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I am looking for heat stabilizers for soft PVC; detailed information would be ideal. Thank you in advance to all the experienced professionals.
The most commonly used heat stabilizers for soft PVC are organotin compounds and liquid calcium-zinc stabilizers. Organotin compounds include methyltin, butyltin, and thioltin, among others. Methyltin has good thermal stability but is somewhat toxic, whereas butyltin is non-toxic. Organotin compounds are expensive, and currently, most manufacturers of transparent films prefer to use liquid calcium-zinc stabilizers. Calcium-zinc stabilizers offer good initial stability and are relatively inexpensive, but they tend to cause the phenomenon of \"zinc burn\" at higher temperatures. I have used the liquid calcium-zinc stabilizer produced by Hangzhou Sanye Company, and its performance is excellent. They utilize technology from American company Avon, which effectively solves the problem of zinc oxidation.
CM-9H calcium-zinc composite stabilizer: Ca-Zn-Mg-Al organic salts, no metal co-stabilizers, antioxidants, and lubricants. Features: Stable color; enhanced weathering and thermal stability; low dust generation and low fly ash. Suitable for various soft and semi-rigid PVC products. Free from pollutants such as lead, cadmium, barium, chromium, mercury, and antimony. Its actual density is only about 1.3 g/cm3, which is significantly lower than the 3.0 g/cm3 density of lead salt composite stabilizers. It can fully replace lead salt stabilizers in terms of production costs and performance. (1) It is a calcium-zinc stabilizer that meets the requirements of EN-71 Part 3 and EU ROHS regulations. (2) It exhibits good initial coloring and excellent color stability, showing no discoloration as a result of the use of CCR. (3) It can provide good long-term thermal stability, electrical properties, and weather resistance. (4) It contains various processing aids that can reduce extrusion torque, increase production volume, boost the melting speed and melt strength, and result in a smooth surface on the products. (5) It has a synergistic dispersing effect on toner, which can significantly reduce the amount of toner required. (6) It contains a certain lubrication system and antioxidants; a small amount of lubricant and antioxidants may be added either not at all or in an appropriate quantity. (7) The presence of a rust inhibitor can prevent copper wires from oxidizing. (8) The absence of materials that tend to precipitate does not affect the painting or welding of toys; it also prevents fogging in products such as wires due to the precipitation of additives, and avoids discoloration caused by sulfidation. Note: Suitable for use in white and colored rubber compounds; the recommended dosage is 4–6 PHR. Thermal stability: Heat stability time at 200°C (Congolese red method, GB: 2917-82). Formula: PVC (SG-5): 100 parts, DOP: 45 parts, CCR: 25 parts, 2500: 25 parts, epoxy soybean oil: 2 parts, CM-9H: 6 parts. Testing equipment: Constant temperature oil bath. Test results: More than 80 minutes. B: Static hanging test at 180°C (GB: 7141-86). Formula: PVC (SG-5): 100 parts, DOP: 30 parts, 2500: 15 parts, soybean oil: 2 parts, CM-9H: 4 parts. Testing equipment: Constant temperature oven. Test results: 30 minutes: white; 60 minutes: slightly yellow; 90 minutes: yellow; 120 minutes: yellow with black spots at the edges and corners; 150 minutes: yellow with black spots at the edges and corners; 160 minutes: black. C: Dynamic thermal aging at 180°C. Formula: PVC (SG-5): 100 parts, DOP: 30 parts, CCR: 25 parts, 2500: 25 parts, soybean oil: 2 parts, CM-9H: 4 parts. Testing equipment: 6-inch electric heating internal mixer, brightness meter. Test results: Initial temperature: 80.2 degrees; after 30 minutes: 73.4 degrees. Technical specifications: Appearance: white or slightly yellow powder. Content of stabilizers: 23%. Free acid content: less than 0.5%. Volatile matter at 100°C: less than 0.8%. Bulk density: 0.45
I wonder if seniors have used rare earth stabilizers – how effective are they? 2# wang*neng