Economic Benefit Analysis of Coal Tar Hydrogenation Technology
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This post was last edited by lijianhuai on 2012-6-14 13:29. Coal pyrolysis (dry distillation) can produce semi-coke, coal tar, and coke oven gas. How to utilize coal pyrolysis, differentiated utilization, and cogeneration technologies to achieve efficient conversion of solid energy (raw coal) into three types of energy – solid (blue carbon), liquid (coal tar–fuel oil), and gaseous (coke oven gas–chemical products) – and thus realize the differentiated use of coal, is key to promoting the upgrading of the blue carbon industry. At present, the technology for producing light oil and diesel through the hydrogenation of medium- and low-temperature coal tar has been industrialized. The 500,000-ton medium-temperature coal tar lightening project carried out by a chemical company utilizes coal pyrolysis as well as a process of \"two hydrogenations followed by tail oil cracking\" to carry out hydrogenation treatment of coal tar, thereby producing qualified fuel oils and naphtha. In March 2010, it passed a 72-hour on-site evaluation and technical assessment organized by the China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation; the yield of liquid products from coking was 76.8%, while the yield of liquid products from the hydrogenation unit reached 96.3% ； Compared with the indirect coal liquefaction method currently used by Shenhua and Yankuang, this process has significant advantages such as lower investment, reduced energy consumption, lower costs, better efficiency, and higher utilization of thermal energy (Table 6). At the same time, the coke oven gas produced by external heating pyrolysis technology has favorable quality parameters and a high calorific value (typically ranging from 3300 to 3700 kcal/Nm3), with a hydrogen content of 44–52%. It serves as a chemical raw material with high added value, and can be used to produce chemicals such as methanol, ethylene glycol, and ammonium carbonate; the related technologies are mature. If coal tar and coke oven gas are fully utilized, the value of raw coal will increase from about 1.5 times its current level to over 3 times, the energy consumption per unit of semi-coke will decrease by at least 5 times, and the overall efficiency of the semi-coke industry will **improve**. Therefore, it is recommended that, on the basis of introducing advanced furnace types and processes, greater efforts be made to deepen the processing of coal tar and coke oven gas. The focus should shift from solely producing semi-coke to giving equal importance to semi-coke, coal tar, and coke oven gas, with the aim of gradually expanding the downstream industrial chain. The various components of the pyrolysis gases, liquids, and solid products should be utilized in a targeted and comprehensive manner, while by-products and waste materials should be recycled. This will help to expand the range of products available, thereby establishing a three-tier industrial system comprising primary processing, intermediate processing, and advanced processing (Figure 1), thus promoting the optimization and upgrading of the city’s semi-coke industry. Table 1: Comparison of technical parameters for coal tar hydrogenation and indirect coal-to-oil processesParameter | Coal tar hydrogenation | Indirect oil production method | Coal tar hydrogenation/Indirect method
--- | --- | --- | ---
Investment per 10,000 tons of oil products | 40.6 million yuan | 97.5 million yuan | 0.416 million yuan
Coal consumption per ton of oil | 1.35 tons | 4.48 tons (4.8 tons in South Africa) | 0.301 tons
Water consumption per ton of oil | 3.42 tons | 11.45 tons (11.48 tons in South Africa) | 0.299 tons
Electricity consumption per ton of oil | 188 kWh | 745 kWh (698 kWh in South Africa) | 0.25
Cost per ton of oil (including taxes) | 2,348 yuan | 3,565 yuan | 0.659
Note: The figures for coal tar hydrogenation are based on a plant capacity of 400,000 tons ； Raw coal is priced at 250 yuan per ton. Editor’s note: This article is taken from the \"Research Report on the Development of Lignite Industry in Yulin City.\" The authors are members of the research team from the Development and Reform Commission; the team leader is Ai Baoquan, while other members include Ma Fuquan, Yang Yang, Wang Yu, and Ai Kunshan. Source: http://www.tyci.com.cn/cooperation.asp
These figures are quite old; looking at the past year, Jinhui Tianyuan’s 500,000-ton coal tar hydrogenation project (50? Still 40? It is said to be 650 million yuan, with a monthly net profit of 50 million yuan, which is quite substantial. It will have a huge impact on the coal tar processing industry
Hydrocracking and lightening reactions of the heavy fractions of coal tar with a temperature above 370°C are carried out using coal tar hydrogenation catalysts in heterogeneous suspension beds or bubble columns. After the reaction products are separated to yield light oil, most of the tail oil containing the catalyst is directly recycled to the suspension bed reactor for further lightening; a small portion of this tail oil is subjected to catalyst removal treatment before being recycled to the suspension bed reactor. This approach ensures that all or as much of the heavy fractions as possible is recycled to the suspension bed reactor for further processing. The removed catalyst is either discarded or regenerated, thereby achieving maximum production of light oil from coal tar and recycling of the catalyst. It improves the efficiency of utilizing both the raw material and the catalyst, resulting in high yields of light oil, with the highest yield exceeding 93%.
Shaanxi Coal and Chemical Industry Group Shenmu Tianyuan has a capacity of 400,000 tons per year, 50 tons per hour
Tianyuan’s effectiveness is indeed remarkable; their technology seems to be the first of its kind in the country. The design and manufacturing of all the packing for the internal components in his facility are carried out by Wuhan Shunyuan Petrochemical Equipment Co., Ltd
Regarding coal tar hydrogenation, we can discuss it. The moderator, please give me some information and I’ll add you on QQ.
With so many coal tar hydrogenation units being installed these days, is there still a market? What are the channels for purchasing raw materials? What was the approximate investment for the previous 100,000 tons per year facility?
I work in coal tar hydrogenation at Qinghua in Inner Mongolia; those who are familiar with this field might be able to exchange some ideas with me
The technology for producing gasoline and diesel through the hydrogenation of high-temperature coal tar – the only successfully operational industrial facility of this kind in China is located at Heilongjiang Baotailong Chemical. Currently, Heilongjiang Baotailong Chemical and Ningbo Chemical Research and Design Institute are working together to promote this technology; for more details, please contact wangyq1971@163.com