What is the difference between operating procedures and work instructions?

General operating procedures and work instructions both cover the key steps of experiments as well as their principles, but the difference is that operating procedures usually do not include precautions or procedures for dealing with accidents, whereas a more comprehensive work instruction does include such elements; these can be found online

It should be more or less the same; the procedures we prepare generally include precautions, safety measures, and so on.

They are similar; the actual content is basically the same

Is confirmation and signature required for the key points of the work instruction?

In fact, the standard and common operating procedures merely include the principles of operation, the steps for using reagents and instruments, and the calculations

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There shouldn’t be any difference; I think it should basically be the same.

The original meaning of operating procedures refers to machines; in other words, the main subject is the machine. Of course, these days many people also refer to operating procedures as work procedures for humans. But I believe that if operating procedures are to be described as work procedures for humans, they should relate to an activity or a task (or procedure), or in other words, they should more or less include information regarding the operation of the machine. The main element of an operation instruction manual is the person; in other words, it represents the standard procedure for a person’s actions in a certain process (which may involve multiple activities such as machine operation, process control, corrective actions, etc.) or within a specific work section. The objects of a task can be people, events, things, or all of them, including everything

A work instruction is a brief description of the operating procedures. The operating procedures include principles, measurement range, instruments, and the preparation of reagents. Detailed operation steps, calculation results, allowable tolerances, precautions, and so on. The work instruction isn’t that detailed, but it should have numbers or something like that. Just personal opinion.

Routine operations have standard operating procedures, while for non-routine operations or before modifying the standard operating procedures, operation guides (or work instructions) are used.