Key points and considerations for preparing a construction quality plan in construction quality management
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Key Points and Precautions for Compiling a Project Quality Planning Document in Construction Quality ManagementI. Main Contents of a Project Quality Planning Document
1. Project overview
2. Characteristics and challenges of the project
3. Basis for compilation
4. Quality objectives and feasibility analysis
5. Quality management system and various basic policies
6. Key control points and measures for major sub-projects
7. List of special construction plans
8. Testing and inspection plans, classification of inspection lots, and acceptance plans
9. Plan for the allocation of measuring instruments
10. Implementation of sample projects and on-site measurements
11. Measures to prevent common quality issues (for projects aiming for compliance or excellence)
12. Quality rewards and penalties (for projects aiming for excellence or **-level excellence)
13. Plan for investment in quality-related costs (for projects aiming for excellence or **-level excellence)
14. Creation of distinctive features (for **-level excellence projects)
15. Collection and organization of project documents
II. Issues to Consider When Compiling a Project Quality Planning Document
1. The planning document is not equivalent to a construction plan, specifications, or quality management system; it should describe the methods, approaches, and measures for quality management, taking into account the project’s characteristics and challenges, as well as relevant standards and requirements, along with practical experience. 2. The planning document should go hand in hand with the construction plan, specifications, and standards; the specific methods of construction shall be carried out in accordance with those latter documents, while the planning document focuses on how to manage the construction process. 3. The proposal should cover all specialties such as civil engineering, steel structure, installation, and decoration, rather than just civil engineering and basic finishing work. 4. A proposal isn’t necessarily better the thicker it is; it should not be vague – the key is to highlight the key points, ensuring it is targeted and practical. http://img.civilcn.com/d/file/zhishi/gcgl/2020-05-26/8877aa51ff317201e0473a0b553900bd.jpg III. Key points for preparing the main contents of the project construction quality plan (1) Project overview: This should be divided into structural, architectural, and installation aspects, with brief descriptions provided for each of the 10 sub-projects. No excessive detail is required, but aspects related to the building’s functions and design methods must not be omitted. This includes details such as seismic resistance, waterproofing, steel structures, decorative elements, and the main materials and methods used in installation. It also covers environmental protection and energy efficiency measures such as rainwater collection systems, geothermal heat pumps, and solar photovoltaic power generation. (II) Project characteristics and challenges 1. Design aspects: concepts, characteristics, and challenges (such as environmental protection and energy efficiency, green building). 2. Construction aspects: complex geological conditions ； Mass concrete ； transition layer ； Special structure ； Complex shapes ； Large-scale or ultra-high formwork ； Large-scale and irregular steel structures ； Large-area flooring ； Integrated pipeline wiring, etc. 3. Management aspect: General contracting management is adopted, with numerous subcontractors and frequent cross-tasking. (III) Bases for preparation: 1. Contracts and design drawings; 2. **Construction and acceptance specifications, the company’s process standards, and local standard requirements; 3. Criteria and relevant requirements for the Luban Award and National Excellence Awards (omit if none apply); 4. The company’s quality management manual and procedure documents, project management manual, as well as relevant regulations from the head office, the bureau, and the company itself. (IV) Quality objectives and feasibility analysis: 1. In accordance with the quality objectives specified in the contract, these objectives need to be broken down, with specific times and responsible persons assigned. 2. For projects competing for **-level awards, it is necessary to designate specific times and responsible persons for submitting applications for excellence in the foundation and main structure, as well as for design excellence, and for applying for scientific and technological awards. 3. For projects that aim for **-level awards, it is necessary to analyze the favorable and unfavorable conditions affecting the achievement of the goals, and develop targeted countermeasures. (5) Quality management system and various basic systems 1. Establish a quality management system and set up an organizational structure; the organizational structure for projects that aim to win **-level awards should include the company and its subsidiaries, as well as the client and the supervisor. 2. Establish various basic systems for quality management, such as quality responsibility systems, quality and technical briefings, inspections, acceptance procedures, education and training, use of models as examples, actual measurement, as well as reward and punishment mechanisms. (VI) Key control points and measures for major sub-projects 1. Each sub-project is introduced one by one, with emphasis placed on the key aspects; the focus is not on detailing the specific construction methods for each sub-project, but rather on outlining the key quality control points and measures. 2. Basic aspects: Inspection of the integrity and strength of piles, and the number of Category 1 piles ； Density test for soil backfilling. 3. Structural aspects: strength and appearance of the concrete structure, dimensions and visual appearance of the special-shaped components ； Verticality of super-tall buildings ； Installation accuracy of steel structures, weld quality ； Time, frequency, conclusions of settlement observations, and layout of observation points. 4. Installation aspect: Layout of equipment pipelines in the equipment room and floor shafts ； Equipment vibration and noise reduction ； Lightning protection grounding ； Integrated layout of pipelines in garages, floor corridors, and rooms ； Support and hanger installation ； Wiring and color separation inside the electrical box ； Treatment and marking of pipe trunking passing through walls, floors, and deformation joints ； Coordination between end devices and decorative finishes. 5. The **level excellence creation project should establish internal control criteria and pass rates for inspection batches. (7) List of special construction plans: 1. Prepare a list of special construction plans (including installation and decoration), specify the completion dates, assign responsible persons, and ensure that the plans cover all procedures to be carried out on site. 2. The plan must identify corresponding construction methods for everything mentioned in the drawings and specifications. (8) Testing and inspection plans, classification of inspection lots, and acceptance plans: 1. Formulate testing, inspection plans to ensure quality control in advance. 2. The inspection and testing plan should determine the specific quantity of samples to be taken based on the construction location and the volume of work. 3. The inspection lot acceptance plan should be formulated in accordance with the construction sequence, such as post-cast strips, deformation joints, construction joints, and various towers, and must be consistent with the construction schedule. 4. Quality inspection personnel, foremen, testers, and document clerks work together to ensure quality control. (IX) Measurement Instrument Allocation Plan 1. Measurement instruments are important tools for ensuring the quality of construction projects; it is necessary to establish an allocation plan for the instruments that will be used in the project, with the possibility of updating this plan as progress is made. 2. The configuration plan covers the tools and equipment used by various specialties such as measurement, testing, quality inspection, materials, and water/electricity systems (such as pressure gauges), including those provided for each specialized subcontractor. 3. Measuring instruments should be under unified management to ensure their effectiveness and reliability. (10) Implementation of model demonstration and actual measurement work: 1. Develop plans for model demonstration and actual measurement, specifying the models to be created for the project (in paper form or as physical models); for complex systems, it may be necessary to select an entire floor as a model floor. 2. Inspect and approve the sample, and post signs indicating the methods and acceptance standards. 3. The data obtained from actual measurements should be summarized and statistically analyzed to identify existing problems, and countermeasures should be developed to make improvements. (11) Measures for preventing and controlling common quality issues: Based on the specifics of the project, potential common quality issues are identified, and targeted preventive and control measures are formulated. (12) Quality rewards and penalties: To achieve excellence goals and motivate relevant personnel to strive for excellence, reward and penalty measures are established, and economic incentives are used to enhance management. (13) Quality cost investment plan: 1. The quality improvement cost investment plan refers to the additional investments in materials, equipment, labor, new technologies, and various measures required to achieve high-quality standards, in addition to regular construction and management activities. 2. The classification of quality cost investment plans should be scientific; it cannot be simply divided into direct costs, indirect costs, and public relations expenses, etc. (14) Creating highlights: The **-level innovation award project should, based on the actual conditions of the project, design highlights in terms of foundation, main structure, decoration, and installation. To highlight the features, photos should be included to show the desired effect. (15) Collection and organization of project documents: 1. Collect and organize project documents in a timely manner, in accordance with the requirements of the local archives, based on the progress of the project. 2. For projects competing for **-level awards, a list of project documents (including project photos such as those of piles and pile testing, foundations, steel component installation, waterproofing, etc., as well as video materials) and a plan for their collection and organization should be prepared, along with designated responsible persons and deadline dates.