The principle of centrifugal separation

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There are various ways to classify centrifuges; for example, based on the mode of operation, they can be divided into batch-operated centrifuges and continuous-operated centrifuges； Based on the structure of the centrifuge drum, they can be classified into vertical centrifuges and horizontal centrifuges, etc. Based on the separation factor of the centrifuge, it can be classified into three types: low-speed centrifuges, high-speed centrifuges, and ultracentrifuges. The principle of centrifugal separation is as follows: When a suspension containing fine particles is left at rest, the gravitational force causes the suspended particles to gradually sink; the greater the density of the particles, the faster they sink ； Conversely, when the density of the particles is less than that of the liquid, the particles will float upward; the lower the density of the particles, the faster they will float. We know that the speed of particle movement in a gravitational field is related to the particle’s size, shape, and density, as well as to the intensity of the gravitational field and the viscosity of the liquid. Furthermore, diffusion also occurs as the particles settle in the medium. Diffusion is related to the size of the particles; the smaller the particles, the more pronounced the diffusion phenomenon. The diffusion of particles is unconditional and absolute ； Settling, on the other hand, is relative and conditional; it requires an external force to occur.