Do any of you have information on coal tar processing plans?
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If any senior colleague has information on coal tar processing methods, please feel free to share it. Thank you very much!
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Comparison of Deep Processing Schemes for Coal Tar I. Coal tar is classified into high-temperature, medium-temperature, and low-temperature coal tar based on the coking or gasification temperature. Due to the shortage of crude oil and its rising prices, further processing of coal tar has gained increasing attention, and coal tar holds promise as one of the important alternatives to crude oil. The shortcut to coal refining technology is the advanced processing of coal tar. Direct liquefaction and indirect liquefaction technologies require high investment and lengthy processes, resulting in poor economic efficiency for industrial production. Currently, the main technical approaches for the deep processing of coal tar are as follows: 1. Extracting chemical products such as benzene, phenol, naphthalene, anthracene, and pyridine from the light fractions of coal tar at temperatures below 350°C, while using coal tar pitch at temperatures above 350°C as a component to modify conventional road asphalt. 2. The light fractions of coal tar with a temperature below 350°C are refined using acid-base or adsorption methods, and then blended with ordinary heavy diesel or fuel oil. An appropriate amount of methanol can also be added to increase the total yield of light oil. Coal tar pitch is blended with ordinary road asphalt. 3. Hydroprocessing of light or full fractions of coal tar at temperatures below 350°C yields high-quality components for blending into gasoline and diesel, as well as high-quality fuel oils; coal tar pitch can be used to blend heavy fuel oils or to produce carbon materials. II. The following is a detailed comparison of the above technical solutions in the table below:
Solution 1 Solution 2 Solution 3
Processing duration Long Longer Short
Capital investment High Low High
Utilization rate of light fractions High Low High
Impurity removal rate Low Higher High
Pollution during processing High Higher Almost none
Operating costs High Low High
Consumption of auxiliary materials High Higher Low
Product price High Low High
Pollution caused by product use High Higher Low
Estimated service life of the process Long Short Long
Environmental pollution Severe Moderately severe Meets environmental standards
Sustainability Poor Poor Good
III. **There are standards for gasoline and diesel fuels**
Appendix 1 – Specifications and actual quality of automotive gasoline
Name: Marine fuel oil (residue type), Heavy diesel oil
Test method standards: Standard grade specifications
RMD15: 120; RME25: 180; RMG35: 380
Grade 20 (≈DMC, DMO): Kinematic viscosity at 100°C, mm²/s ≤ 15.0, 25.0, 35.0; 20.5 (at 50°C). Standards: GB/T265, GB/T11137, ISO 3104
Kinematic viscosity at 50°C, mm²/s ≤ 120, 180, 380
Raymond viscosity at 37.8°C ≤ 800, 950, 2000; 1600, 3800, 3600
Flash point (closed cup), °C ≥ 60, 60, 60, 65. Standards: GB/T 261, ISO 2719
Pour point, °C ≤ 30, 30, 30, 23. Standard: GB/T 3535, ISO 3016
Residual carbon, Coulson weight%, ≤ 14, 15, 18; 0.5. Standard: GB/T 268, ISO 6615
Ash content, weight%, ≤ 0.10, 0.10, 0.15; 0.06. Standard: GB/T 508, ISO 6245
Water content, weight%, ≤ 0.80, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0. Standard: GB/T 260, ISO 3733
Mechanical impurities, weight%, ≤ 0.10, 0.10, 0.10, 0.10 (GB/T511); Standard: ISO 10307-2
Density, kg/m³: 0.985, 0.991, 0.991; Measured value: GB/T 1884, ISO 3765, ISO 821(6.2)
Sulfur content, weight%, ≤ 3.5, 3.5, 3.5; 0.5 (GB/T 387). Standard: GB/T 11140, ISO 8754
Marine fuel oil is formulated from heavy oil and light distillates. It is an excellent fuel with high calorific value, good combustion performance, stable storage properties, low corrosiveness, and wide applicability. It is the most economical and ideal fuel for high-power as well as medium and low-speed marine diesel engines. It can also be used as fuel for boilers with small and medium-sized burners. The main specifications are as follows: Marine fuel oil of type RMD15-120 – with a Raymond viscosity of around 1000 seconds at 100°F; it is primarily used in diesel engines for high-power medium and low-speed ships. Marine fuel oil RME25-180 – with a Raymond viscosity of around 1500 seconds at 100°F, mainly used in diesel engines for high-horsepower, low-speed vessels. Marine fuel oil RMG35-380 – with a Rayburn viscosity of around 3000 seconds at 100°F, mainly used for diesel engines in high-power, low-speed ships. Marine diesel and heavy diesel are distillate fuels characterized by low corrosivity and good combustion properties. It is a high-quality fuel for medium-horsepower, medium-speed marine diesel engines; heavy diesel can also be used in high-horsepower, medium and low-speed marine diesel engines. Light diesel is a type of fuel derived from light fractions, featuring a high cetane number, low corrosivity, good combustion properties, volatility, flowability at low temperatures, and storage stability. It is the best fuel for high-speed diesel engines, and can also be used in medium-horsepower medium-speed marine diesel engines. Compiled by “Emulsified Fuel Network” on 10/05/2002: Quality Standards for Road Petroleum Asphalts (Road Asphalts)
Item | Quality Index | Testing Method
100 Grade A | 100 Grade B | 60 Grade A | 60 Grade B
Penetration (25°C, 100g, 5s) | 1/10 mm | Needle Penetration | 91–120 | 81–120 | 51–80 | 41–80 | GB/T 4509
Extension (25°C, 5cm/min) | cm (minimum value) | Extension | 90 | 60 | 70 | 40 | GB/T 4508
Softening Point (Ring Method), °C | Minimum value | Softening Point | 42–52 | 42–52 | 45–55 | 45–55 | GB/T 4507
Solubility (trichloroethylene, trichloromethane, carbon tetrachloride or benzene) | % (minimum value) | Solubility | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | GB/T 11148
Needle Penetration Ratio after Evaporation | % (minimum value) | Needle Penetration Ratio after Evaporation | 65 | 65 | 70 | 70
Flash Point, °C | Minimum value | Flash Point | 230 | 230 | 230 | 230 | GB/T 267
Evaporation Loss (163°C, 5H) | % (maximum value) | Evaporation Loss | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | GB/T 11964
Solution 1 Solution 2 Solution 3
Processing duration Long Longer Short
Capital investment High Low High
Utilization rate of light fractions High Low High
Impurity removal rate Low Higher High
Pollution during processing High Higher Almost none
Operating costs High Low High
Consumption of auxiliary materials High Higher Low
Product price High Low High
Pollution caused by product use High Higher Low
Estimated service life of the process Long Short Long
Environmental pollution Severe Moderately severe Meets environmental standards
Sustainability Poor Poor Good
III. **There are standards for gasoline and diesel fuels**
Appendix 1 – Specifications and actual quality of automotive gasoline
Name: Marine fuel oil (residue type), Heavy diesel oil
Test method standards: Standard grade specifications
RMD15: 120; RME25: 180; RMG35: 380
Grade 20 (≈DMC, DMO): Kinematic viscosity at 100°C, mm²/s ≤ 15.0, 25.0, 35.0; 20.5 (at 50°C). Standards: GB/T265, GB/T11137, ISO 3104
Kinematic viscosity at 50°C, mm²/s ≤ 120, 180, 380
Raymond viscosity at 37.8°C ≤ 800, 950, 2000; 1600, 3800, 3600
Flash point (closed cup), °C ≥ 60, 60, 60, 65. Standards: GB/T 261, ISO 2719
Pour point, °C ≤ 30, 30, 30, 23. Standard: GB/T 3535, ISO 3016
Residual carbon, Coulson weight%, ≤ 14, 15, 18; 0.5. Standard: GB/T 268, ISO 6615
Ash content, weight%, ≤ 0.10, 0.10, 0.15; 0.06. Standard: GB/T 508, ISO 6245
Water content, weight%, ≤ 0.80, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0. Standard: GB/T 260, ISO 3733
Mechanical impurities, weight%, ≤ 0.10, 0.10, 0.10, 0.10 (GB/T511); Standard: ISO 10307-2
Density, kg/m³: 0.985, 0.991, 0.991; Measured value: GB/T 1884, ISO 3765, ISO 821(6.2)
Sulfur content, weight%, ≤ 3.5, 3.5, 3.5; 0.5 (GB/T 387). Standard: GB/T 11140, ISO 8754
Marine fuel oil is formulated from heavy oil and light distillates. It is an excellent fuel with high calorific value, good combustion performance, stable storage properties, low corrosiveness, and wide applicability. It is the most economical and ideal fuel for high-power as well as medium and low-speed marine diesel engines. It can also be used as fuel for boilers with small and medium-sized burners. The main specifications are as follows: Marine fuel oil of type RMD15-120 – with a Raymond viscosity of around 1000 seconds at 100°F; it is primarily used in diesel engines for high-power medium and low-speed ships. Marine fuel oil RME25-180 – with a Raymond viscosity of around 1500 seconds at 100°F, mainly used in diesel engines for high-horsepower, low-speed vessels. Marine fuel oil RMG35-380 – with a Rayburn viscosity of around 3000 seconds at 100°F, mainly used for diesel engines in high-power, low-speed ships. Marine diesel and heavy diesel are distillate fuels characterized by low corrosivity and good combustion properties. It is a high-quality fuel for medium-horsepower, medium-speed marine diesel engines; heavy diesel can also be used in high-horsepower, medium and low-speed marine diesel engines. Light diesel is a type of fuel derived from light fractions, featuring a high cetane number, low corrosivity, good combustion properties, volatility, flowability at low temperatures, and storage stability. It is the best fuel for high-speed diesel engines, and can also be used in medium-horsepower medium-speed marine diesel engines. Compiled by “Emulsified Fuel Network” on 10/05/2002: Quality Standards for Road Petroleum Asphalts (Road Asphalts)
Item | Quality Index | Testing Method
100 Grade A | 100 Grade B | 60 Grade A | 60 Grade B
Penetration (25°C, 100g, 5s) | 1/10 mm | Needle Penetration | 91–120 | 81–120 | 51–80 | 41–80 | GB/T 4509
Extension (25°C, 5cm/min) | cm (minimum value) | Extension | 90 | 60 | 70 | 40 | GB/T 4508
Softening Point (Ring Method), °C | Minimum value | Softening Point | 42–52 | 42–52 | 45–55 | 45–55 | GB/T 4507
Solubility (trichloroethylene, trichloromethane, carbon tetrachloride or benzene) | % (minimum value) | Solubility | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | GB/T 11148
Needle Penetration Ratio after Evaporation | % (minimum value) | Needle Penetration Ratio after Evaporation | 65 | 65 | 70 | 70
Flash Point, °C | Minimum value | Flash Point | 230 | 230 | 230 | 230 | GB/T 267
Evaporation Loss (163°C, 5H) | % (maximum value) | Evaporation Loss | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | GB/T 11964