One Question per Day on the Basic Knowledge of Compound Fertilizers and Functional Fertilizers – 80

1. Correct； 2. Correct.

By looking at the information below, I think question 1 is correct; question 2 is difficult to understand regarding how acidity leads to nitrogen loss – it would be more appropriate to say that nitrogen may be lost when the water becomes acidic. Phosphate fertilizer application techniques. Publication date: Source: 1. Apply according to the soil conditions. Soil conditions are closely related to the efficacy of phosphorus fertilizers. On soils with low levels of organic matter and available phosphorus, applying it to the vast majority of crops can increase yields. Therefore, phosphate fertilizers should be prioritized for use in soils with low organic matter content and phosphorus deficiency, in order to maximize their effectiveness. Furthermore, when selecting phosphorus fertilizer varieties, soil conditions must also be taken into account; in neutral and calcareous alkaline soils, weakly acidic water-soluble phosphorus fertilizers such as superphosphate are preferable ； In acidic soils, it is advisable to use slightly alkaline calcium-magnesium phosphate fertilizer. 2. Apply nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium together. The combined application of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium promotes each other, maintains nutritional balance, and improves the efficiency of fertilizer use. 3. Apply in combination with organic fertilizer. The application of a mixture of phosphate fertilizers and organic fertilizers can reduce soil adsorption and fixation of phosphorus, promote the release of insoluble phosphorus, enhance root vitality, and thus improve the efficacy of phosphate fertilizers. 4. Due to crop application. Different crops have varying requirements for phosphorus as well as different capacities to absorb and utilize it. Practice has shown that legumes, rapeseed, wheat, cotton, tubers, melons, and fruit trees are all phosphorus-loving crops, and the application of phosphate fertilizers yields good fertilizer effects. Especially leguminous crops are sensitive to phosphorus; the application of phosphatic fertilizers can significantly increase yield and nitrogen fixation, thereby achieving the effect of \"increasing nitrogen through phosphorus\". 5. Apply at the appropriate time. The critical period for crop phosphorus demand is the seedling stage, during which application yields the greatest efficiency. A phosphorus deficiency during the seedling stage can affect later growth, and it is difficult to reverse the damage caused by this deficiency even if phosphorus is applied later on. Therefore, phosphate fertilizers should be used as base fertilizers, seed fertilizers, for fertilizing seedling fields and nurseries, for dipping seedling roots, and as early top-dressings. 6. Apply in a fine spray. Superphosphate tends to absorb moisture and clump together during storage; therefore, it should be broken up and screened before application to facilitate absorption by the root system. 7. Apply in concentrated amounts. Phosphorus is easily immobilized by elements such as iron, aluminum, and calcium in the soil, resulting in reduced effectiveness; the utilization rate during that growing season is only 10%-25%. This is especially true in various clay soils, where the application of phosphatic fertilizers does not allow for optimal fertilizer efficiency. By using concentrated application methods such as hole application, strip application, seed dressing, and dipping rice seedlings’ roots, and applying phosphorus fertilizer in the soil layers where the roots are dense, the contact area between the phosphorus fertilizer and the soil can be reduced, soil fixation of phosphorus can be minimized, and its utilization efficiency can be increased. 8. Apply in layers. Phosphatic fertilizers have low mobility in the soil; once applied, they remain in that location. Therefore, phosphorus fertilizer should be applied both at the bottom layer and in the shallow surface layer. Generally, 20-40 kilograms of phosphorus fertilizer are applied per mu, with one-third applied at a shallow depth and two-thirds at a deeper depth. 9. Foliar spraying. Foliar spraying with superphosphate leachate features low fertilizer usage, rapid efficacy, and high utilization rate. It is more effective to apply the spray once during the booting stage and once during the filling stage. Cereal crops can be sprayed at a concentration of 1%-3% on sunny mornings or evenings. 10. Apply micronutrient fertilizers. While applying phosphorus in an appropriate manner, adding 1 kilogram of zinc fertilizer and 0.5 kilograms of boron fertilizer per mu for wheat yields even better increases in yield. 11. Apply in appropriate amounts. Although the utilization rate of phosphate fertilizers is low in the same growing season, their effects last for a long time; generally, one application as a base fertilizer is sufficient to support 2 to 3 cropping cycles. Therefore, when a large amount of phosphate fertilizer is applied at once, there is no need to apply it for each crop cycle; generally, it is sufficient to apply it once every 1 to 2 years as a base application. 12. Do not mix with alkaline fertilizers. Both plant ash and lime are highly alkaline substances; if applied together, they will significantly reduce the effectiveness of phosphorus fertilizers. It is generally advisable to apply them 7-10 days apart. Chen Chuanwu

Right, right