Internal structure of the deaerator
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This post was last edited by zgj2405 on 2010-11-17 at 20:41. I’ve just taken on a design for a deaerator; it’s my first time working on something like this, and there are many aspects I don’t understand. I’ve just figured out the principle of deaerators online, but I’m not very clear about their internal structure. Could anyone please give me some guidance? Thank you
This post was last edited by zgj2405 on 2011-6-27 at 20:41. The deaerator is one of the key devices in boilers and heating systems. There are industry-standard requirements regarding the oxygen content in deailers: the oxygen content in the feed water for low-pressure deailers should be less than 15 мг/L, while it should be less than 7 мг/L for high-pressure deailers. The heat and mass transfer mechanisms, as well as the deoxygenation capacity of the rotary diaphragm deoxygenator, differ from those of the existing tray-type and spray-type deoxygenators. It is the most advanced type of thermal deoxygenator; it has won the Innovation Award for New Scientific and Technological Achievements from the Ministry of Electric Power, and has been designated as a product to be promoted on a priority basis by the ministry. It is also a product mandated for use in large power plants. Experience in its application has shown that the rotary film deaerator has the following advantages: 1: High deaeration capacity, with a 100% success rate in achieving the required oxygen content level in the feedwater after deaeration. 2: Runs stably, with no vibration. It can be used for negative pressure start-up and variable pressure operation, reducing the need for complex manual adjustments during start-up and operation. 3: It has good adaptability, does not require strict conditions regarding water quality or temperature, and can operate at 50% overcapacity for a short period of time. 4: The exhaust volume is less than 0.1% of the inlet water volume, so no additional exhaust cooler is required; this optimizes the equipment and reduces heat consumption, with energy usage being 1/3 lower compared to other types of thermal deaerators with the same capacity. II. Technical Specifications and Related Parameters
Specifications | Model | Rated Output (T/H) | Associated Water Tank Capacity (M3) | Operating Temperature (°C) | Operating Pressure (Mpa)
Deaeration Tower | Dimensions | Water Tank Dimensions |
CYD-10 | 10 | 5 | 104 | 0.02 | Φ662x2660 | Φ1516x3890
CYD-20 | 20 | 10 | Φ812x2650 | Φ1816x5250
CYD-35 | 35 | 20 | Φ1016x2960 | Φ2420x6230
CYD-40 | 40 | 20 | Φ1016x3140 | Φ2420x6230
CYD-50 | 50 | 25 | Φ1216x3140 | Φ2520x7460
CYD-75 | 75 | 35 | Φ1216x3560 | Φ2520x9340
CYD-85 | 85 | 35 | Φ1416x3260 | Φ2820x7000
CYD-130 | 130 | 40 | Φ1616x3360 | Φ2820x8550
CYD-150 | 150 | 50 | Φ1720x3380 | Φ2820x9460
CYD-210 | 210 | 50 | Φ1820x3460 | Φ3024x8560
The structure of the rotary film type deaerator consists of a deaeration head and a water tank. The structure of the deaerator head consists of six main parts: the casing, the rotating film element assembly, the water grate, the liquid-vapor mesh, the steam distribution plate, and the steam-water separator. The water tank consists of a main body and accessories. 1. Shell: It is formed by welding a cylinder body with a stamped elliptical head. 2. Membrane unit: Composed of a water chamber, membrane-forming tube, condensate outlet pipe, and make-up water inlet pipe. The film-forming tube and the drain pipe are both made of stainless steel; they require no maintenance during continuous operation. They constitute the main components of the rotary film deaerator, where 98% of the oxygen is removed. 3. Water sprinkling grating: The feed water that has been deoxygenated in the film-forming section, as well as the condensate introduced through the condensate pipes, undergo secondary flow reduction and distribution here, allowing the water to fall in a uniform shower-like pattern and thereby protecting the liquid-vapor network below it. The area of the water grate space shall be no less than 50% of the total cross-sectional area; it is made of stainless steel and requires no maintenance during continuous operation. 4. Fill liquid vapor network: It consists of spaced flat steel strips and a cylindrical chamber containing two layers of specially designed O-shaped stainless steel wire meshes with a thickness of 0.3 mm. Here, the feed water comes into full contact with secondary steam, is heated to saturation temperature, and undergoes thorough deoxygenation to ensure the appropriate level of oxygen removal in the water. 5. Steam distribution tray: The main heating steam enters here; its regular, evenly distributed structure ensures high-quality heating by distributing the steam evenly. Under conditions without throttling, this steam rises to heat and soften the water, enabling it to reach saturation temperature for deoxidation. 6. Steam separator: It features an internal mesh made of stainless steel filler, and its casing is designed to allow air flow; this design enables effective separation and return of water carried along with steam during oxygen discharge, making it an essential component to ensure that exhaust steam is free of water. 7. Water tank: It is fabricated by welding a cylinder body with a stamped elliptical head; reinforcement rings are installed inside it. The base is fixed to a pre-made workbench, with one end being fixed while the other end is used to install the expansion roller mechanism. The water tank is equipped with access hatches for maintenance, connections for safety valves, drainage outlets, reboiling tube connections, water seal chamber openings, gauges for measuring water level, pressure gauges, temperature gauges, and water inlets. IV. General accessories of deaerators · Safety valve—installed on the water tank; it opens automatically to release pressure when the internal pressure of the equipment exceeds the allowable level, thereby providing safety protection. ·Pressure gauge—installed at the top of the deaerator to monitor the pressure inside the equipment; usually of 1.5 class. ·Water seal tank – The interface is located at the high water level of the tank; when the water level exceeds a certain limit, it automatically drains the excess water to the drain tank or sewer. ·Bimetallic thermometer—installed in the deaerator head and at the bottom of the water tank to monitor the temperature of the water in these areas. ·Butterfly valve – installed on the heating steam pipeline; it uses an automatic regulator to control the flow of heating steam, thereby maintaining the pressure inside the deaerator within the specified range. ·Stop valve — installed on the make-up water pipe; it uses an electric water level control system to regulate the flow rate of make-up water, thereby maintaining the proper water level in the tank. ·Control valve — installed on the make-up water pipe; it uses an electric water level control system to regulate the flow rate of make-up water, thereby maintaining the proper water level in the tank. ·Electrode level gauge—installed on the water tank, it can transmit signals remotely to the control room to monitor the water level inside the tank. ·Electric gate valve – installed on the water tank drain pipeline; when the water level in the tank exceeds a certain limit, the electric gate valve opens automatically thanks to the electric level control system, allowing the excess water to be discharged into the drain tank. ·Magnetic flap level gauge – installed on the water tank, it provides an immediate visual indication of changes in the tank’s water level, and can also transmit signals over long distances. ·Pressure automatic regulator – automatically adjusts the opening degree of the heating steam inlet valve, thereby regulating the steam flow while maintaining stable pressure inside the deaerator. ·Roller mechanism——installed under a base of the water tank, it can automatically adjust the translation of the water tank due to thermal expansion and contraction. ·Electric water level control system—automatically adjusts the make-up water flow rate and controls the limit water level discharge valve (electric gate valve).
Specifications | Model | Rated Output (T/H) | Associated Water Tank Capacity (M3) | Operating Temperature (°C) | Operating Pressure (Mpa)
Deaeration Tower | Dimensions | Water Tank Dimensions |
CYD-10 | 10 | 5 | 104 | 0.02 | Φ662x2660 | Φ1516x3890
CYD-20 | 20 | 10 | Φ812x2650 | Φ1816x5250
CYD-35 | 35 | 20 | Φ1016x2960 | Φ2420x6230
CYD-40 | 40 | 20 | Φ1016x3140 | Φ2420x6230
CYD-50 | 50 | 25 | Φ1216x3140 | Φ2520x7460
CYD-75 | 75 | 35 | Φ1216x3560 | Φ2520x9340
CYD-85 | 85 | 35 | Φ1416x3260 | Φ2820x7000
CYD-130 | 130 | 40 | Φ1616x3360 | Φ2820x8550
CYD-150 | 150 | 50 | Φ1720x3380 | Φ2820x9460
CYD-210 | 210 | 50 | Φ1820x3460 | Φ3024x8560
The structure of the rotary film type deaerator consists of a deaeration head and a water tank. The structure of the deaerator head consists of six main parts: the casing, the rotating film element assembly, the water grate, the liquid-vapor mesh, the steam distribution plate, and the steam-water separator. The water tank consists of a main body and accessories. 1. Shell: It is formed by welding a cylinder body with a stamped elliptical head. 2. Membrane unit: Composed of a water chamber, membrane-forming tube, condensate outlet pipe, and make-up water inlet pipe. The film-forming tube and the drain pipe are both made of stainless steel; they require no maintenance during continuous operation. They constitute the main components of the rotary film deaerator, where 98% of the oxygen is removed. 3. Water sprinkling grating: The feed water that has been deoxygenated in the film-forming section, as well as the condensate introduced through the condensate pipes, undergo secondary flow reduction and distribution here, allowing the water to fall in a uniform shower-like pattern and thereby protecting the liquid-vapor network below it. The area of the water grate space shall be no less than 50% of the total cross-sectional area; it is made of stainless steel and requires no maintenance during continuous operation. 4. Fill liquid vapor network: It consists of spaced flat steel strips and a cylindrical chamber containing two layers of specially designed O-shaped stainless steel wire meshes with a thickness of 0.3 mm. Here, the feed water comes into full contact with secondary steam, is heated to saturation temperature, and undergoes thorough deoxygenation to ensure the appropriate level of oxygen removal in the water. 5. Steam distribution tray: The main heating steam enters here; its regular, evenly distributed structure ensures high-quality heating by distributing the steam evenly. Under conditions without throttling, this steam rises to heat and soften the water, enabling it to reach saturation temperature for deoxidation. 6. Steam separator: It features an internal mesh made of stainless steel filler, and its casing is designed to allow air flow; this design enables effective separation and return of water carried along with steam during oxygen discharge, making it an essential component to ensure that exhaust steam is free of water. 7. Water tank: It is fabricated by welding a cylinder body with a stamped elliptical head; reinforcement rings are installed inside it. The base is fixed to a pre-made workbench, with one end being fixed while the other end is used to install the expansion roller mechanism. The water tank is equipped with access hatches for maintenance, connections for safety valves, drainage outlets, reboiling tube connections, water seal chamber openings, gauges for measuring water level, pressure gauges, temperature gauges, and water inlets. IV. General accessories of deaerators · Safety valve—installed on the water tank; it opens automatically to release pressure when the internal pressure of the equipment exceeds the allowable level, thereby providing safety protection. ·Pressure gauge—installed at the top of the deaerator to monitor the pressure inside the equipment; usually of 1.5 class. ·Water seal tank – The interface is located at the high water level of the tank; when the water level exceeds a certain limit, it automatically drains the excess water to the drain tank or sewer. ·Bimetallic thermometer—installed in the deaerator head and at the bottom of the water tank to monitor the temperature of the water in these areas. ·Butterfly valve – installed on the heating steam pipeline; it uses an automatic regulator to control the flow of heating steam, thereby maintaining the pressure inside the deaerator within the specified range. ·Stop valve — installed on the make-up water pipe; it uses an electric water level control system to regulate the flow rate of make-up water, thereby maintaining the proper water level in the tank. ·Control valve — installed on the make-up water pipe; it uses an electric water level control system to regulate the flow rate of make-up water, thereby maintaining the proper water level in the tank. ·Electrode level gauge—installed on the water tank, it can transmit signals remotely to the control room to monitor the water level inside the tank. ·Electric gate valve – installed on the water tank drain pipeline; when the water level in the tank exceeds a certain limit, the electric gate valve opens automatically thanks to the electric level control system, allowing the excess water to be discharged into the drain tank. ·Magnetic flap level gauge – installed on the water tank, it provides an immediate visual indication of changes in the tank’s water level, and can also transmit signals over long distances. ·Pressure automatic regulator – automatically adjusts the opening degree of the heating steam inlet valve, thereby regulating the steam flow while maintaining stable pressure inside the deaerator. ·Roller mechanism——installed under a base of the water tank, it can automatically adjust the translation of the water tank due to thermal expansion and contraction. ·Electric water level control system—automatically adjusts the make-up water flow rate and controls the limit water level discharge valve (electric gate valve).
I searched for a long time but couldn’t find the right information