What are the types of ordinary bolts?

Serial Number Product Name Standard Number Type Specification Range Product Grade Thread Tolerance Mechanical Properties Surface Treatment
1 Double-headed stud —bm=1d GB897—88 Type A, Type B M5-M48 B 6g Steel: 4.8, 5.8, 6.8, 8.8, 10.9, 12.9 ① Unprocessed ② Oxidized ③ Galvanized and purified Stainless steel: A2—50, A2—70 Unprocessed
2 Double-headed stud —bm=1.25d* GB898—88 Type A, Type B M5-M48 B 6g Steel: 4.8, 5.8, 6.8, 8.8, 10.9, 12.9 ① Unprocessed ② Oxidized ③ Galvanized and purified Stainless steel: A2—50, A2—70 Unprocessed
3 Double-headed stud —bm=1.5d GB899—88 Type A, Type B M5-M48 B 6g Steel: 4.8, 5.8, 6.8, 8.8, 10.9, 12.9 ① Unprocessed ② Oxidized ③ Galvanized and purified Stainless steel: A2—50, A2—70 Unprocessed
4 Double-headed stud —bm=2d GB900—88 Type A, Type B M2-M48 B 6g Steel: 4.8, 5.8, 6.8, 8.8, 10.9, 12.9 ① Unprocessed ② Oxidized ③ Galvanized and purified Stainless steel: A2—50, A2—70 Unprocessed
5 Equal-length double-headed stud —Grade B* GB901—88 Type A, Type B M2-M56 B 6g Steel: 4.8, 5.8, 6.8, 8.8, 10.9, 12.9 ① Unprocessed ② Galvanized and purified Stainless steel: A2—50, A2—70 Unprocessed
6 Equal-length double-headed stud —Grade C* GB953—88 Type A, Type B M8-M48 C 8g Steel: 4.8, 6.8, 8.8 ① Unprocessed ② Galvanized and purified
7 Welding stud for manual welding* GB902.1—88 Type A, Type B M3-M20 6g Steel: 4.8 ① Unprocessed ② Galvanized and purified
8 Welding stud for mechanical arc welding* GB902.2—88 Type A, Type B M3-M20 6g Steel: 4.8 ① Unprocessed ② Copper-plated ③ Galvanized and purified
9 Welding stud for energy storage welding* GB902.3—88 Type A, Type B M3-M12 6g Steel: 4.8 ① Unprocessed ② Copper-plated ③ Galvanized and purified
Note: 1. Products marked with * are commercial fastener types and should be given priority in selection. 　　2. The threads used on double-start threads (GB897–900—88) are generally coarse-thread regular threads; however, fine-thread regular threads or transition-fit threads (in accordance with GB1167 standards) can also be used as needed. 　　3. Equal-length double-headed studs—Grade B; they can be manufactured from materials such as 30Cr, 40Cr, 30CrMnSi, 35CrMoA, 40MnA, or 40B as required, with their properties determined by agreement between the supplier and the buyer. 　　4. The chemical composition of the material for welding studs shall comply with the requirements of GB30981.1; however, its maximum carbon content shall not exceed 0.20%, and it shall not be made of free-cutting steel.

Types and uses of ordinary bolts Ordinary bolts are one of the common fasteners used in steel structures; they are employed to connect and secure components within a steel structure, or to fix the steel structure to a foundation, thereby forming a unified whole. Common ordinary bolts include hex bolts, double-headed bolts, and foot bolts, etc. Their uses and classifications are as follows: 1. Hex bolts are divided into large hex heads and regular hex heads based on the size of the bearing surface on their heads and the dimensions of their installation location ； Based on manufacturing quality and product grade, it is divided into three types: A, B, and C. Grade A bolts are commonly known as precision bolts, while Grade B bolts are semi-precision bolts. Classes A and B are suitable for the installation of modular structures or important structures where the connection points need to withstand large shear forces. Class C bolts are commonly known as rough-cut bolts, and they are formed by pressing unfinished round bars. Suitable for temporary fixing in steel structure installation, or to bear only the frictional force between steel plates. For critical connections, when using coarse bolts, special supports (braces or shear plates) must be added to withstand the shear forces. 2. Double-headed bolts are generally also referred to as studs. It is commonly used to connect thick plates and in situations where hex bolt connections are not feasible, such as in concrete roof trusses, roof beam suspension systems, and single-track beam hangers. 3. Foot bolts are divided into ordinary foot bolts, right-angled foot bolts, hammer-head bolts, and anchor foot bolts. Generally, foot bolts and right-angled foot bolts are embedded in the concrete foundation during its casting to secure steel columns. A hammer head bolt is a special type of foundation bolt; generally, during the pouring of the concrete foundation, a specially designed form box (anchoring plate) is embedded in the foundation to secure the steel column. An anchored anchor bolt is a type of anchor bolt that is fixed by pouring concrete after drilling holes in a pre-existing concrete foundation.

Let’s discuss the classification and use of bolts abroad, and compare them with those used in China! Thank you!

I need the drawings for the anchor bolts that are used frequently. Do you have them?