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The main characteristics and uses of various grades of aluminum alloys. ZL101 is characterized by simple composition, easy smelting and casting, good casting performance, good air tightness, and relatively good welding and cutting performance, but its mechanical properties are not high. It is suitable for casting various parts with thin walls, large areas and complex shapes, and low strength requirements, such as pump casings, gear boxes, instrument casings (frames) and parts on home appliances. Sand casting and metal mold casting are mainly used. Zl101A is based on ZL101 with a trace amount of Ti added to refine the grains and strengthen the alloy structure. Its comprehensive performance is higher than that of Zl101 and ZL102, and it has better corrosion resistance. It can be used as high-quality castings for engineering structural parts with general loads and various structural parts for motorcycles, automobiles, home appliances, and instrument products. Its usage is currently second only to ZL102. Sand mold and metal mold casting are mostly used. The biggest feature of Zl102 is its good fluidity. Other properties are similar to ZL101, but its air tightness is better than ZL101. It can be used to cast various complex-shaped, thin-walled die castings and thin-walled, large-area, complex-shaped metal or sand castings with low strength requirements. Whether it is die castings, metal molds, or sand mold castings, they are the most commonly used cast aluminum alloy varieties in civilian products. Zl104 has a large amount of crystals and the addition of Mn, which offsets the harmful effects of Fe mixed in the material. It has good casting performance, excellent air tightness, corrosion resistance, and good welding and cutting performance, but poor heat resistance. It is suitable for making power structural parts with complex shapes and large sizes and heavy loads, such as supercharger housings, cylinder heads, cylinder liners and other parts. It is mainly die-casted, but also sand and metal mold castings. Zl105 and ZL105A have lower Si content due to the addition of Cu, so their casting performance and welding performance are worse than ZL104, but their room temperature and high temperature strength and cutting performance are better than ZL104, their plasticity is slightly lower, and their corrosion resistance is poor. It is suitable for use as power structural parts with complex shapes, large sizes and heavy loads. Such as supercharger housing, cylinder head, cylinder liner and other parts. Zl105A reduces the content of the impurity element Fe in ZL105, improves the strength of the alloy, has better mechanical properties than ZL105, and is mostly used to cast high-quality castings. Due to the increased content of Si and the addition of trace amounts of Ti and Mn, ZL106 has better air tightness and corrosion resistance than ZL105 in casting performance and high temperature performance. It can be used as general load structural parts and parts that require good air tightness and work at higher temperatures. Sand molds and metal molds are mainly used for casting. ZL107 ZL107 has excellent casting performance and air tightness, good mechanical properties, average welding and cutting performance, and slightly poor corrosion resistance. It is suitable for making structural parts that bear general dynamic or static loads and parts with air tightness requirements. Sand casting is often used. ZL108 Due to its high Si content, ZL108 also adds Mg, Cu, and Mn, which makes the alloy have excellent casting properties, small thermal expansion coefficient, good wear resistance, high strength, and good heat resistance. But the corrosion resistance is slightly lower. It is suitable for making pistons of internal combustion engines and other parts that require wear resistance and parts that require stable size and volume. Die casting and metal mold casting are mainly used, and sand casting can also be used. ZL109 is a complex alloyed Al-Si-Cu-Mg-Ni alloy. Due to the increased Si content and the addition of Ni, the alloy has excellent casting performance and airtightness as well as high high-temperature strength. The wear resistance and corrosion resistance are also improved, and the linear expansion coefficient and density are also greatly reduced. It is suitable for making internal combustion engine pistons and parts that require wear resistance and stable size and volume. Mainly used metal mold casting and sand casting. ZL111 ZL111 is a complex alloyed alloy. Due to the addition of Mn and Ti, the alloy has excellent casting properties, good corrosion resistance, air tightness, and high strength. Its welding and cutting performance are average. It is suitable for casting power structural parts with complex shapes and heavy loads (such as structural parts of aircraft engines, water pumps, oil pumps, impellers, etc.), parts that require good air tightness and work at higher temperatures. Mainly metal mold and sand mold casting are used, and die casting can also be used. ZL114A ZL112 is a complex alloyed alloy. Due to the addition of Mn and Ti, the alloy has excellent casting properties, good corrosion resistance, air tightness, and high strength. Its welding and cutting performance are average. It is suitable for casting power structural parts with complex shapes and heavy loads (such as structural parts of aircraft engines, water pumps, oil pumps, impellers, etc.), parts that require good air tightness and work at higher temperatures. Mainly metal mold and sand mold casting are used, and die casting can also be used. ZL115 has good casting performance and high mechanical properties, and is mainly used as heavy-load engineering structural parts and other parts, such as valve housings, impellers, etc. Mainly using sand mold and metal mold casting. ZL116 removes Zn and Sb from the ZL115 alloy and adds two trace elements, Ti and Be, to refine the grains of the alloy and reduce the harmful effects of Fe, resulting in the alloy having better casting performance, air tightness and higher mechanical properties. It is suitable for casting power structural parts that bear large loads, such as some parts on aircraft and missiles and various parts on civilian products that require better comprehensive performance. ZL117 is mainly cast in sand molds and metal molds. ZL117 alloy is a complex alloyed Al-Cu-Mg hypereutectic wear-resistant alloy. Because its Si content reaches 19-22%, and trace amounts of Mn and rare earth elements RE are added, the alloy becomes an advanced wear-resistant material with many high-hardness primary Si particles distributed on a soft matrix. It also has good casting performance, good room temperature and high temperature strength, and a low thermal expansion coefficient. It is suitable for casting internal combustion engine pistons, brake pads and other structural parts that require wear resistance, stable volume and high strength. It is mainly cast in metal molds, but can also be cast in sand molds. In addition, the Ministry of Aviation Industry has also developed three aluminum-silicon alloys (ZL112Y, ZL113Y, ZL117Y). ZL112Y and ZL113Y are both Al-Si-Cu die-casting alloys. Both have good casting performance, air-tightness and high mechanical properties. They are suitable for casting parts that require high strength, high working temperature, and good air-tightness. They can also be used as pistons and other parts that require wear resistance, stable size and volume, and good heat transfer performance. Mainly die casting can also be used for sand mold and metal mold casting. Different from Zl108 alloy, the Si content is reduced and the Cu content which plays a role in solid solution strengthening and precipitation hardening is increased. Therefore, its room temperature and high temperature properties are better than Zl108. ZL201 ZL201 has good room temperature and high temperature mechanical properties, average plasticity, average welding and cutting performance, but poor fluidity, tendency to hot crack, and poor corrosion resistance. It is suitable for casting structural parts that work at higher temperatures (200-300°C) or parts that bear large dynamic or static loads at room temperature, as well as parts that work at low temperatures (-70°C). Sand casting is often used. ZL201A this alloy * * The content of impurities Fe and Si is reduced, and it has higher room temperature and high temperature mechanical properties than ZL201. Its cutting and welding properties are good, but its casting properties are poor. It can be used for parts working at 300℃ or parts that bear large dynamic or static loads at normal temperature. Sand casting is often used. ZL202 ZL202 has relatively good casting performance and high high-temperature strength, hardness and wear resistance, but poor corrosion resistance. It is suitable for casting parts with a working temperature of 250℃ and low load, such as cylinder heads, etc. Mainly used sand casting and metal mold casting. ZL203 Because ZL203 reduces the Si content, it has slightly poorer fluidity, greater tendency to hot crack, and poorer corrosion resistance, but it has better high-temperature strength and welding and cutting performance. It is suitable for casting parts with a working temperature below 250°C that bear little load and parts with large loads at normal temperature, such as instrument parts, crankcases, etc. Sand casting and low pressure casting are mostly used. ZL204A This is a high-purity, high-strength cast Al-Cu alloy that also has good plasticity and good welding and cutting performance, but poor casting performance. It is suitable for casting structural parts with large loads, such as support seats, support arms and other parts. Sand casting and low pressure casting are mostly used. ZL205A This is the strongest aluminum alloy in the world. It has good plasticity and corrosion resistance, excellent cutting and welding properties, but poor casting properties. It is suitable for casting structural parts that bear large loads and some parts that do not require high air tightness. Mainly using sand casting, low pressure casting, metal mold casting can also be used. ZL207 ZL207 has high high temperature strength. The casting performance is average, and the welding and cutting performance are also average, but the room temperature strength is not high. Suitable for casting various structural parts working at 400°C. Such as valve housings on aircraft engines and some heat-resistant components in the oil refining industry. Sand casting and low pressure casting are mostly used. ZL209 The tensile strength, yield point, and high-temperature strength of ZL209 alloy are higher than those of ZL201A. The welding and cutting performance are also better, but the casting performance and elongation are worse. It is suitable for casting various components that require wear resistance when working at higher temperatures, such as internal combustion engine parts. Sand casting is mostly used. ZL301 is the most corrosion-resistant variety among the existing aluminum alloys. It has good cutting performance, relatively good welding performance, high strength, and good anodizing performance. However, the casting process is complex and the operation is troublesome, and the castings are prone to defects such as looseness and thermal cracking. It is suitable for casting various parts with large loads in corrosive media such as seawater with an operating temperature of 150°C, such as various components in the casserole of marine ships, pump casings, impellers, frames and other parts in the petroleum industry. Sand casting is often used. ZL303 has better high temperature strength than ZL301, good corrosion resistance (slightly worse than ZL301), superior cutting performance, good welding performance, better casting performance than ZL301, and cannot be heat treated, making the mechanical properties much lower than ZL301. Suitable for casting aerospace engines, missiles, internal combustion engines, chemical pumps, oil pumps, petrochemical gas pump casings, rotors, blades and other parts that bear medium loads in corrosive media such as seawater, chemicals, and gas. Mainly used pressure casting and sand casting. ZL305 Due to the addition of Zn, ZL305 reduces the Mg content. Its casting performance and structural stability after natural aging are better than those of ZL301 and ZL303 alloys, and it has less tendency to form looseness and hot cracking. And because of the addition of two trace elements, Ti and Be, the alloy has good overall properties and strong resistance to stress corrosion, but has poor mechanical properties at high temperatures. It is suitable for casting parts such as aircraft, internal combustion engines, chemical pumps, oil pumps, petrochemical gas pump casings, rotors, blades and other parts that can withstand large loads and work in corrosive media such as seawater, chemicals, and gas below 100°C. Mainly sand casting is used. ZL401 ZL401 has good casting performance, small shrinkage cavity and hot cracking tendency, high mechanical properties, good welding and cutting performance, but has a large specific gravity, low plasticity and poor corrosion resistance. It is mostly used as structural parts in die-casting, molds, templates, and products such as aircraft, internal combustion engines, and vehicles whose operating temperature does not exceed 200°C and which bear medium loads. Mainly pressure casting is used, but also sand mold and metal mold casting are used.