High temperature at the outlet of the synthesis tower

The internal structure of a synthesis tower generally consists of two parts: the catalyst basket and the heat exchanger. Since the synthesis reaction is an exothermic reaction, it is necessary to remove the heat generated promptly. Depending on the method of heat removal, it can be divided into intercooling and direct cooling types; in the former, the cooling gas does not come into contact with the reaction gas during the cooling process, such as in the double-layer single-tube co-current configuration. The latter cools the gas by mixing it with the reaction gas, such as in the YD tower. Based on the flow direction of the reaction gas within the catalyst layer, they are further classified into axial towers, radial towers, and axiradial towers. There are first-stage and also second-stage heat exchangers inside the tower. If a two-stage heat exchanger is used, mainly to direct the gas coming from the upper stage into the boiler to generate steam as a by-product, such a boiler is called a split-type boiler. In the case of a single-stage heat exchanger, when the gas exiting is directed to a boiler, it is referred to as a rear-mounted boiler. The flow of gas inside the synthesis tower is such that the cold gas passes through the annular space between the outer cylinder and the internal components of the tower, to where it exchanges heat with the gas that has undergone reaction in the heat exchanger tubes, before entering the catalyst layer. Therefore, I believe there are two reasons for the high exit temperature of the synthesis tower: 1, the reaction conditions have improved, resulting in an increase in the heat released. 2. The heat exchanger does not perform well.