Working principle and schematic diagram of submersible pumps

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With the development of rural electrification, submersible pumps have become an essential tool, ranging from domestic water use to farmland irrigation. The working principle of a submersible pump is that before it starts operating, the suction pipe and the interior of the pump must be filled with liquid. After the pump is started, the impeller rotates at high speed; the liquid inside rotates along with the blades. Under the effect of centrifugal force, the liquid is ejected outward from the impeller. As it moves through the diffusion chamber in the pump casing, its velocity gradually decreases while its pressure increases, before it finally flows out through the pump outlet and the discharge pipe. At this point, a vacuum low-pressure area devoid of both air and liquid is formed at the center of the blade as the liquid is flung outward. Under the effect of the atmospheric pressure at the surface of the liquid pool, the liquid flows into the pump through the suction pipe; in this way, the liquid is continuously drawn up from the pool and then continuously discharged through the outlet pipe.