Installation and proper use of centrifugal pumps

It is important to install, operate, and maintain in accordance with the construction standards for rotating equipment and the requirements of the pump manufacturer.

The following are excerpts from the manufacturer’s instructions; it is difficult to meet all of these requirements in actual use/installation. The following checks should be carried out when installing the pump: ① The dimensions, position, and elevation of the foundation must meet the design specifications. The foot bolts must be properly and correctly fixed in the concrete foundation, and the machine should not have any missing parts, damage, or rust； ②Depending on the properties of the medium pumped by the pump, it is necessary to verify the materials of the main components, shaft seals, and gaskets when required ； ③The leveling and alignment of the pump shall comply with the provisions in the equipment’s technical documents; in the absence of such provisions, it shall conform to the requirements of the current **standard \"General Specifications for the Construction and Acceptance of Mechanical Equipment Installation Projects\" ； ④All pipes connected to the pump body, the installation of fittings, and the cleaning of lubrication pipelines must comply with the requirements of relevant **standards. The trial operation of the pump shall meet the following requirements: ① The rotation direction of the drive motor shall be the same as that of the pump ； ②Determine the rotation direction of the pipeline pump and the co-axial pump ； ③All fixed connection points should be secure, and the type and quantity of lubricant applied to all lubrication points must comply with the specifications stated in the equipment’s technical documents ； ④Areas that require pre-lubrication should be pre-lubricated as specified ； ⑤All indicating instruments and safety protection devices must be sensitive, accurate, and reliable ； ⑥The turntable should operate smoothly, without any abnormal phenomena ； ⑦Before trial operation, the pump body of a high-temperature pump should be preheated, with the temperature rising evenly; the temperature increase per hour should not exceed 500℃ ； The temperature difference between the surface of the pump body and the process pipeline with the working medium inlet should not exceed 4090 ； ⑧Install connection devices to eliminate the impact of temperature rise, and set up bypass connection devices to provide a cooling water source. The following points should be noted when operating a centrifugal pump: ① Operation without water is prohibited; do not adjust the suction inlet to reduce flow rate, and operation at excessively low flow rates is also prohibited ； ②Monitor the operation process to completely prevent leaks in the packing box; use new packing when replacing it ； ③Ensure that the mechanical seal has an adequate flow of water for flushing; excessive water flow is not allowed for water-cooled bearings ； ④Do not use too much lubricant ； ⑤Conduct inspections at the recommended intervals. Maintain operation records, including hours of operation, adjustments and replacements of fillers, the addition of lubricants, as well as other maintenance actions and the times at which they were carried out. The suction and discharge pressures, flow rate, input power, as well as the temperatures of the fluid and bearings of the centrifugal pump, along with its vibration levels, should all be measured and recorded regularly.

Personally, I think there are two main points to pay attention to regarding installation: first, no external force from the pipes should be applied to the pump. Many construction teams fail to do this properly; when the inlet and outlet flanges of the pump are removed, a significant misalignment occurs, which indicates that the pipes are exerting too much force on the pump. Second is the alignment of the coupling; nowadays, most pumps use diaphragm couplings, which provide a certain degree of compensation, so the alignment requirements are relatively low and can generally be met. The installation of other aspects can generally be done properly in accordance with the specifications. When using it, pay attention to two points: first, the lubricant should be checked regularly and replaced promptly. Second, strengthen inspections to ensure that the pump operates within its designed range.

After installation, the welding base should be grouted

I would like to ask the teachers: what is the difference between the pump inlet and the reduced-diameter inlet?

There is a series of installation technical specifications for pump installation, including foundation inspection, level adjustment, piping, and so on. Daily maintenance is even more crucial; years of experience in maintenance have led to the following conclusions: 1. The management of lubricating oil for pumps is extremely important, as it acts like the blood for these pumps, and any problems with it can be fatal. 2. Proper disassembly, precise assembly, and measurement serta assurance of key technical data. 3. Each pump has different design parameters and operates in different environments; identify the patterns and establish a regular inspection schedule.

Under what circumstances is it necessary to change the diameter of the pump’s inlet and entry port?

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