Seeking guidance on the relationships between various oil refining units
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May I ask what the main units a relatively complete refinery must have, and what is the relationship between these units? For example, the plant is equipped with atmospheric and vacuum distillation units, continuous reforming, catalytic cracking, hydrogen production, and other such facilities. What is their relationship?
The main units include: atmospheric and vacuum distillation – catalytic cracking – delayed coking, along with hydrogenation, hydrogen production, desulfurization, gas separation, tank farms, and continuous reforming
Main units in a typical refinery: atmospheric and vacuum distillation – catalytic cracking. Auxiliary units: reforming, hydrogenation, product refining, sulfur recovery, boilers, feedstock storage areas, finished product storage areas, wastewater treatment, as well as supporting facilities for water, electricity, wind, and steam
The key to converting crude oil into various refined products in refineries is to increase the hydrogen-to-carbon ratio, and there are two ways to achieve this: decarburization and hydrogenation. Decarbonization refers to the cracking of heavy oils such as catalytic cracking and delayed coking, while hydrogenation involves the hydrogenation of various intermediate oils (along with the removal of impurities such as sulfur). Reforming and hydrogen production units supply hydrogen, whereas reforming and MTBE units are used for the upgrading of gasoline.
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Atmospheric and vacuum distillation, visbreaking, catalytic cracking, hydrocracking, catalytic reforming
The wax oil and some of the residue from the atmospheric and vacuum distillation units serve as feedstock for catalysis. The vacuum residue from these units is used as feedstock for delayed coking. The dry gas produced by catalytic cracking and delayed coking is used for hydrogen production. The gasoline and diesel obtained from catalytic cracking and delayed coking are used as feedstock for hydroprocessing. The naphtha from delayed coking is used as feedstock for reforming. . . . . .