Please explain cathodic protection, anodic protection, and forced current cathodic protection in simple terms, Master. Thank you.

For reference: GBT 21448-2017 Technical Specifications for Cathodic Protection of Buried Steel Pipelines / GBT 21246-2020 Methods for Measuring Cathodic Protection Parameters of Buried Steel Pipelines

Cathodic protection, anodic protection, and forced current cathodic protection are all measures taken to address the problem of metal corrosion. Cathodic protection refers to the process of slowing down or preventing metal corrosion by connecting the cathodic area of a metal material to another material that is more prone to corrosion, thereby making the metal surface act as the cathode for other substances. Common cathodic protection methods include the use of protective coatings and cathodic protection current. Anodic protection slows down or prevents metal corrosion by applying an electric current to a metal structure, thereby electrochemically converting the anodic area of the structure into a cathodic area. Anodic protection methods include using an external power source to supply current (DC cathodic protection) or utilizing natural potential differences (natural anodic protection). Forced current cathodic protection is a method of cathodic protection that involves applying a current of certain magnitude and direction to a metal structure, thereby creating a protective current field around it and protecting the cathodic area of the metal structure. This method can use an external power source to supply current, or it can employ an anode material. In general, cathodic protection prevents metal corrosion by turning the metal surface into a cathode or by using an external electric current. Anodic protection achieves the effect of slowing down or preventing corrosion by converting the anodic area of a metal structure into a cathode. Forced current cathodic protection is a method of protecting metal structures by applying a current of certain magnitude and direction to create a protective current field. .