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Safety Device Management System 1 Definitions and Classification 1.1 Definition: All devices installed on machinery and equipment to protect the safety of people and the equipment themselves are referred to as safety protection devices. 1.2 Classification 1.2.1 Detection devices — pressure gauges, vacuum gauges, thermometers, analytical instruments, gas detectors, and alarm devices, etc. 1.2.2 Pressure relief devices — safety valves, rupture discs, breather valves, vent valves, check valves, pressure reducers, vent pipes, etc. 1.2.3 Devices to prevent the spread of fire — flame arresters, water seals, backflow preventers, fire dikes, fire walls, etc. 1.2.4 Emergency handling devices – emergency power shutdown, emergency shut-off valves, emergency drainage, emergency cooling, safety interlock devices, etc. 1.2.5 Protection devices — guards, shields, electrical overload protection devices ； Devices for anti-static protection, lightning protection, noise reduction, heat relief, and ventilation/dust removal ； Limiters, speed controllers, braking devices, etc. 1.2.6 Fire extinguishing devices — fire hydrants, foam fire extinguishing systems, foam guns, etc. 2 Management and Responsibilities 2.1 Various safety protection devices and facilities are managed by the respective responsible departments. 2.1.1 All mechanical, equipment, and electrical safety protection devices are under the responsibility of the Power and Equipment Management Department. 2.1.2 The temperature, pressure, alarm, and safety interlock devices in the process are all under the responsibility of the instrumentation management department. 2.1.3 The fire alarm and fire extinguishing systems in the production areas are under the responsibility of the safety management department. 2.1.4 Various safety protection devices and facilities are to be maintained by the workshops and departments that use them. 2.2 All types of safety protection devices and facilities should be treated on an equal footing with production equipment; operators must understand the structure, principles, as well as methods of use and maintenance of the safety devices and facilities in their respective positions. 2.3 Various safety devices are assigned to dedicated personnel in the respective workshops and departments for management, who are responsible for their regular inspection, maintenance, and upkeep. 2.4 The department responsible for managing various safety devices shall conduct regular professional inspections and calibrations of those devices, and record the results of such inspections and calibrations in the relevant archives. 2.5 Safety devices must not be removed, misused, or left unused arbitrarily; if they are removed for maintenance purposes, they must be restored immediately after the maintenance is completed. 2.6 Safety protection devices and facilities must be put into operation simultaneously with the main unit. In the event of a failure, the workshop department should immediately organize repairs to restore normal operation. 3 Installation and Dismantling 3.1 For new construction, expansion, and renovation projects, safety protection devices and facilities must be installed in accordance with the design requirements. 3.2 Safety protection devices and facilities shall not be misused, discarded, or removed arbitrarily. 3.3 Safety protection devices selected must pass the technical evaluation by the competent authorities before they can be used. 3.4 When it is deemed necessary to remove safety devices and facilities, an application must be submitted, and removal shall only be permitted after approval by the Equipment, Power, and Safety Management Department. 4 Maintenance and Calibration 4.1 Safety protection devices must be calibrated (inspected) and maintained by specialized technical departments and personnel; no one other than the maintenance staff is allowed to disassemble or assemble them arbitrarily. 4.2 The department responsible for managing safety devices shall establish maintenance and calibration records for these safety devices, include them in the equipment management system for assessment purposes, and incorporate them into the equipment maintenance plan. Any issues found should be addressed promptly, and the results of inspections and tests should be recorded in the archives. 4.3 In the event of changes in processes, equipment, or construction conditions that require adjustments to the safety protection devices, such adjustments must be approved by the equipment, power, and safety management departments. 5 Safety Devices 5.1 Safety Valves 5.1.1 Selection and installation – the opening pressure must not exceed that specified in the container’s design ； The exhaust capacity must be greater than the container’s safe discharge volume. 5.1.2 Exhaust vents should be located in a safe position or equipped with vent pipes. 5.1.3 Safety valves shall be inspected regularly, at least once a year. 5.2 Pressure Gauges 5.2.1 The installation, calibration, and maintenance of pressure gauges shall comply with the regulations of the **metrology authorities. 5.2.2 The limit value for the scale markings on the pressure gauge surface should be selected as 1.5 to 3 times the operating pressure; 2 times is the preferred choice. Red lines are marked on the dial to indicate the operating pressure. The dial diameter of the pressure gauge shall be not less than 100 millimeters, and it shall be installed in a location that facilitates observation, stability, and cleaning, while being protected from radiant heat, freezing, and vibrations. 5.2.3 Failure to pass inspection, absence of a lead seal or damage to the lead seal, malfunctioning pressure gauge indicators, unclear markings, broken surface glass, failure of the pointer to return to zero after pressure release, and other defects that affect the accuracy of the pressure gauge. All should be stopped from use and replaced immediately. 5.2.4 Pressure gauges shall be regularly inspected at least once a year, and a lead seal shall be applied after passing the inspection. 5.3 Shrapnel (membrane) 5.3.1 The size and material of the shrapnel shall be selected based on calculations and experiments, with the blasting pressure not exceeding the design pressure of the container. 5.3.2 Replace regularly, at least once a year; blast discs that have not ruptured under overpressure should be replaced immediately. 5.3.3 The installation location must ensure that the pressure in the container is released rapidly when the rupture disc bursts; to prevent damage to people and other equipment during this process, a vent pipe is installed at the discharge outlet. 5.4 Level gauges 5.4.1 There shall be clear indicators showing the highest and lowest safe liquid levels. Glass tube level gauges that are subject to the same working pressure as the container must be equipped with protective devices, and valves shall be installed at both the top and bottom for maintenance, repair, and calibration purposes. 5.4.2 The level gauge should be installed in a location where it is easy to view, with sufficient lighting or brightness ； When observation is inconvenient, a secondary remote transmission instrument should be installed. 5.4.3 Containers for liquids or gases containing flammable or highly toxic substances shall be equipped with plate glass level gauges or automatic level indicator gauges, and such indicators must have leak prevention devices. 5.5 Thermometers 5.5.1 They should be installed in a position where they can remain stable, or remote transducer-type secondary instruments should be used; the temperature of the medium being measured should be taken at a point that is representative. 5.5.2 Proper maintenance must be carried out, and the thermometer must pass regular calibration before it can be used; a thermometer that is malfunctioning or damaged must not be used. 5.5.3 The instruments used to measure temperature must also be calibrated regularly. 5.6 Alarm Devices When temperatures, pressures, liquid levels, and other process conditions exceed the acceptable limits and pose a threat to safe production, alarm devices should be installed to issue alerts promptly, enabling rapid action to prevent accidents. 5.7 Inlet and outlet valves 5.7.1 The inlet valve should be designed to allow for easy separation from other connected pipelines at any time during operation, thereby preventing overpressure and ensuring safety. 5.7.2 The outlet valve facilitates the removal of internal material and pressure relief when necessary. 5.8 Static electricity protection devices 5.8.1 Static electricity grounding and fire protection devices shall be installed at all locations where equipment, pipelines, etc. may generate static electricity. 5.8.2 The static electricity grounding resistance should be checked regularly and must not exceed 10 ohms. 5.8.3 When the medium is a poor conductor, such as benzene, xylene, gasoline, tetrahydrocarbon, etc., pipes and equipment made of plastics, rubber, glass, and similar materials shall not be used. When it is necessary to use plastic or rubber glass tubing for short-distance connections, copper braid with good electrical conductivity is inserted into the tube to ensure reliable grounding and the dissipation of static electricity. 5.9 Lightning Protection 5.9.1 The installation of lightning protection devices shall be designed and installed in accordance with the requirements specified in the \"Code for Design of Oil Depots\" (GBJ74-84). 5.9.2 Regularly inspect the lightning protection facilities; the grounding resistance should not exceed 10 ohms, and records must be kept. If these requirements are not met, they must be addressed immediately.