Difference between dome tanks and cone-top tanks
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Fixed-roof tanks are divided into dome-shaped tanks and cone-shaped tanks. What is the difference between them? Is a dome tank considered a tank with a standard elliptical head? Under what operating conditions should an arch-top tank be chosen, and under what conditions should a cone-top tank be selected?
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The dome of a vaulted tank is a spherical cap with a radius of R = (0.8–1.2)D. D is the diameter of the tank. It is independent of the standard elliptical head.
Vault tanks are currently primarily used to store lubricating oils, heavy oils, and gasoline, diesel, and kerosene.
Cone top of self-supporting cone-top tank: The slope of the tank roof shall not be less than 1/6 nor greater than 3/4. Cone top of supported cone-top tank: The slope of the tank roof should not be less than 1/6. Self-supporting vaulted tank: The radius of curvature of the vault’s spherical surface should be 0.8 to 1.2 times the diameter of the tank.
There is a growing trend toward the use of dome tanks, mainly due to technological advancements and the widespread use of aluminum alloys. There are no vertical supports inside the dome tank, which makes maintenance and cleaning inside the tank easier. The sealing of the internal floating roof is also much simpler. In the past, I-beams and channel steels were used as the framework with steel plates laid on top; nowadays, aluminum alloy mesh shell vaults with short spans are widely used.
Conical roof tanks were more common in the past, all featuring momentless roofs designed according to the former Soviet standards. There is a pillar in the tank. The biggest drawback of this tank is its unsightly appearance; it tends to accumulate static electricity, and if the top isn’t designed properly, water can also accumulate there. When removing such tanks, care must be taken as oil and gas that has reached the explosive limit can accumulate in the supports. In the 1980s, when Chongqing Reagent Factory was demolishing such tanks, one person died due to an explosion of oil and gas inside the supports.
Can a conical top tank be used to store concentrated sulfuric acid?