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Solvent issue

2010-04-22View Original

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For solvents used as diluents, it is required that they be volatile, non-toxic, and preferably odorless. What would be a good choice? Except for ethanol.
Reply #22010-04-22
Common solvents: (1) Toluene is a colorless, volatile, flammable liquid with an aromatic odor. It is produced in the petrochemical or coal coking industry, and can dissolve materials such as ethyl fiber, maleic anhydride resin, rubber, and vinyl chloride. It can also be used to adjust inks for screen printing on metal and glass. Toluene is insoluble in water, but soluble in ethanol, ether, and propane. (2) Xylene has an aromatic odor, is colorless and transparent, volatile, flammable, and toxic. Insoluble in water, soluble in ethanol and ether. It has a greater solvency than turpentine and rosin oil, and its evaporation rate is also faster; it is commonly used in high-temperature curing and oxidation polymerization inks. (3) Ethyl acetate is a colorless, flammable liquid with a fruity odor. It can dissolve ethyl fiber, nitrocellulose, chlorinated rubber, etc., but it evaporates too quickly. (4) Butyl acetate can dissolve various synthetic resins, such as PVC and neoprene. (5) Propanone is a colorless, volatile, and flammable liquid. It can dissolve pervinyl chloride, chloroacetic copolymers, etc., and is miscible with water, methanol, ethanol, ether, chloroform, pyridine, etc. (6)**Colorless oily liquid with a propyl-like odor. It has a strong dissolving power, capable of dissolving many synthetic resins and natural polymers; it can also be combined with various solvents to form mixed solvents. Slightly soluble in water, readily soluble in ethanol and ether. (7) Dipropylene glycol can dissolve rosin, nitrocellulose, shellac, chlorate copolymers, etc.; it is prone to decomposition, with propylene glycol being the main decomposition product. (8) Ethanol, commonly known as alcohol or simply alcohol, is referred to as anhydrous ethanol when all water has been removed; its concentration in this case is 90.5%. The concentration of ordinary (industrial) ethanol is 95.57%, while pharmaceutical-grade ethanol has a concentration of 70%–75%. It is soluble in water, methanol, ether, and chloroform. Ethanol can dissolve shellac, polyvinyl acetal resin (webbing adhesive), polyvinyl acetate, **resins, etc. (9) Butanol, also known as n-butanol, primary butanol, or propylmethanol, is a colorless liquid with an alcoholic odor; it is soluble in polyphenol ethers and is used in combination with xylene as a diluent for inks. Soluble in water, and can mix with ethanol and ether as solvents. (10) Turpentine is a colorless to dark brown liquid that is volatile and flammable; it has a pine-like odor, is insoluble in water, but can mix with solvents such as benzene, ether, and chloroform. Turpentine can be used as a cleaning agent and viscosity reducer for some inks, to prevent ink from crusting. (11) Rosin spirit, also known as mineral spirits or 200# gasoline, can dissolve rosin and alkyd resins, and is used to adjust screen printing inks for metals and glass. (12) Banana water is sometimes called banana oil or turpentine; it is a colorless and transparent liquid that gets its name from the banana scent it emits. It is formulated by mixing organic solvents such as hydrocarbons, esters, and alcohols; for example, a mixture of 55% toluene, 15% ethyl acetate, 20% butyl acetate, and 5% each of propane and n-butanol can be used, and it is widely employed as a solvent, diluent, and cleaning agent. :P
Reply #32010-05-14
That’s a great question. If there are no requirements regarding boiling point, solvents such as n-propanol or propyl acetate can be used, or a mixture of the two may also work. N-propanol has good solvency, is volatile, non-toxic, and has a mild odor; it is an environmentally friendly alternative to benzene-based solvents, with a boiling point of 97 degrees Celsius

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