Essential for beginners in engineering: Master the standards for classifying engineering categories in one minute

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Essential for beginners in engineering: Mastering the criteria for classifying engineering projects in one minute. 1. Construction projects: 1) Criteria for classifying construction projects: http://img.civilcn.com/d/file/zhishi/gcgl/2018-07-13/64b5864d4d2db56c038bd24b06eec16b.jpg 2) Criteria for classifying decoration projects: http://img.civilcn.com/d/file/zhishi/gcgl/2018-07-13/8e843138b60c3a8ad5ea03fc3888de17.jpg 3) Explanations regarding project classification: Construction projects are classified into industrial construction projects, civil construction projects, structure-related projects, standalone earthwork projects, pile foundation projects, and decoration projects, with further subcategories within each category. 1. Category classification (1) Industrial construction projects: refer to construction projects engaged in material production and those that directly serve material production. It generally includes: production (processing, storage, and transportation) workshops, laboratory workshops, warehouses, domestic boiler rooms, and other buildings for production purposes. (2) Civil building projects: refer to non-productive buildings that are directly used to meet people’s material and cultural needs. It generally includes: residential buildings and various public construction projects. Independent laboratories and testing rooms in scientific research institutions are classified according to the categories for civil building projects. (3) Structure engineering: refers to projects that are associated with industrial or civil buildings, or are independent of such construction projects. It generally includes: chimneys, water towers, warehouses, ponds, etc. (4) Separate earthwork and rockwork projects: Refer to earthwork and rockwork projects other than those related to the foundations of buildings, structures, municipal facilities, etc., for which separate estimates and budgets are prepared. This includes the excavation, filling, and transportation of earth and stone. (5) Pile foundation engineering: refers to a type of deep foundation used when shallow foundations on natural soil layers are insufficient to meet the stability requirements of buildings and structures. It mainly includes various cast-in-place and precast concrete piles as well as other pile foundations. (6) Decoration work: Refers to the decorative finishing work carried out on the surface of the building’s main structure and in related areas, such as plastering, tiling, and applying surface finishes, after the completion of the main structural elements, in order to achieve the design objectives of the building. 2. Instructions related to construction projects: (1) The classification of projects is determined based on individual construction units. (2) For miscellaneous items used in conjunction with buildings, such as septic tanks and inspection wells, the type of project shall be determined according to the category of the respective building. Other ancillary items, such as fences, retaining walls within the yard, courtyard roads, and outdoor pipe trench frames, are classified according to Category III standards for construction projects. (3) The height of buildings and structures is measured from the designed outdoor ground level up to the height of the roof eaves. Elevator shafts, water tank rooms, and tower sections that extend above the roof are not included in the height calculation. The area of a building is calculated in accordance with the rules governing the calculation of building area. The span of a building is calculated based on the axis span indicated in the design drawings. (4) For steel structure projects in non-industrial buildings, the project category shall be determined with reference to those in industrial building projects. (5) For the light-frame structures attached to residential buildings, the applicable engineering category is that of brick-concrete structures ； However, when the number of design floors is greater than 18 or the building area is greater than 12,000 m2, the classification for Class I projects of other types of residential buildings shall be applied. (6) For the equipment foundations of industrial buildings, if the volume of concrete per unit is greater than 1000 m3, it is classified as a Class I structure; if the volume of concrete per unit is greater than 600 m3, it is classified as a Class II structure ； When the volume of concrete per unit is less than or equal to 600 m3 and greater than 50 m3, it shall be calculated as a Class III structure project ； For equipment foundations with a volume of 50 m3 or less, the classification is determined based on the engineering category of the corresponding building or structure. (7) When the structural types of the same building differ, the project category shall be determined based on the structural type with the larger floor area. (8) Dynamic compaction projects are all treated as separate earthwork and rockwork projects of Category II. 3. Instructions regarding decoration projects: (1) The decoration projects for special types of buildings in civil construction, including theaters, stadiums, exhibition halls, and luxury conference halls, are all classified as Category I projects. (2) The decoration projects for public buildings in civil buildings, including complex buildings, office buildings, teaching buildings, libraries, and other such structures, are all classified as Category II projects. (3) The decoration of general residential buildings is designated as Class III projects. (4) Projects such as individual signs, light boxes, and decorative lettering are all classified as Category III projects. (5) Separate exterior wall decoration, including curtain wall projects and various types of dry-hanging exterior walls. II. Installation Projects 1. Criteria for Classifying Project Types 1. Equipment installation projects http://img.civilcn.com/d/file/zhishi/gcgl/2018-07-13/66bf6bf64dd887feee7b75d4af59b1de.jpg http://img.civilcn.com/d/file/zhishi/gcgl/2018-07-13/a93f643ab5ef35604dd3e8c75fbd15ec.jpg http://img.civilcn.com/d/file/zhishi/gcgl/2018-07-13/8ee98c37769be6ef2d1ac1d6454511ec.jpg 2. Furnace and kiln construction projects http://img.civilcn.com/d/file/zhishi/gcgl/2018-07-13/73e94339d8b1b4fb21ba1c0b4fdbe2ef.jpg 2. Explanations for Classifying Project Types 1. The grade of each project type is determined based on individual projects; generally, only one grade is assigned to each individual project. When a single construction project includes multiple different categories or grades of work, the determination is based on the standards of the main equipment or the primary components. 2. For specialized projects in civil engineering that have separate standards, the project category can be determined separately. 3. When there are multiple types of construction projects in a residential building complex, the installation works for outdoor facilities are classified as Category II projects. 4. Intelligent buildings use the building as a platform to integrate building equipment automation systems, communication automation systems, and office automation systems with the building’s structure in a cohesive manner, thereby providing people with a safe, efficient, comfortable, and convenient living environment. III. Municipal Engineering 1. Criteria for classifying engineering types: http://img.civilcn.com/d/file/zhishi/gcgl/2018-07-13/2d342c86a6e1448a24635413b66f7db7.jpg http://img.civilcn.com/d/file/zhishi/gcgl/2018-07-13/1f8a9120a881a173f56d217af32f12e5.jpg http://img.civilcn.com/d/file/zhishi/gcgl/2018-07-13/661a4f7cd0727605a2cbb983eaa45f40.jpg 2. Explanations regarding the classification of engineering types: 1. For sidewalks that are constructed separately, the fees are calculated according to Category III of road engineering. 2. In drainage projects that involve pipelines, pipe jacking, drainage ditches, etc., and where multiple pipe diameters are present, those pipes with a diameter of ≥Φ1200mm accounting for more than 50% of the total length of the main pipelines can be classified as Category I projects; Φ600mm