Operating procedures for conventional lathes
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Operating Procedures for a Conventional Lathe1. Check whether all oil holes are unobstructed, whether the oil level is within the specified range in those holes, and add lubricant as needed; ensure the oil level meets the requirements.
2. Verify that all handles on the machine tool are in their correct positions and that all components are present and intact.
3. Check that the switches for the main motor, cooling pump, and lighting fixtures are functional.
4. Before starting the machine, manually rotate the chuck 1–2 times before beginning to operate at low speed (5–10 minutes in winter, 3–5 minutes in summer) to ensure proper lubrication of all parts before commencing work.
5. Operate at low speed to check the tension of the brake belt (by reversing rotation); if it’s not appropriate, stop the motor and adjust it accordingly.
6. Ensure that the sliding movement between the slide and the bed is proper; if not, inspect and adjust it, removing any dirt present.
7. Check whether the spring of the worm gear inside the lead screw box is at the right setting; adjust it if necessary.
8. The handles of the headstock should only be moved when the machine is stopped. The handles of the feed box can be adjusted to the desired position only at low speeds before starting operation.
9. During operation, the operator must stand on the right side of the lathe, wear safety glasses, keep sleeves tied up, and pay attention to the distance the tool post moves forward. Gloves are not allowed during operation (female workers must wear safety helmets with their long hair covered by them).
10. When using various chucks or collets, safety clips must be used to secure them properly.
11. When machining elongated workpieces longer than 200 mm, a center hole must be drilled, and the workpiece should be supported using a tailstock center.
12. When using a four-jaw chuck to align a blank, do not force the workpiece onto the chuck; instead, allow the jaws to adjust accordingly. If a lever or handle is too short, a lengthening rod can be used, but its length must not exceed that of the original lever. Do not use excessive force when tightening.
13. When filing a workpiece, a wooden handle must be attached to the file, with the right hand holding it; apply even pressure while filing.
14. If any abnormality is detected in the machine’s operation or controls during use, stop the machine immediately and inspect it manually.
15. It is prohibited to place measuring tools, cutting tools, or workpieces on the bed of the machine.
16. The power supply must be turned off whenever loading or unloading workpieces or performing other tasks involving the machine.
17. Keep the machine and the surrounding area clean, remove cutting debris, and apply lubricant to the bed and the tool posts to prevent rusting.
18. Fill out equipment operation records and shift handover records carefully.