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1． Strong acidity (1) reacts with alkali (2) reacts with alkaline oxides (rust removal； (Preparation of copper sulfate and other salts) (3) Reaction with weak acid salts (preparation of certain weak acids or acid salts such as phosphoric acid, superphosphate) (4) Reaction with active metals (production of hydrogen) 2. Water absorption of concentrated sulfuric acid (used as gas desiccant, water absorbent when nitric acid is concentrated) ； ) 3. The dehydration property of concentrated sulfuric acid (carbonizing wood strips, cardboard, etc. ； Dehydration of ethanol to produce ethylene) 4. The strong oxidizing property of concentrated sulfuric acid (1) purifies iron, aluminum and other metals ； (2) Reacts with inactive metal copper (heating) (3) Reacts with charcoal (heating) (4) The reaction mixture turns black when making ethylene (5) It is not suitable for laboratory production of hydrogen iodide or hydrogen bromide because it can oxidize them 5. High boiling point (non-volatile) (making volatile acids) A. Preparation of hydrogen chloride gas and hydrogen fluoride gas (both HCl and HF are easily soluble, use concentrated sulfuric acid) B. Make nitric acid (HNO3 is easily soluble, use concentrated sulfuric acid) C. Production of hydrogen sulfide gas (H2S has little solubility, and concentrated sulfuric acid can oxidize H2S, so dilute sulfuric acid is used) D. Making sulfur dioxide (sulfur dioxide has a higher solubility, use more concentrated sulfuric acid). Sulfuric acid is generally not used to make carbon dioxide in the laboratory, because the other reactant usually uses massive limestone, and the calcium sulfate produced by the reaction has a low solubility and is easy to coat on the surface, hindering the further progress of the reaction. 6. Commonly used as a catalyst in organic reactions (1) Dehydration of ethanol to produce ethylene (or ether) (as a catalyst and dehydrating agent, use a large amount of concentrated sulfuric acid) (2) Nitration reaction of benzene (sulfuric acid is used as a catalyst and also absorbs water, use concentrated sulfuric acid) (3) Esterification reaction (sulfuric acid is used as a catalyst and water absorbent, use concentrated sulfuric acid) (4) Ester hydrolysis (sulfuric acid is used as a catalyst, use dilute sulfuric acid)