Technical requirements for welds
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Generally, welds should be smooth. So what are the benefits and necessity of having smooth welds?
May I ask: is it better to have a smooth weld, or a weld that is more protruding while still maintaining an appropriate width? Does the latter have any adverse effects on the performance of the welded joint under operational conditions compared to the former?
For important structures, there are limits on the height of weld peaks; it is preferable for them to be at the same level as the base material or to have a smooth transition into it. In practice, however, it is almost impossible to achieve a level surface with the base material without any further processing. Therefore, a certain amount of peak height is usually present, but it is required that there be a smooth transition into the base material. This helps to avoid stress concentration. From an aesthetic point of view, this also results in a better appearance.
Go and study the \"GB 50236-1998 Code for Construction and Acceptance of Welded Industrial Piping Works for Field Equipment\"
A smooth weld is also a prerequisite for ensuring that the weld metal is straight and even. If the misalignment between pipeline pairs is large, especially at the inner ends, it can lead to defects such as incomplete fusion inside. For TIG welding, it is generally required that the groove area (both the inside and outside) be polished to a bright metallic finish.
The weld should be at the same level as the base material or transition smoothly into it; there are limits on the height of the weld excess