What is the working principle of a solenoid valve?

In simple terms, electrical energy is converted into magnetic energy, which gives the armature the ability to attract the solenoid valve core and move it from one position to another.

The working principle of a solenoid valve is as follows: it contains a sealed chamber, with holes opened at various positions within this chamber; each hole leads to a different oil pipe. At the center of the chamber is a valve, and on either side of it are two electromagnets. When the coil of one of these magnets is energized, the valve body is attracted to that side. By controlling the movement of the valve body, it is possible to block or allow fluid to flow through the different oil outlet holes. The oil inlet hole remains open at all times, allowing hydraulic oil to enter the various oil outlet pipes. The pressure of the oil then pushes the piston inside the cylinder, which in turn drives the piston rod, and the piston rod activates the mechanical device. In this way, controlling the current to the electromagnet controls the mechanical motion.