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Generally, saturated steam corresponds to a certain temperature; in reality, the steam pressure is slightly lower than the saturated vapor pressure ? ?
No, it’s just whatever the amount is. The only thing to keep in mind is that the pressure we usually refer to is gauge pressure, while the pressure corresponding to temperature is absolute pressure; there is a difference of one atmosphere between them.
Vapor pressure refers to the pressure exerted on the surface of a liquid (or solid) by the vapor of that substance present at its surface; this pressure is known as the vapor pressure of the liquid. For example, the surface of water has a vapor pressure; when this vapor pressure equals the total pressure of the gases above the water surface, the water boils. When we see water boiling, it is at 100 degrees Celsius when the vapor pressure of water equals one atmosphere. The vapor pressure changes with temperature; the higher the temperature, the greater the vapor pressure. Of course, it also depends on the type of liquid. At a certain temperature, the pressure exerted by the vapor in equilibrium with the liquid (or solid) form of the same substance is called the saturated vapor pressure, and it increases as the temperature rises. For example, the water in a cup will gradually decrease as it keeps evaporating. If pure water is placed in a sealed container and the air above it is removed. As water continues to evaporate, the pressure of the vapor phase above the water surface, that is, the pressure exerted by the water vapor, increases continuously. However, when the temperature is constant, the vapor pressure will eventually stabilize at a fixed value; this vapor pressure is known as the saturated vapor pressure of water at that temperature. When the value of the vapor pressure reaches that of the saturated steam pressure, water molecules in the liquid phase continue to vaporize, and water molecules in the vapor phase continue to condense back into a liquid. Since the rate of vaporization of water is equal to the rate of condensation of water vapor, the amount of liquid does not decrease nor does the amount of gas increase; thus, a balance is achieved between the liquid and the gas. Therefore, when the pressure of the vapor of a liquid pure substance equals its saturated vapor pressure, phase equilibrium is achieved between the vapor and liquid phases. The saturated vapor pressure is an important property of a substance, and its value depends on the nature of the substance and the temperature. The higher the saturated vapor pressure, the more volatile the substance is