Seeking help with the flooding problem in vacuum distillation

Reply to 1# jzwtsbb: For a packing tower, flooding is related to the liquid flow rate and the gas velocity in the empty tower. As shown in the figure above, when the pressure difference rises rapidly, that is the first line, which is called the load point; the second line represents the overflow point. When the gas velocity is low, the downward flow rate of the liquid through the packing layer is almost independent of the gas velocity. As the gas velocity increases, friction between the upward-moving gas stream and the downward-flowing liquid hinders the liquid’s movement, resulting in a phenomenon known as liquid holdup. This occurs at what is called the carry point. If the gas velocity continues to increase, the liquid can no longer flow downward properly, and flooding takes place. The main phenomenon in a distillation column is a rapid increase in column pressure; the rising gas fails to come into sufficient contact with the descending liquid, resulting in foam entrainment. This leads to an increase in the concentration of heavier components in the gas exiting at the top of the column, as well as an increase in the concentration of lighter components at the bottom of the column. The main reasons for flooding are gas velocity and washing volume. The greater the leaching volume, the higher the probability of flooding. L0 in the figure

It’s a textbook-style explanation, but it doesn’t mention the solution. There are also solutions in the book. I just don’t know what the most effective method is for carrying out the operations, one that takes the least time and does not affect the quality of the product at the bottom or top of the tower. I appreciate your advice.

I encountered the same problem while doing experiments; I hope someone can explain it. Thank you!