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金属の破壊

2017-06-07View Original

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金属はなぜ交流応力下で疲労破壊を起こすのか
Reply #22017-06-07
部材が長期にわたる交番応力の作用を受けると、その応力は材料の降伏限界よりはるかに小さいにもかかわらず、明らかな塑性変形が生じないまま破断する現象を金属の疲労と呼ぶ。金属疲労によって生じる破壊を疲労破壊と呼びます。疲労破壊が発生する原因は、応力が何度も繰り返し変化することで、応力が最も大きくなる部分や欠陥のある部分に微細な亀裂が生じ、その亀裂の先端で著しい応力集中が起こります。繰り返しの応力負荷が増えるにつれて、亀裂は徐々に拡大し、最終的に破壊に至ります。

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