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1. Impact resistance: The ability of the coating to resist cracking or peeling under sudden impacts. 2. Iodine value: a measure of the unsaturation of oils or resins. The amount of iodine absorbed by the sample under specified conditions is expressed in grams of iodine absorbed per 100g of sample. 3. Microclimate: the microclimatic conditions during the testing of coatings. The temperature, humidity, and light conditions of the microclimate possess characteristics that define a specific natural climate. To facilitate experiments, these climate conditions have been recreated in specific rooms or smaller chambers. 4. Oil absorption value: Under specified experimental conditions, it refers to the number of milliliters or grams of oil (usually acid-bleached linseed oil) required to bind a given mass of pigments or extenders. The value of oil absorption is related to the method of measurement. 5. Pencil hardness test: A method for evaluating the hardness of dry coatings. During the evaluation, pencils that increase hardness from 4B to 6H are sequentially dragged across the surface of the coating until scratches appear. 6. Print resistance: Under normal operating conditions, it refers to the ability of the coating film to resist the formation of imprints on its surface when another surface is placed on top of it. Resistance to indentation can be evaluated under specified conditions through an indentation test. 7. Reducing power: The ability of a white pigment, under specified experimental conditions, to reduce the intensity of the color produced by a colored pigment. 8. Storage period ； Shelf life – the period during which paint stored in its original sealed container, under normal storage conditions, can remain in good condition. 9. Solid content ； Solids content ； solids ； Total solids refers to the mass of the dry coating film formed by the paint under specified conditions, expressed as a percentage of the original paint mass. 10. Soluble metal content: The amount of heavy metals such as lead that can be extracted using acid, as measured under specified conditions and experimental methods; it is usually expressed in parts per million. 11. Specific resistance ； Specific resistivity refers to the resistance that a conductive material has per unit length and per unit cross-sectional area. 12. Spreading rate ； Spreading capacity is the average coating rate when the paint is applied in an appropriate manner to a normal substrate, expressed as the coating area per unit volume of paint. The coating rate varies depending on the operator, the application method, and the properties of the substrate to be coated. 13. Tinting strength ； Staining power is the degree to which a coloring pigment imparts color to a white pigment under specified experimental conditions. 14. Volatile matter: Substances released by a coating through volatilization under specified conditions. 15. Washability: The ease with which dirt can be removed from the painted surface through washing. 16. Washability: The ability of a coating to withstand washing without being removed or substantially damaged. 17. Atmospheric aging ； Natural aging weathering ； Natural weathering refers to the effects of sunlight, rain, frost, and air pollution on coating films. Natural outdoor atmospheric aging tests are usually carried out at designated exposure sites. 18. Advancing colour: When a color and its complementary color are placed next to each other on the same plane, the human eye perceives it as being closer than its complementary color. All colors that range from yellow-green to bright red possess this specific color. 19. Vivid colors ； An assertive color is a color that draws or stimulates attention due to its brightness or high saturation. 20. Blueing: The addition of a small amount of blue is used to counteract the yellowish tint of certain white pigments or white paints, thereby increasing their apparent whiteness. 21. Multi-colored \"broken color\" is achieved through the natural blending of wet paint in various colors, or by using skillful techniques to create irregular effects, resulting in a complex multi-color effect. 22. Chroma ； Chromaticity is the quality of a color stimulus, which can be determined by its chromaticity coordinates, or by its dominant wavelength or complementary wavelength together with its stimulus purity. 23. The CIE system is a chromaticity system developed by the International Commission on Illumination; it determines colors using three stimulus values, X, Y, and Z, which represent the number of primary reference colors required to match that color. 24. A colorimeter is a device used to measure color. Existing colorimeters include tristimulus colorimeters that use filters to simulate the tristimulus values of the three primary visible reference colors, as well as spectral photometers that measure the color reflectance across the entire visible spectrum (usually filter spectral photometers using narrow-band filters). Both can provide direct readout of tri-stimulus value data in various formats. 25. The color can be used to characterize the appearance quality of a surface based on its hue, saturation, and brightness. 26. Colour coordinates are numerical values that indicate the position of a certain color in a three-dimensional diagram of all colors. In the CIE system of 1931, the color coordinate values are the three stimulus values of X, Y, Z, or the Y value together with the chromaticity coordinate values x and y. The subsequent system (CIE 1976) provides a more uniform color space using different coordinate values. 27. Colour difference: In a specified colour space, it is an objective measure of the colour difference between two samples, determined by the distance between their colour coordinate values. 28、Colorant Index Number ； The Color Index Number (abbreviated as CI number) is a reference code for colors listed in the color catalog published by the Society of Dye Technologists and Colorists. This catalog includes descriptions of various colors, their classification names, and their components.