Seek an explanation for “charged sequences”

When objects made of different materials rub against each other, one of the objects must acquire a positive charge, while the other acquires a negative charge. A charged sequence refers to an arrangement of substances ordered from positive charge to negative charge, based on the presence of positive and negative charges. The triboelectric charging sequence is: 　(+) Glass, acrylic, nylon, wool, silk, celluloid, cotton fabrics, paper, metal, black rubber, polyester, vinylon, polystyrene, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene (-)

Reply to 2# woliaibo: However, the design specifications for static grounding in the petrochemical industry also state that the main ways in which static electricity is generated are as follows: 1. Rapid separation after close contact between similar or different types of objects； 2. The object is covered with statically charged particles ； 3. Charge an uncharged object through induction or polarization ； In this context, can I consider “the same type” to mean the same substance? In other words, does rapid separation after close contact between the same type of objects also generate static electricity? In confusion, was it me who misunderstood? I have many doubts regarding knowledge about static electricity; I haven’t been able to figure them out. At work, no one can help me, so I had to turn to a friend in Sichuan for advice.

Reply to 3# zengwenlfo: When objects of the same type or different types come into close contact and then separate quickly, it is certainly possible for them to become charged. For example, triboelectric charging occurs when you wear two polyester garments; if you drag one of them at night, sparks will appear. Wear one made of polyester, and the same goes for one made of acrylic. This is what happens when objects of the same or different types come into rapid contact and then separate quickly; this results in an uneven distribution of positive and negative charges, leading to a loss of balance, which manifests as static electricity on a macroscopic level.

Code for Design of Static Grounding in Petrochemical Industries SH3097－2000 **Approved by the Bureau of Petroleum and Chemical Industries on 2000-06-30; implemented on 2000-10-01. It’s clearly stated there; I won’t repeat it if it’s already available to you.

Reply to 4# woliaibo: From a microscopic perspective, friction generates static electricity due to the contact and collision between two atoms; the different forces exerted by protons on the outermost electrons cause electrons to be transferred, resulting in the separation of positive and negative charges. If it is the same substance, the force exerted by protons on the outermost electrons is identical; as a result, no electron transfer occurs, no separation of positive and negative charges takes place, and therefore no static electricity is generated. Does rapid contact followed by rapid separation of the same object cause uneven distribution of positive and negative charges? Which one has a positive charge, and which one has a negative charge? Flipping a coin once will result in either heads or tails; the ratio of heads to tails will vary when flipping the coin ten times, but it will be the same if the coin is flipped one hundred thousand times.

Reply to 6# zengwenlfo: You’re right; on a macro level, it doesn’t show any incoming calls. That’s why it’s called static electricity. Static electricity is released only when external conditions are triggered. When not excited, positive and negative charges are in equilibrium; it is only when there is an external disturbance that these charges are released.