Analysis of conventional indicators of crude oil in the laboratory
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What types of laboratory equipment are needed to analyze the conventional parameters of crude oil?
Routine analysis: density, moisture content, boiling range, salt content, viscosity
Crude oil parameters are generally determined through the evaluation process of crude oil. For conventional physical parameters, relatively simple instruments or equipment can be used for measurement, such as the following parameters: 1. Density – hydrometer or specific gravity meter; 2. Viscosity – dynamic viscosity or kinematic viscosity meter; 3. Water content – distillation method, Kjeldahl titration, or Kjeldahl electrochemical method; 4. Salt content – specialized analyzers for crude oil salt content; 5. Vapor pressure – specialized vapor pressure analyzers; 6. Actual boiling point distillation – specialized analysis systems; 7. Composition – specialized composition analyzers; 8. Refractive index – Abbe refractometer; 9. Molecular weight – calculated from other parameters; 10. Crude oil characteristic factors – calculated from other parameters; 11. Sulfur content – sulfur analyzer; 12. Nitrogen content – nitrogen analyzer; 13. Element analyzer – C/H/O analyzer; 14. Metal analysis – IPC or atomic absorption spectroscopy. The evaluation of crude oil is a very complex task, usually carried out by specialized research or analysis institutions, as conventional laboratories can only conduct some simpler tests.