2) Purification: The crude feed gas is purified to remove impurities other than hydrogen and nitrogen, mainly including the shift process, desulfurization and decarburization processes, as well as the gas refining process.   ① Carbon monoxide conversion process: In ammonia synthesis, the feed gases produced by various methods all contain CO, with a volume fraction generally ranging from 12% to 40%. The two components required for ammonia synthesis are H2 and N2; therefore, CO in the syngas needs to be removed. The conversion reaction is as follows: CO + H2O → 2H2 + CO2, with ΔH = -41.2 kJ/mol at 298 K. Since the conversion of CO is a highly exothermic process, it must be carried out in stages in order to recover the heat generated by the reaction and to control the residual CO content at the outlet of each conversion stage. The first step is high-temperature conversion, which converts most of the CO into CO2 and H2 ; The second step is low-temperature conversion to reduce the CO content to around 0.3%. Therefore, the CO conversion reaction is both a continuation of raw gas production and a purification process, creating conditions for the subsequent decarburization process.   ② Desulfurization and decarbonization processes: The crude feed gases produced from various raw materials contain certain oxides of sulfur and carbon. To prevent catalyst poisoning during the ammonia synthesis process, these substances must be removed before the ammonia synthesis step. In the steam reforming process using natural gas as a raw material, the first step is desulfurization, which serves to protect the reforming catalyst. In the partial oxidation process using heavy oil and coal as raw materials, the location of desulfurization is determined depending on whether a sulfur-resistant catalyst is used for the carbon monoxide conversion. There are many types of industrial desulfurization methods, which generally involve physical or chemical absorption; common ones include the low-temperature methanol washing process (Rectisol) and the polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether process (Selexol).   After CO conversion of the crude feed gas, the converted gas contains components other than H2, such as CO2, CO, and CH4, among which CO2 is the most abundant. CO2 is both a poison for ammonia synthesis catalysts and an important raw material for producing nitrogen fertilizers such as urea and ammonium bicarbonate. Therefore, the removal of CO2 from the transformed gas must take both of these requirements into account.   The solution absorption method is generally used to remove CO2. Based on the different properties of the absorbents, they can be divided into two main categories. One category is physical absorption methods, such as low-temperature methanol washing (Rectisol), polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether method (Selexol), and propylene carbonate method. One category is chemical absorption methods, such as the thermal potassium alkali method, the low-heat consumption Benfield method, the activated MDEA method, the MEA method, etc. 4   ③ Gas purification process   The raw gas, after CO conversion and CO2 removal, still contains small amounts of residual CO and CO2. To prevent poisoning of the ammonia synthesis catalyst, it is specified that the total content of CO and CO2 must not exceed 10 cm3/m3 (volume fraction). Therefore, before entering the synthesis process, the feed gas must undergo final purification, namely a refining process.   Currently, in industrial production, the final purification methods are divided into cryogenic separation and methanation. The cryogenic separation method mainly refers to the liquid nitrogen washing technique, which involves deep freezing (

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