Guidelines for the Use of Personal Protective Equipment

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Safety helmet: Wearing a safety helmet is mainly to protect the head from injury. It can protect a person’s head from injury or reduce the severity of head injuries in the following situations. 1. When an object that flies in or falls hits the head ； 2. When a worker falls from a height of 2 meters or more ； 3. When there is a risk of electric shock to the head ； 4. When walking or working in low areas where the head may collide with sharp or hard objects. Safety helmets must be worn in accordance with standards, and their use must comply with regulations. If it is not worn and used correctly, it will not provide adequate protection. Generally, the following points should be noted: 1. Before wearing a safety helmet, adjust the strap at the back of the helmet to a position suitable for your head shape, and then fasten the elastic band inside the helmet. The tightness of the cushioning pad is adjusted by a strap; the vertical distance between the top of a person’s head and the upper interior surface of the helmet is generally between 25 and 50 mm, with at least 32 mm being the minimum recommended value. This ensures that when subjected to impact, the helmet has sufficient space for cushioning, and it also facilitates ventilation between the head and the helmet in normal conditions. 2. Do not wear the safety helmet at an angle, nor should the brim be placed behind the head. Otherwise, it will reduce the helmet’s protection against impacts. 3. The lower strap of the safety helmet must be fastened under the chin and secured properly, with an appropriate level of tightness. This prevents it from being blown away by strong winds, or knocked off by other obstacles, or falling off due to the forward and backward movement of the head. 4. In addition to having a lining installed inside the helmet body, the top of the safety helmet also has small holes for ventilation in some models. But when in use, do not make additional holes just for ventilation. Because doing so will reduce the strength of the cap body. 5. Safety helmets gradually become damaged over time as they are used. Therefore, regular inspections are necessary to check for cracks, dents, fissures, and wear. Any abnormalities found must be replaced immediately, and the item should not be used any longer. Any safety helmet that has suffered a heavy impact or has cracks, regardless of whether there are visible damages or not, should be discarded. 6. It is strictly prohibited to use safety helmets that are connected only by a chin strap to the helmet shell, that is, safety helmets without a cushioning layer inside. 7. During work on site, construction workers must not remove their safety helmets, set them aside, or use them as seat cushions. 8. Since most safety helmets are made of high-density low-pressure polyethylene plastic, they have the tendency to harden and deteriorate over time. Therefore, it should not be exposed to the sun for long periods of time. 9. For a newly purchased safety helmet, first check whether there is a certificate permitting its production issued by the labor department as well as a product qualification certificate; then examine whether it is damaged or has uneven thickness, and whether the cushioning layer, adjustment straps, and elastic straps are present and in good condition. Those that do not meet the specified requirements must be replaced immediately. 10. Safety helmets must also be worn when working indoors at the site, especially during electrical work inside buildings; it is essential to wear them properly, as safety helmets not only prevent collisions but also provide insulation. 11. When using a safety helmet in daily life, it should be kept clean, kept away from sources of fire, not painted arbitrarily, and not used as a stool to prevent it from being lost. If lost or damaged, it must be reissued or replaced immediately. No one is allowed to enter the construction site without a safety helmet. Safety belts for work at heights, and for tasks involving overlapping or intersecting activities. To prevent workers from falling at a certain height and position, they must wear safety belts when ascending to heights and working at elevated locations. The use and maintenance of seat belts require the following guidelines: 1. Before using a seat belt, check whether the strap is damaged, whether the clasp has any cracks, and whether the clasp retains good elasticity. 2. For work at heights where there is no suitable place to attach a safety belt, a steel wire rope of appropriate strength or other methods should be used. It is prohibited to attach the seat belt to moving objects, those with sharp edges or corners, or unstable items. 3. Use high-quality items for low-level purposes. Hanging the safety belt at a high position while working below it is called \"high hanging, low use\". This is a relatively safe and reasonable way to assign departments in science. It can reduce the actual impact distance in the event of a fall. In contrast, it is used for low hanging heights. It means the safety belt is attached at a low position, while the person works above it. This is a very unsafe method of anchoring, as when a fall occurs, the actual distance over which the impact takes place increases, resulting in greater impact forces on both the person and the rope. Therefore, the seat belt must be worn high and low, and wearing it low and high must be avoided. 4. The safety belt must be fastened to a secure component or object to prevent swinging or collisions; the rope should not be knotted, and the hook must be attached to the connection ring. 5. The seat belt strap cover must remain intact to prevent the strap from wearing out. If the protective cover is found to be damaged or detached, a new one must be installed before use. 6. It is strictly prohibited to extend seat belts without permission for use. When using a rope 3m or longer, a buffer must be installed, and no components shall be removed arbitrarily. 7. Before using the seat belt, check all its parts to ensure they are in good condition. After use, the seat belt should be properly maintained and stored. The sewn part and hook part of the seat belt should be checked regularly, and it is necessary to thoroughly inspect for any breaks or damage in the twisted wires. 8. When not in use, safety belts should be stored properly; they must not be exposed to high temperatures, open flames, strong acids, strong bases, or sharp objects, and should not be kept in humid warehouses. 9. The seat belt should be inspected once after two years of use; in cases of frequent use, regular visual checks should be carried out, and it must be replaced immediately if any abnormalities are detected. Safety belts that have been used in regular or sample tests must not be used any further. Filter-type gas mask 1. A filter-type gas mask can only be used when the concentration of toxic gases in the air is 18%. 2. Various filter-type gas masks should be used for their specific purposes only; different types of filter canisters are designed to protect against only the corresponding toxic gases, and misuse must be avoided. 3. When using a filtered gas mask, it is essential to strictly follow the procedure of opening it first, checking it second, and then putting it on. 1. Open: Remove the rubber stopper at the bottom of the gas-filtering pot ； Second check: Inspect the gas filter canister; the mask is free of defects ； Three wears: Wear the mask to ensure smooth breathing; only use it after confirming it is in good condition. 4. If you experience difficulty breathing or feel unwell while using it, you should immediately leave the toxic area and replace the mask. It is strictly forbidden to remove the mask in the toxic area. 5. Filter-type gas masks issued for individual use or common use should be carried with the user at work, and locked in cabinets for storage after work is over. 6. Filter-type gas masks are prohibited from being used in enclosed equipment such as towers and tanks. Protective shoes  Prevent injury from falling objects or punctures. If objects that have fallen from a height, as well as nails and sharp items, are scattered on the ground, they can cause injuries from being struck or punctured.  Prevent damage from high and low temperatures. In industries such as the chemical industry, not only is the ambient temperature high, but there is also intense radiant heat that scalds the feet; hot materials can splash onto the soles of the feet or fall into the shoes, causing burns. On the other hand, working outdoors in winter can lead to frostbite.  Prevent damage from acidic and alkaline chemicals. When coming into contact with acidic or alkaline chemicals during work, accidents such as acid or alkali burns to the feet can occur.  Prevent electric shock injuries. Electric shock injuries occur when coming into contact with live electrical parts during work.  Prevent static electricity damage. The harm caused by static electricity to the human body mainly consists of psychological disorders, fear, and secondary accidents such as falls from heights. Insulated shoes (boots) Insulated shoes should be selected appropriately based on the voltage level of the workplace. Low-voltage insulated shoes must not be used as safety accessories around high-voltage electrical equipment, while high-voltage insulated shoes (boots) can be used as safety accessories for both high-voltage and low-voltage electrical equipment. However, whether wearing low-voltage or high-voltage insulating shoes (boots) or not, one must not touch electrical equipment with bare hands.  When wearing insulating boots, pull the pant legs into the boot shafts. When wearing insulating shoes, the pant legs should not reach the height of the outer edge of the shoe sole, let alone the ground, to keep the fabric part dry.  It has a rubber base that is not resistant to acids and alkalis; it should not come into contact with such substances, and protection is needed to prevent it from being damaged by sharp objects. Low-voltage insulating shoes cannot be used as insulating footwear if the tread pattern is worn down and the underlying color becomes visible.  Acid and alkali resistant shoes (boots)  Acid and alkali resistant leather shoes can only be used in work environments with relatively low concentrations of acids and alkalis; they should not be immersed in such solutions for extended periods of time, to prevent the acids and alkalis from penetrating the shoes and causing damage to the feet.  Acid- and alkali-resistant plastic boots and rubber boots should be kept away from high temperatures and sharp objects, as these can damage the upper or soles of the boots, leading to leaks and a reduction in their protective capabilities.  After wearing acid- and alkali-resistant plastic boots or rubber boots, rinse the boots with clean water to remove any acid or alkali residues, then let them dry in a cool place. Avoid direct exposure to sunlight to prevent the plastic and rubber from aging and becoming brittle, which could affect their service life. Safety glasses: Particles and debris, sparks and heat streams, intense light, and smoke can all cause damage to the eyes. Prevents flying debris such as metal fragments or shavings, dust, grit, and concrete chips from hitting the eyes. Protective glasses are necessary for tasks such as metal cutting, concrete chiseling, and using hand-held grinders. Protective gloves: In on-site work, most tasks are carried out with both hands. This means that the hands are often in danger. The opponent’s protection mainly relies on gloves. But for tasks that require fine adjustment. Wearing protective gloves makes operation difficult, especially for those working near drilling machines, milling machines, conveyors, and areas where there is a risk of entanglement; wearing gloves exposes them to the danger of being caught or trapped by machinery. Therefore, those performing these tasks are strictly prohibited from using protective gloves. 1. Labor protection gloves. They have the function of protecting the hands, and workers generally use this type of glove while at work. 2. Insulating gloves for live work. Select appropriate gloves based on the voltage, and check the surface for any defects such as cracks, stickiness, or brittleness; use them only if there are no abnormalities. 3. Acid- and alkali-resistant gloves. Mainly used for gloves worn when in contact with acids and bases. 4. Oil-resistant rubber gloves. Gloves mainly used when handling various solvents that come into contact with mineral oils, vegetable oils, and fat clusters. 5. Welder’s gloves. Protective gloves to be worn during electrical and welding work should be inspected for any defects such as stiffness, thinness, or holes in the leather or canvas surface; if any defects are present, they must not be used. The gloves should be long enough so that the wrists are not exposed.