Cover plate for lifting hole (urgent)

Small ones are used as cover plates, while larger ones are used for fencing. In short, it’s all for safety.

For reference: Chapter 3 of the \"Technical Code for Safety in High-Height Work in Building Construction\" JGJ 80－1991, namely Safety Protection for Work at Edges and Openings

If the building becomes interconnected above and below due to the lifting holes, should the impact on fire compartments be considered?

Due to the complex and varied structures of construction projects, as well as the different geographical locations and environmental conditions of each construction site, there are no uniform safety measures. Therefore, when formulating such measures, it is necessary to take into account the company’s own experiences and lessons learned, the characteristics of the project site and its structure, as well as the established safety goals. The formulation of general engineering safety technical measures mainly takes the following aspects into consideration: (1) An overall view of the construction or installation project. In civil engineering projects, consideration is given first to the impact on surrounding roads, pedestrians, as well as nearby residents and facilities during the construction period, and corresponding protective measures are taken (either full enclosure or partial enclosure) ； The layout should take into account the separation of the construction area from the living area, construction drainage, safety passages, as well as the impact of work at heights on people below and on the ground surface ； Overall layout and installation methods for temporary power supply lines ； Lifting of equipment and components in installation projects, selection and determination of lifting equipment, safety protection areas beyond the lifting radius, etc. Complex lifting operations also require consideration of details such as viewing angles, signals, and procedures. (2) For the excavation of soil in deep foundation pits and trenches, it is first necessary to determine the type of soil, select the appropriate excavation method, and decide on the specific approach for slope grading or wall stabilization. The general requirement is ； Prevent collapse. Pile foundation projects involving manual hole digging also require toxic gas detection equipment and measures to prevent poisoning. (3) For scaffolds over 30 meters in height or cantilevered scaffolds, as well as large-scale concrete formwork projects, it is also necessary to conduct calculations regarding the load-bearing capacity of the scaffolding and formwork to ensure safety during construction. This is also a prerequisite for ensuring construction quality. (4) Requirements for installing safety nets, both horizontal and vertical types, including the different levels at which they are installed, such as the requirements for installing safety nets on the ground floor, fixed floors, and operational floors in general civil construction projects. Accidents often occur on the same level, so it is crucial to implement strict safety measures at that level. (5) The bonding, fixing methods, and protective measures for vertical transportation equipment such as gantries and parallel frames; their safety has a significant impact on the project schedule and can even lead to mass injury accidents. (6) Protective measures for the “four openings” during construction, namely stairways, elevator entrances, passageways, and pre-existing openings, must be in place. Guardrails 1.2 meters high should be installed at stairways and passageways, along with safety nets ； Reserved holes should be covered ； Large openings, such as lifting holes, equipment installation holes, and atrium holes, should be fitted with surrounding railings and vertical mesh screens. (7) Isolation protection should be implemented for cross-task operations. For work at higher levels, scaffolding planks should be laid throughout, and guardrails and nets should be installed along the outer edges to prevent objects from falling. (8) “Edge” protection measures. Areas such as the perimeters of balconies (walkways) without railings during construction, the perimeters of roofs (or platforms) without external scaffolding for protection, the areas around the floors of frame structures, both sides of ramps (slides), and the outer edges of loading platforms are all considered hazardous areas; measures must be taken to prevent people and materials from falling. (9) Electric shock accidents involving personnel in contact with external power lines are common during construction. When the minimum safe operating distance is achieved between the external power lines and the outer edge of the construction in progress (including scaffolding) and the boundary of the overhead power lines, measures such as barriers and protective nets must be employed. If the distance is less than the minimum safety distance, an insulating barrier should also be installed, along with prominent warning signs. Based on the layout of the general construction plan and the electrical power requirements at the site, corresponding technical measures for safe electricity use as well as electrical fire prevention measures shall be established. If there are 5 or more temporary electrical devices, or if the total capacity of these devices is 50 kW or more, a design plan for temporary electricity use must be prepared. (10) For construction works, temporary structures, and metal structures such as derricks and gantries that are taller than the existing lightning protection equipment in the surrounding area, lightning protection measures must be in place; for instance, the grounding depth and resistance value of such derricks and tall towers must meet the required specifications.