Which is more mature, indirect liquefaction or direct liquefaction of coal to oil?
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This post was last edited by jordan569 on 2013-1-6 21:59. Which technology is more mature, indirect liquefaction or direct liquefaction of coal into oil? Widely used? This post was last edited by Zhenzhen Youci on 2009-4-25 11:04. Note: $ # , $ $
Of course it’s indirect; there are several companies engaged in indirect liquefaction in China~~ and Sasol in South Africa. Shenhua’s direct issues aren’t too serious either. This post was last edited by Zhenzhen Youci on 2009-4-25 11:05.]
One would have to ask and check whether there are any commercialized devices available
Indirect. The Germans used it during World War II
Indirect liquefaction is currently quite mature, whereas direct liquefaction requires more stringent equipment.
It involves indirect maturation; the operating pressure is relatively lower compared to direct liquefaction, and the control temperature is not very high either. Thus, its safety factor is higher than that of direct liquefaction.
Indirect liquefaction is the most mature form; during World War II, Germany built numerous liquefaction facilities to meet its war needs. Currently, the world’s largest liquefaction plant is located in South Africa.
At present, indirect liquefaction has certain advantages; its investment requirements and those regarding equipment are lower compared to direct liquefaction. This means that indirect liquefaction can generate profits more quickly, unlike direct liquefaction, which cannot be profitable within five years!
From a commercial perspective, indirect refining is mature; South Africa has been using this method for many years and it continues to develop
Everyone says that indirect liquefaction was first industrialized in Germany during World War II. In fact, during that war, Germany industrialized not only indirect liquefaction but also direct liquefaction, with the latter accounting for a larger proportion; at its peak, the scale of direct liquefaction was about four times that of indirect liquefaction. So, from this perspective, whether directly or indirectly, the technology is mature; the biggest issue remains cost-effectiveness.