beg: Natural Gas Chemical Technology

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Does anyone have any friends who can share it? http://www.toopoo.com/covers/122-04248-4.jpg Title: Natural Gas Chemical Technology Author: Wei Shun'an Publishing House: Chemical Industry Press ISBN: 122-04248-4 Responsible Editor: Format: 16: Publication date: March 2009: Thousands of words: Bound: Paperback: 0: Reel: No: Pages: 228 Natural gas is one of the three pillars of energy in the world. It is not only a clean energy source, but also a widely used chemical raw material. The natural gas chemical industry in my country covers a wide area, has many product varieties, and has regional characteristics. "Natural Gas Chemical Technology" introduces the basic knowledge of processes, processes, equipment, reaction kinetics, thermodynamics, physical property data and other aspects of many chemical industrial processes using natural gas as the initial raw material. The content includes an introduction to natural gas resources, natural gas desulfurization and dehydration purification, conversion of natural gas to synthetic gas, methanol and its derivatives, natural gas to acetylene and carbon black, halogenated and nitrolated direct derivatives of natural gas, liquefied natural gas, adsorbed natural gas, natural gas to helium, natural gas to synthetic oil, and new natural gas application technologies. "Natural Gas Chemical Engineering Technology" can be used as a textbook for undergraduates in chemical engineering and technology, petroleum engineering, oil and gas storage and transportation engineering, etc., and can also be used by relevant engineering and technical personnel. * Reference Catalog of Natural Gas Chemical Technology 1 Natural Gas Resources 1 1.1 Formation and Distribution of Natural Gas 1 1.1.1 Formation of Natural Gas 1 1.1.2 Storage Status of Natural Gas 2 1.1.3 Natural Gas Resources and Distribution 3 1.1.4 Overview of Natural Gas in my country 4 1.1.5 Current Utilization of Natural Gas in my country 5 1.1.6 my country’s Natural Gas Development Strategy 5 1.2 Natural Gas Exploitation 6 1.2.1 Drilling Equipment 7 1.2.2 Completion structure 8 1.2.3 Offshore drilling technology 9 1.3 Composition and properties of natural gas 9 1.3.1 Composition of natural gas 10 1.3.2 Physical and chemical properties of natural gas and its components 11 1.3.3 Calorific value of natural gas 11 1.3.4 Explosion limit of natural gas 11 1.4 Application and prospects of natural gas 12 1.4.1 Energy application and prospects of natural gas 12 1.4.2 Chemical application of natural gas 15 References 16 2 Natural gas purification 17 2.1 Natural gas desulfurization 17 2.1.1 Alcohol amine method and sulfone amine method 18 2.1.2 Other methods of natural gas desulfurization 22 2.2 Sulfur recovery and exhaust gas treatment 24 2.2?1 Claus process 24 2.2?2 Claus exhaust treatment process 27 2.3 Natural gas dehydration 30 2?3?1 Absorption method 30 2?3?2 Adsorption method 32 2?3?3 Cooling method 33 2?3?4 Membrane separation dehydration method 35 References 36 3 Natural gas conversion 37 3?1 Natural gas steam conversion method 37 3?1?1 Thermodynamic analysis of methane steam conversion reaction 38 3?1?2 Kinetic analysis of methane steam conversion reaction 40 3?1?3 Methane steam conversion reaction catalyst 42 3.1.4 Coke deposition and treatment during methane steam conversion 43 3.1.5 Production process of methane steam conversion 44 3.1.6 Process flow of methane steam conversion 45 3.2 Natural gas CO2 conversion 47 3. Thermodynamic analysis of 1CH4?CO2 conversion reaction 47 3. Kinetic analysis of 2?2CH4?CO2 conversion reaction 50 3?2?3CH4?CO2 conversion reaction catalyst 52 Production process of 3?2?4CH4?CO2 conversion 55 3?3 Natural gas partial oxidation method 56 Thermodynamic analysis of 3?3?1POM reaction 56 Kinetic analysis of 3?3?2POM reaction 57 Research on coke deposition of 3?3?3POM reaction catalyst 59 3?3?4POM reaction catalyst 60 3?3?5POM reaction process 61 3?3?6POM reactor 62 3?4 combined conversion to produce synthesis gas 64 3.5 Purification and separation of synthesis gas 65 3.5.1 Low-temperature separation method 65 3.5.2 Other separation methods 68 References 68 4 Methanol and its derivatives 69 4.1 Methanol 69 4.1.1 Properties of methanol 69 4.1.2 Principle of methanol synthesis reaction 70 4.1.3 Thermodynamics of methanol synthesis reaction 71 4.1.4 Methanol synthesis catalyst and reaction kinetics 72 4?1?5 Methanol synthesis process 75 4?1?6 Uses of methanol 82 4?2 Formaldehyde 83 4?2?1 Properties and uses 83 4?2?2 Methanol oxidation method to produce formaldehyde 84 4?3 Acetic acid 88 4?3?1 Properties and uses of acetic acid 88 4?3?2 High-pressure carbonylation of methanol to synthesize acetic acid 89 4?3?3 Low-pressure carbonylation of methanol to synthesize acetic acid 89 4?4 Dimethyl carbonate 92 4?4?1 Properties and uses of dimethyl carbonate 92 4?4?2 Synthesis process of dimethyl carbonate synthesized by phosgene-methanol method 93 4?4?3 Extractive distillation of dimethyl carbonate 97 4?5 Methylamine 98 4?5?1 Properties and uses of methylamine 98 4?5?2 Methylamine production process 99 4.6 Dimethyl ether 102 4.6.1 Properties and uses of dimethyl ether 102 4.6.2 Synthetic thermodynamics of dimethyl ether production process 102 4.6.3 Methanol dehydration process to produce dimethyl ether 104 4.6?4 Synthesis gas direct production process of dimethyl ether 105 4.7 Methyl formate 107 4.7?1 Properties and uses of methyl formate 107 4?7?2 Methanol carbonylation method to produce methyl formate 108 4?7?3 Methanol dehydrogenation method to produce methyl formate 109 4?8 Low carbon olefins 110 4?8?1 Thermodynamics of reaction 111 4?8?2 Reaction mechanism 111 4?8?3 Catalyst 114 4?8?4 Process flow 114 References 117 5 Natural gas to acetylene 120 5.1 Overview 120 5.1.1 Properties and uses of acetylene 120 5.1.2 Overview of the natural gas acetylene industry 120 5.2 Preparation principles and methods of natural gas acetylene 123 5.3 Introduction to typical processes of natural gas acetylene 124 5.3.1 Methane partial oxidation method 124 5.3.2 Arc method 126 5.3.3 Comparison of acetylene production methods 128 References 128 6 Carbon black produced from natural gas 129 6?1 Overview 129 6?1?1 Classification of carbon black 129 6?1?2 Properties of carbon black 133 6?2 Production method of carbon black produced from natural gas 133 6?2?1 Generation mechanism of carbon black 133 6?2?2 Production process of carbon black produced by natural gas tank method 134 6?2?3 Production process of carbon black produced by natural gas semi-reinforced furnace method 137 6.2.4 Processing of carbon black 139 6.3 Development status and prospects of carbon black at home and abroad 139 6.3.1 Development status and prospects of carbon black abroad 139 6.3.2 Production status and prospects of carbon black in my country 141 References 142 7 Direct derivatives of natural gas 144 7.1 Chloride of methane 144 7.1.1 Properties and uses of methane chloride 144 7.1.2 Chlorination reaction of methane 144 7.1.3 Methane chlorination production process 147 7.2 Other halides of methane 149 7.2.1 Fluoride of methane 149 7.2.2 Bromide of methane 153 7.2.3 Iodide of methane 155 7.2.4 Mixed halide of methane 156 7.3 Nitrate of natural gas 156 7?3?1 The properties and uses of methane nitrides 156 7?3?2 The synthesis method of methane nitrides 157 7?3?3 The process of producing nitromethane by gas phase nitrification of natural gas 158 7?4 Sulfides of natural gas 158 7?4?1 The properties and uses of carbon disulfide 158 7?4?2 The production method of carbon disulfide 159 7?4?3 Production process of carbon disulfide from natural gas 159 7?5 Hydrogen cyanide from natural gas 160 7?5?1 Properties and uses of hydrocyanic acid 160 7?5?2 Process of producing hydrocyanic acid from natural gas 161 References 162 8 Natural gas physical processing technology 163 8?1 Liquefied natural gas technology 163 8?1?1 Overview 163 8?1?2 Types of LNG units 164 8?1?3 Natural gas liquefaction production technology 164 8?1?4 World LNG industry development trend 168 8?1?5 Comparison of liquefied natural gas and natural gas synthetic oil 169 8?1?6 Application prospects of natural gas liquefaction technology in my country 169 8?2 Adsorption natural gas technology 170 8?2?1 Overview 170 8?2?2Basic principles and characteristics of ANG storage technology 170 8?2?3ANG adsorbent 171 8?2?4 Research progress on natural gas adsorbents 176 8?2?5ANG Technology prospects and research directions 176 8?3 Helium production from natural gas 177 8?3?1 Main properties and uses of helium 177 8?3?2 Low temperature condensation method to produce helium from natural gas 177 8?3?3 Membrane separation method Introduction to natural gas helium production 179 8?3?4 Process of natural gas membrane separation to produce helium 181 References 182 9 Natural gas to synthetic oil 183 9.1 Overview 183 9.1.1 Development history of natural gas to synthetic oil 183 9.1.2 Main product categories and characteristics of GTL 184 9.2 Natural gas to synthetic oil technology and process 185 9.2.1 Fischer-Tropsch synthesis thermodynamic analysis 185 9.2.2 Fischer-Tropsch synthesis kinetic analysis 187 9.2.3 Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction mechanism 188 9.2.4 Fischer-Tropsch synthesis product distribution 189 9.2.5 Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst 189 9.2.6 Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process 190 9.2.7 Natural gas synthetic oil processing and refining technology 200 9.3 Overall comparison of various natural gas synthetic oil technologies 200 9.3.1 Process technology comparison 200 9.3.2 Economic comparison 201 9.4 Prospect analysis of developing natural gas to synthetic oil 203 References 204 10 New technologies for natural gas application 206 10?1 Natural gas plasma conversion technology 206 10?1?1 Overview 206 10?1?2 Methane plasma conversion to acetylene 207 10?1?3 Natural gas plasma hydrogen production 209 10?1?4 Natural gas plasma to methanol 211 10?2 Methane oxidative coupling to ethylene 213 10?2?1 Catalyst 213 10?2?2 Reaction process 213 10?3 Conversion of methane to aromatics 214 Attached basic physical property data of each main component of natural gas 216 References 218 Natural gas chemical technology Introduction Natural gas is a precious wealth of mankind. Together with coal and petroleum, it constitutes the three pillars of the world's energy and modern chemical industry. Faced with the current resource and technological situation of increasingly depleted oil resources and serious pollution from coal resources, natural gas, as a clean, efficient, convenient and high-quality energy, plays an increasingly important role in clean energy and chemical raw materials. The earth is extremely rich in natural gas resources. It is estimated that the amount of conventional natural gas resources alone is about 600×1012m3, of which the current technically recoverable reserves are about 160×1012m3. According to the current production rate of (2-3)×1012m3/year, it can be developed and utilized by humans for 200 to 300 years. my country is also rich in natural gas resources. According to the third round of national oil and gas resource assessment results, my country's total natural gas resources are 53×1012m3, conventional resources are 14×1012m3, and the current technically recoverable reserves are about 2.2×1012m3. In recent years, my country's proven natural gas reserves have continued to increase, and the exploration and development of offshore gas fields have also made great progress. along with * * With the intensification of industrial structural adjustment and the improvement of environmental protection requirements, the geographical and technical scope of natural gas utilization in my country will be greatly expanded, bringing good development opportunities to my country's natural gas chemical industry. This textbook is intended to provide undergraduate students with * Textbooks for natural gas chemical engineering technology, taking into account the learning of engineering and technical personnel * refer to. This course introduces the basic knowledge of many chemical industrial processes that use natural gas as the initial raw material, including processes, processes, equipment, reaction kinetics, thermodynamics, and physical property data. The content includes an introduction to natural gas resources, natural gas desulfurization and dehydration purification, conversion of natural gas to synthesis gas, methanol and its derivatives, natural gas to acetylene and carbon black, natural gas halogenation and nitrolation direct derivatives, liquefied natural gas, adsorbed natural gas, natural gas to helium, natural gas to synthetic oil, and new natural gas application technologies. To enable students to pass the study of this course * , understanding the full picture of natural gas chemical industry technology and products will help improve students' basic knowledge and work ability. This textbook was collectively compiled by the Chemical Engineering Teaching and Research Section of the School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Chongqing University. The staff who participated in the preparation of each chapter include Wei Shunan (Chapter 1, 3, part of Chapter 4), Dong Lichun (Chapter 2, 9, 10, part of Chapter 4, 8), Zhang Hongjing (Chapter 5, 6), Tan Shiyu (Chapter 7), and Xue Rongshu (Part of Chapter 8). After the first draft of each chapter is completed, Wei Shunan and Tan Shiyu will unify and revise the final draft. Due to the limited editor's skills and the rush of time, inappropriate and inappropriate discussions in the book are inevitable. We sincerely invite readers to criticize, correct, and provide valuable opinions. Editor in Chongqing in October 2008