Refining Knowledge (Technology) Daily Question (185) 4.9

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This post was last edited by Shuichangshou on 2010-4-8 at 21:55. Everyone is welcome to actively participate in the learning and discussion of professional basic knowledge in the refining technology exchange area! In accordance with the forum’s uniform requirements, the maximum score for this event is 10 Wealth points, and rating charm is prohibited. Friendships and duplicate ratings are also declined. Please be cautious when posting; edits will not be valid! Those who have different opinions on the provided answer keys can post discussions the next day, and those who provide solutions or their own opinions regarding the daily question’s answer key will receive appropriate rewards! The focus is on participation, and there are prizes for participating! To prevent some members from copying other members’ answers, please hide your posts when answering questions. For specific hiding methods, see: http://bbs.hcbbs.com/viewthread.php?tid=492556&highlight=%D2%FE%B2%D8 The questions for today are taken from the examination questions for the university petroleum refining program; they are provided for reference only. I. Multiple-choice Questions:
1. Among the different fractions of the same crude oil, the fraction with the highest carbon-to-hydrogen ratio is ( )
A. Gasoline fraction
B. Diesel fraction
C. Vacuum residue
D. Atmospheric residue

2. Compared with foreign crude oils, the main characteristics of most crude oils in China are ( )
A. High sulfur content, low nitrogen content, high vanadium content, low nickel content
B. Low sulfur content, high nitrogen content, low vanadium content, high nickel content
C. Low sulfur content, low nitrogen content, low vanadium content, low nickel content
D. High sulfur content, high nitrogen content, high vanadium content, high nickel content

3. Among the following non-hydrocarbon compounds, the one that is an aromatic heterocyclic compound is ( )
A. Thioethers, thiolates, disulfides
B. Thiophene, pyridine, quinoline
C. Amides, indole, carbazole
D. Petroleum carboxylic acids, petroleum phenols

4. Among the identical fractions of these four crude oils, the crude oil with the highest density is ( )
A. Daqing crude oil
B. Shengli crude oil
C. Gudao crude oil
D. Yangsanmu crude oil

5. In natural gas, the component with the highest content is ( )
A. Ethane and ethylene
B. Methane
C. Butane and butylene
D. Propane and propylene

II. True or False Questions:
6. In the pyrolysis of alkanes, dehydrogenation reactions occur more easily than chain-scission reactions. （ ） 7. As the reaction temperature increases, the equilibrium constant for the pyrolysis of hydrocarbons increases, and the reaction rate constant also increases accordingly. ( ) 8. The thermal reaction of petroleum fractions and catalytic cracking reactions occur as parallel-series reactions; the parallel reaction increases the hydrogen-to-carbon ratio of the products, while the series reaction decreases this ratio. ( ) 9. The octane number of gasoline produced by the catalytic cracking process is relatively high, as is the cetane number of diesel; whereas the octane number of gasoline obtained through hydrocracking is lower, while the cetane number of diesel remains high. ( ) 10. The catalytic cracking of vacuum distillate oil is a gas-solid phase reaction, while the catalytic cracking of atmospheric or vacuum residue is a gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction. ( ) Reference answer: ABDDB ×√××√