What college students must know about their salary, benefits and taxes

Thread Content

As a graduate, it is necessary to understand the situation of salary, benefits and taxes. When signing a contract, many companies will use some number games to mislead everyone's understanding. For example, whether wages are calculated before or after tax, and some subsidies. I am here as a summary, I hope it will be helpful to everyone. Remuneration packages mainly include: Salaries, bonuses, subsidies, benefits, stocks (equities), insurance, provident funds. salary: How many months will you be paid before tax and after tax? Is there a double salary bonus at the end of the year?: (The bonus will be included in the monthly salary, and after accumulation, tax will be deducted according to the personal income tax calculation method. Same goes for year-end double salary) Quarterly bonus Year-end bonus Project bonus The amount of the bonus (minimum amount) is specified Subsidy: Communication subsidy Housing subsidy Food subsidy Welfare: Holiday expenses, heatstroke prevention and cooling expenses, heating expenses, shopping coupons, movie tickets, daily necessities (laundry tickets), fitness card stocks: (Companies that are about to go public are more likely to offer stocks) Insurance, Provident Fund: That is often referred to as "five insurances and one housing fund". (1) Five insurances: Pension insurance, medical insurance, unemployment insurance, personal accident insurance, maternity insurance (2) one fund: Pay attention to the housing provident fund, clarify the payment base, whether to provide supplementary medical care, supplementary pension, supplementary accident insurance, interest-free housing loans, affordable housing and other overtime pay. Regulations on the four funds in Shanghai: 1. Definition of payment base for the four funds: Generally, the base number of the four funds is the salary of the current month. However, if the salary is very high (for example, more than three times the average monthly salary in your city in the previous year), then the base number is the top. And if the salary is particularly low (for example, less than 60% of the average monthly salary in your city in the previous year), the base number will also be capped. According to the relevant regulations on urban social insurance in this city, Shanghai will adjust the base of social insurance premiums paid in 2008 in April this year. Determination of the social insurance payment base in 2008 1. The personal payment base in 2008 is determined based on the employee’s average monthly salary income in 2007 (that is, all pre-tax cash income: Basic salary, overtime pay, various allowances and bonuses, year-end bonus, etc.). The upper and lower limits of the individual payment base are determined based on 300% and 60% of the city's average monthly wages of employees in 2007 announced by the city, and the individual portion is divided into different parts. 2. In 2007, the average annual salary of employees in Shanghai was 34,707 yuan, and the average monthly salary was 2,892 yuan. The upper limit of the employee social insurance payment base in 2008 is 300% of the city's average monthly salary of employees in the previous year, or 8,676 yuan, and the lower limit is 60% of the city's average monthly salary of employees in the previous year, or 1,735 yuan. 2. Proportions of payment of the four funds: Four gold payment ratios: Part of the pension insurance paid by the individual and part paid by the company = base × 8% + base × 22.5% Medical insurance = base × 2% + base × 12% Unemployment insurance = base × 1% + base × 2% Housing provident fund = base × 7% + base × 7% The part paid by individuals is the left part, that is, 8% + 2% + 1% + 7% = 18% of the base. The remaining part on the right is paid by the company, and the total is 22.5% + 12% + 2% + 7% = 43.5% of the base. In other words, the salary after deducting the four allowances is: X = worker's salary - base × 18%, (the income tax will be calculated below based on the salary X after deducting the four funds). The total funds paid by the unit are: Y = worker’s salary + base × 43.5%. 3. Calculation method of personal income tax: Amount to be paid x = salary – base amount of four funds * 18% -2000 (Shanghai tax payment starting point is 2008.3.1) 1-500 yuan, the tax deduction rate is 5% ； 500-2000 yuan, tax deduction rate is 10% ； 2000-5000 yuan, the deduction rate is 15% 5000-20000 yuan, the deduction rate is 20% Pay attention to segmented tax deduction, that is, if x=4000, then the personal income tax to be paid=500 * 5% 1500 * 10% 2000 * 15%= 475 4. Bonus calculation method: The bonus will be included in the monthly salary, and tax will be deducted according to method 3 after accumulation. The same goes for year-end double pay. According to this method, if the pre-tax salary is 5,000, after deducting the four gold payments, it will be: X=5000-5000 * 18%=4100 that personal income tax: Tax base X=5000-5000 * 18%-1600=2500 tax amount T=500 * 5%+1500 * 10%+500 * 15%=25+150+75=250 The cash on hand is: C=4100-250=3850 Specific calculation, reprinted in this article: The more you pay in social security, the more you will lose. I didn’t know much about social security before, and I always thought that the more you pay, the better, because if you pay more, the company will pay more accordingly. But in the past two days, I have carefully studied the social security policy, and I was really surprised. I found that this is not the case at all. In a sense, the more you pay, the more you lose. Taking Shanghai as an example, the upper limit of social security base is three times the average salary of the previous year, which was 2235 in 2006. * 3=6705 yuan. Assuming your salary is 8000 yuan, social security will be paid based on 6705 yuan. The first is pension insurance. This amount is the largest, 8% for individuals, or 536 yuan, and 22% for units, or 1,475 yuan. But please note that none of the money paid by the unit will go into your personal account! All used for social planning. So how do you get your pension when you get old? I checked this online, but I couldn't find a clear official document explaining it. A more common saying is that after 15 years of accumulated pension insurance contributions and reaching the statutory retirement age, you can receive pensions on a monthly basis. Pension amount = basic pension + personal account pension = average monthly salary of employees in the city in the year before retirement × 20% + personal account ÷ 120. This is equivalent to that, except for the different personal accounts, everyone receives the same basic pension. So obviously the more you pay now, the more you will lose, because your personal account is actually the money you pay yourself, and it is the same if you don't pay social security and deposit it in the bank. But the part that the company pays for you is completely replaced. * * Make a contribution, the more you contribute, the more you contribute. No wonder many companies set their basic salaries very low and increase bonuses and subsidies so that the saved insurance can be given to individuals as benefits. At the same time, there will be no difference in the pension insurance benefits you enjoy. Let’s talk about medical insurance, 2% for individuals, 134 yuan, and 12%, 804 yuan for units. Similarly, only what you pay by yourself goes into your personal account, and everything paid by your employer is pooled. The reimbursement policy of medical insurance is: For outpatient services, payment will be made from the funds in the personal account first, and after the funds in the account are used up, the payment will be borne by the individual. To put it bluntly, you won’t be reimbursed a penny, and you can only go to designated hospitals and use designated medicines! For hospitalization, there is a minimum payment standard, which seems to be more than 2,000. Below this standard, the payment is from the personal account. If the personal account is insufficient, you have to pay in cash. That is, if you pay more than 2,000, you should pay it all by yourself. If the payment exceeds the minimum payment standard and is less than the maximum limit of medical insurance, 85% will be paid by the unified fund. This standard is also unified by everyone, and it has nothing to do with how much you pay. Like pension insurance, the part of medical insurance paid by the company is * * It's "robbing the rich and giving to the poor" and it has nothing to do with you. Secondly, unemployment insurance is 1% for individuals and 2% for units, which adds up to 200. This is really useless at all. You can’t get it anyway, even if you are really unemployed. Finally, there is the housing provident fund, 7% for individuals and 7% for units, a total of 938. This is all yours, but in the final analysis, it is actually your own money. * * No benefits were invested. Calculating this way, the company will pay you 1475+804+134+469=2882 yuan in addition to the salary of 8000 yuan, which is equivalent to the actual payment of 10882 yuan for you every month, and what do you actually get? First of all, the salary after deducting social security is 8000-536-134-67-469=6793 yuan. From this 6793 yuan, a tax of 663 yuan is deducted, and the cash received is 6129 yuan. Taking into account the total pension insurance, medical insurance and provident fund paid by the company and individuals in your personal account, your actual monthly income is 6129+536+134+938=7737 yuan. Let's assume that in another situation, this company has the same budget for you every month, that is, it also pays you 10,882 yuan. However, it sets the basic salary very low. According to the lower limit of social security base stipulated in Shanghai (60% of the average monthly salary, that is, 2235 * 0.6=1341 yuan) will be paid to you, and the remaining money will be paid to you in the form of bonuses and subsidies. In this way, the social security the company needs to pay is: 295.+160.9+26.8+94=577 yuan. You personally pay 107.2+26.8+13.4+94=242 yuan. After deducting the four gold payments, you will still have a salary of 1,099 yuan (which has not yet reached the threshold for personal income tax). The subsidy the company can give you is 10882-1341-577=8694 yuan, so your subsidy plus salary after deducting social security will be: 8694+1099=9793 yuan. After deducting the income tax of 1263 yuan from this 9793 yuan (as far as I know, many companies can also avoid tax on such benefits and subsidies, let’s count this for now. After all, paying taxes is the obligation of every citizen), the remaining 8530 yuan is the cash you get. Including the insurance and provident fund of personal accounts, the actual monthly income is 8530+107+27+198=8862 yuan. Compared with the above situation, the company paid you 10,882 yuan, but the cash you received was 8530-6129=2338 yuan more, and the actual income was 8862-7737=1125 yuan more. And the basic pension and medical insurance pooling fund you enjoy * * The benefits are the same! It must be said that this is a very unfair and reasonable system. Social security should at least guarantee "high investment and high welfare", but in fact, the less you pay, the higher the benefits you can obtain. I don’t know whose sorrow this should be. To avoid misunderstanding, please note: The premise of this article is that the company's monthly payment budget for you is the same (i.e. 10,882 yuan). Using a lower payment base actually means turning the difference in social security payments into your actual income.