What are the differences in performance between swing check valves and vertical check valves?

I recommend that you read the section on valves in the petrochemical pipeline design written by Cai Erfu

Applications 　　The swing check valve is suitable for nominal pressures of PN1.0MPa~42.0MPa and Classes 150-2500； Nominal diameter DN15~1200mm, NPS1/2~48 ； Used in various pipelines operating at temperatures ranging from -196 to 540°C to prevent backflow of the medium. By selecting different materials, it can be used with various media such as water, steam, oils, nitric acid, acetic acid, strongly oxidizing substances, and urea. 　　Suitable for clean media; not suitable for media containing solid particles and those with high viscosity. Main materials for this section: carbon steel, low-temperature steel, duplex steel (F51/F53), titanium alloy, aluminum bronze, INCONEL 625, SS304, SS304L, SS316, SS316L ； Metal materials such as chromium-molybdenum steel, Monel (400/500), 20# alloy, and Hastelloy. Standards and specifications: 1. Design and manufacturing: API594, API6D, JB/T8937. 2. Structural length: API594, API6D, DIN3202, JB/T8937 for swing check valves. 3. Pressure-temperature classes: SNSIB16.34, DIN2401, GB/T9124, HG20604, HG20625, SH3406, JB/T74. 4. Testing and inspection: API598, JB/T9092. 5. Pipe flanges: JB/T74–90, GB/T9112–9124, HG20592–20635, SH3406, ANSI B16.5, DIN2543–2548, GB/T13402, API605, ASME B16.47. Structural features: 1. Short structural length – only 1/4 to 1/8 of that of traditional flanged check valves. 2. Small size and light weight – its weight is only 1/4 to 1/20 of that of traditional flanged check valves. 3. The valve disc closes quickly, resulting in low water hammer pressure. 4. Can be used in both horizontal and vertical pipelines, making installation convenient. 5. Smooth flow path with low fluid resistance. 6. Sensitive operation and good sealing performance. 7. Short valve disc travel, resulting in low closing impact force. 8. Integrated structure, simple and compact design with an attractive appearance. 9. Long service life and high reliability. 1. Principle of operation: The up and down movement of the cylinder plunger helps the valve disc open and close rapidly to achieve sealing. 2. Structural description: A. Structural type: Swing type with a single valve disc. B. Driving method: Welded connection. C. Connection type: Welded connection. D. The opening and closing of the valve are controlled by a pneumatic device, which speeds up the process. 　　(1) Maintenance 　　1. This valve should be stored in a dry and well-ventilated area to prevent moisture, rain, and rust. 　　2 During storage and transportation for one month, the closing elements should be in the closed position. Meanwhile, the following measures should be taken: a The valve disc should be fixed in the open position. b The inner openings at both ends of the passage should be blocked with foam boards, and the ports should be sealed with plugs to prevent dust and rust, while also keeping the passage clean and the end surfaces flat ； 　　c The cylinder area should be properly packaged for protection, as well as to prevent shock and damage ； 　　d The valves should be placed steadily, with the pneumatic actuation units facing upward, and they must not press against each other. 　　3 Regular inspections should be carried out when stored for an extended period. Every three months, the dirt and rust on the two-channel sealing surfaces as well as the condition of the protection at the weld joints are inspected; after removing the dirt and rust, anti-rust oil is reapplied for protection. 　　Installation and Use 1. The steam extraction check valve is installed vertically on a horizontal pipe, and it is usually kept in an fully open position during use. 　　2 Rotary check valves should be installed preferentially in horizontal pipelines, and can also be installed in vertical pipelines where the medium flows from bottom to top. 　　3 Before installation, the following tasks should be carried out first: A. Remove the cover plates and foam boards at both ends of the valve passage, clean the interior cavity, and remove any oil deposits ； 　　Remove the oil paper from the surface of the valve disc, and eliminate the oil deposits on its surface ； 　　4 The flow direction of the medium during installation must be restricted. 　　5 The medium flowing through the pipeline should not contain hard particles, to avoid damaging the sealing surfaces. 6 Before leaving the factory, each valve is inspected and tested to ensure it meets the required standards; the installing party can then proceed with pressure testing or use the valve immediately. Vertical check valve: The pressure of the medium at the inlet end of the pipeline is used to overcome the resistance of the spring in order to open or close the valve. When the pressure of the medium at the inlet side is lower than that at the outlet side, the spring pushes the valve core against the valve seat, closing the valve and preventing the medium from flowing in reverse; thus, it acts as a check valve. Vertical check valves are widely used in industries such as chemicals, liquefied petroleum gas, and fluids. Classified by structure, check valves can be divided into lift-type check valves, swing-type check valves, and butterfly check valves. A vertical check valve is a type of valve whose valve disc opens and closes automatically due to the flow of the medium itself, and it is used to prevent the backflow of the medium. It is also known as a non-return valve, one-way valve, reverse flow valve, and backpressure valve. A check valve is a type of automatic valve whose main function is to prevent the backflow of fluid, to stop the pump and its driving motor from rotating in reverse, and to prevent the leakage of fluid from containers. Check valves can also be used in pipelines that supply auxiliary systems whose pressure may rise above the system pressure. Check valves can be mainly divided into swing check valves (rotating around their center of gravity) and lift check valves (moving along their axis). 　　The function of this type of valve is to allow the medium to flow in only one direction and to prevent flow in the opposite direction. Usually, this type of valve operates automatically; the valve disc opens under the pressure of fluid flowing in one direction ； When the fluid flows in the opposite direction, the fluid pressure together with the weight of the valve disc causes the valve disc to act on the valve seat, thereby stopping the flow. 　　Among them, internal thread check valves and butterfly check valves belong to this type of valve; it also includes swing check valves and lift check valves. A swing check valve has a hinge mechanism, as well as a valve disc that resembles a door and rests freely on an inclined valve seat surface. To ensure that the valve disc always reaches the appropriate position on the valve seat surface, it is designed with a hinge mechanism, allowing sufficient rotation space for the valve disc and enabling it to make true, full contact with the valve seat. The valve disc can be made entirely of metal, or leather, rubber, or synthetic covers can be embedded in metal, depending on the requirements of its performance. When a swing check valve is fully open, the fluid pressure encounters little resistance; therefore, the pressure drop across the valve is relatively small. The disc of the lift-type check valve is seated on the seat sealing surface of the valve body. Apart from the valve disc, which can move up and down freely, this valve functions in the same way as a globe valve: fluid pressure lifts the valve disc off the sealing surface of the valve seat, while backflow causes the valve disc to return to the valve seat, thereby stopping the flow. Depending on the operating conditions, the valve disc can be of a fully metallic structure, or it can consist of a frame with rubber gaskets or rings embedded in it. Like globe valves, the flow passage through lift check valves is also narrow; therefore, the pressure drop across lift check valves is greater than that across swing check valves, and the flow rate of swing check valves is subject to far fewer restrictions. Classification of vertical check valves Vertical check valves can be classified based on their structure and installation method as follows: 1. The valve disc of a vertical check valve is disk-shaped and rotates around an axis located in the valve seat passage. Due to the streamlined shape of the flow channel within the valve, its flow resistance is lower than that of lift-type check valves. It is suitable for applications with low flow rates and little variation in flow conditions, as well as for large-diameter applications; however, it is not appropriate for use with pulsating flows, and its sealing performance is inferior to that of lift-type valves. Butterfly check valves come in three types: single-disc, double-disc, and semi-double-disc. These three types are primarily classified based on the valve diameter, with the aim of reducing hydraulic shock when the flow of the medium stops or reverses. 　　2. Vertical check valve: A check valve in which the valve disc slides along the vertical center line of the valve body. Silencing check valves can only be installed in horizontal pipelines, and spherical shapes can be used for the valve disc in high-pressure, small-diameter check valves. The valve body shape of the silencing check valve is the same as that of a globe valve (it can be used interchangeably with a globe valve), so its fluid resistance coefficient is relatively high. Its structure is similar to that of a globe valve, with the valve body and valve disc being identical to those in a globe valve. Guiding sleeves are machined on the upper part of the valve disc and the lower part of the valve cover; the valve disc’s guiding sleeve can move up and down freely within the valve seat’s guiding sleeve. When the medium flows in the correct direction, the valve disc opens due to the thrust exerted by the medium. When the flow stops, the valve disc drops back down onto the valve seat, thereby preventing the medium from flowing in the reverse direction. In the straight-through butterfly check valve, the direction of the medium inlet and outlet channels is perpendicular to the direction of the valve seat channels ； A vertical lift-type check valve, in which the directions of the inlet and outlet channels for the fluid are the same as the direction of the valve seat channel, resulting in lower flow resistance compared to a straight-through type. 　　3. Vertical check valve: A check valve in which the valve disc rotates around a pin inside the valve seat. The disc check valve has a simple structure, can only be installed in horizontal pipelines, and offers good sealing performance. 　　4. Vertical check valve: A valve in which the valve disc slides along the center line of the valve body. The tubular check valve is a newly developed type of valve; it is small in size, lightweight, and easy to manufacture, representing one of the trends in the development of check valves. However, the fluid resistance coefficient is slightly higher than that of the swing check valve. 　　5. Compression check valve: This type of valve is used as a valve for shutting off boiler feed water and steam; it combines the functions of a lift-type check valve with those of a globe valve or angle valve. 　　In addition, there are also some check valves that are not suitable for installation at the pump outlet, such as foot valves, spring-type check valves, Y-type check valves, etc. Edit this section: Uses and performance specifications of vertical check valves. These valves are used in industrial pipelines as devices to prevent the backflow of fluids. 　　Performance Specifications – Edit this section. Explanation of the working principle and structure of the vertical check valve: During operation of this valve, the medium flows in the direction indicated by the arrows in the diagram. 　　1. When the medium flows in the specified direction, the valve disc is opened under the action of the force exerted by the medium. When the medium flows in the opposite direction, the weight of the valve disc together with the force exerted by the medium in the reverse direction causes the valve disc to fit tightly against the sealing surface of the valve seat, thereby closing the valve and preventing the medium from flowing back. 　　2. The sealing surfaces of the valve body and valve disc are clad with stainless steel. 　　3. The nominal length of this valve is in accordance with the provisions of GB12221-1989, while the flange connection dimensions are in line with the provisions of JB/T79-1994. Materials for the main components of vertical check valves Key points for construction and installation 1) The installation location, height, and direction of the inlets and outlets must comply with the design requirements; care should be taken to ensure that the flow direction of the medium is consistent with the direction indicated by the arrows on the valve body, and the connections must be firm and secure. 　　2) Before installing the valve, an visual inspection must be carried out; the valve’s nameplate shall comply with the provisions of the current standard **“General Symbols for Valves” GB 12220. For valves with a working pressure greater than 1.0 MPa and those that serve to shut off flow in main pipelines, strength and tightness tests must be conducted before installation, and they may only be used after passing these tests. During the strength test, the test pressure shall be 1.5 times the nominal pressure, and the test shall last for no less than 5 minutes; the valve housing and packing must show no leakage to be considered qualified. During the tightness test, the test pressure is 1.1 times the nominal pressure ； The duration of the test meets the requirements of GB 50243. So, it depends on what process you are using and how you intend to use it.