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This post was last edited by jordan569 on 2013-1-6 22:31. What is the relationship between ethylbenzene, diethylbenzene, pure benzene, and styrene? . Note $ # , $ $
Ethylbenzene: Molecular formula: C8H10; Molecular weight: 106.16. Appearance and properties: Colorless liquid with an aromatic odor. Upper explosion limit (%V/V): 6.7 Lower explosion limit (%V/V): 1.0 Main uses: Used in organic synthesis and as a solvent. Health hazards: This product is highly irritating to the skin and mucous membranes, and high concentrations can have **effects. Acute poisoning: Mild poisoning is characterized by dizziness, headache, nausea, vomiting, unsteady gait, mild disturbance of consciousness, and irritation symptoms of the eyes and upper respiratory tract. In severe cases, coma, convulsions, low blood pressure, and respiratory and circulatory failure occur. Liver damage may occur. Direct inhalation of this liquid can cause chemical pneumonia and pulmonary edema. Chronic effects: irritation symptoms of the eyes and upper respiratory tract, neurasthenia syndrome. The skin becomes rough, cracked, and peels. Fire and explosion hazard: This product is flammable and highly irritating. Styrene: Also known as ethylbenzene or vinylbenzene, it is a type of aromatic hydrocarbon. Molecular formula: C8H8; Molecular weight: 104.14. Appearance and properties: Colorless and transparent oily liquid. Health hazards: It causes irritation to the eyes and mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract. Acute poisoning: At high concentrations, it immediately causes irritation of the mucous membranes of the eyes and upper respiratory tract, leading to symptoms such as eye pain, tearing, runny nose, sneezing, sore throat, and coughing. Subsequently, headaches, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and general weakness may occur ; In severe cases, there may be dizziness and unsteady gait. When the eyes are contaminated with styrene liquid, it can cause burns. Chronic effects: Common are neurotic syndrome symptoms such as headache, fatigue, nausea, loss of appetite, abdominal distension, depression, forgetfulness, and finger tremors. It is irritating to the respiratory tract, and long-term exposure can sometimes cause obstructive lung diseases. Rough, cracked, and thickened skin. Flame and explosion hazard: This product is flammable, a suspected carcinogen, and irritating. Benzene: The simplest aromatic hydrocarbon in terms of structural composition. Molecular formula: C6H6; molecular weight: 78. Properties: Colorless liquid with a distinctive odor. Health hazards: Due to its high volatility, benzene spreads easily when exposed to air. When humans and animals inhale or come into skin contact with large amounts of benzene, it can cause acute and chronic benzene poisoning. Diethylbenzene: p-diethylbenzene, p-diethylphenyl, 1,4-diethylbenzene. Molecular formula: C10H14. Molecular weight: 134.22. Property description: Colorless liquid ; Insoluble in water, soluble in ethanol ; Benzene ; Various organic solvents such as carbon tetrachloride. Health hazards: Vapors or mists are irritating to the eyes, mucous membranes, and upper respiratory tract. It is irritating to the skin. Animal experiments have shown that acute poisoning is associated with **enhanced excitability of the nervous system and muscles. Hazardous properties: Flammable; it poses a risk of fire and explosion when exposed to open flames, high temperatures, or oxidizing agents. In the event of high temperatures, the pressure inside the container increases, posing a risk of cracking and explosion.
Thank you to the friend above; could you explain the technical aspects and relationships among these four in terms of production processes?
Benzene is the initial raw material, derived from petroleum or coal chemical processes. Benzene and ethylene react in a liquid-phase reaction using a zeolite catalyst in a fixed-bed system to produce ethylbenzene, diethylbenzene, triethylbenzene, etc. Ethylbenzene is then subjected to a catalytic dehydrogenation reaction to yield styrene monomer
Using benzene as a starting material, it reacts with ethylene under certain conditions to produce ethylbenzene; the by-products are diethylbenzene and triethylbenzene. Polyethylbenzenes undergo alkylation reactions to yield ethylbenzene. Ethylbenzene is dehydrogenated to produce styrene