Fire safety regulations

Thread Content

I. Fire Safety Responsibility System 1. The organization shall implement a hierarchical fire safety responsibility system as well as a post-based fire safety responsibility system, establish and improve fire safety management organizations, form a unit fire safety leadership team composed of fire safety officers, managers, and department heads, designate fire safety responsible persons at various levels and for each position, and create a hierarchical post-based fire safety responsibility framework. 2. The heads of various internal departments of the unit are the persons responsible for fire safety within their respective departments; they are accountable for organizing and implementing fire safety management tasks in those departments, and they are under the responsibility of the unit’s overall fire safety officer. 3. When a unit adopts contracting, leasing, or entrusted operation and management, the property owner shall provide buildings that meet the requirements of fire safety management, and the parties shall specify the respective fire safety responsibilities in the contract in accordance with relevant regulations ； Fire truck access routes, evacuation facilities related to public fire safety, and other building fire protection facilities shall be under the unified management of the property owner or the entity entrusted with management. 4. For buildings with two or more property owners and users, in addition to fulfilling their own responsibilities regarding fire safety management as required by law, each property owner and user shall define clear responsibilities for the management of fire exits, evacuation facilities related to public fire safety, and other building fire safety facilities; they may also delegate this management to a single entity. 5. The fire safety at construction sites is the responsibility of the construction contractor. In the case of a general construction contract, the general contractor is responsible. The subcontractor is accountable to the general contractor and must comply with the general contractor’s fire safety management measures at the construction site. For projects involving partial renovation, expansion, and decoration of buildings, the project owner shall specify in the contract concluded with the contractor the respective responsibilities of each party regarding fire safety at the construction site. II. Fire Safety Education and Training System 1. Every year, various methods such as establishing fire safety information boards and holding knowledge competitions are used to raise the fire safety awareness of all employees. 2. Regularly organize employees to study fire safety regulations and various rules and procedures, so as to manage fires in accordance with the law. 3. Each department should conduct fire safety education and training tailored to the characteristics of its positions. 4. On-site demonstrations and training should be provided for the personnel responsible for the maintenance and use of fire-fighting equipment. 5. New employees must receive pre-job fire safety training and pass the examination before they can start working. 6. Employees must undergo retraining before changing positions due to job requirements. 7. Special positions such as those in the fire control center require professional training; personnel must pass examinations before they can work with a valid certificate. 8. Fire safety training for employees in public gathering places should be conducted at least once every six months. Key fire safety units shall conduct fire safety training for each employee at least once a year. The content of publicity, education, and training should include: 1. Information on fire protection regulations, fire safety systems, and operating procedures to ensure fire safety ； 2. Fire hazards and fire prevention measures for this unit and position ； 3.  Performance of fire protection facilities and usage methods of fire extinguishing equipment ； 4. Knowledge and skills for reporting fires, extinguishing incipient fires, and self-rescue and evacuation. III. Fire prevention inspection and monitoring system 1. Implement the hierarchical fire safety responsibility system and the post-based fire safety responsibility system, as well as the inspection and monitoring system. 2. The functional department responsible for fire safety conducts daily fire inspections of the company. Conduct a fire safety inspection of the facility once a month, and follow up to monitor improvements. 3. If fire hazards are identified during the inspection, the inspector shall fill out a fire safety inspection record and, in accordance with regulations, require the relevant persons to sign the record. 4. The inspection department shall promptly inform the department under inspection of the inspection results. The heads of each department should report on the daily fire safety inspection status, and any fire hazards identified within their respective units must be rectified promptly. 5. Those who fail to rectify the fire hazards identified during inspections within the specified time will be subject to penalties in accordance with the reward and punishment system. 6. Fire inspections of public gathering places during business hours shall be conducted at least every two hours ； At the end of business, the premises should be inspected to eliminate any remaining sources of fire. Hospitals, nursing homes, boarding schools, daycare centers, and kindergartens should strengthen night-time fire safety inspections. IV. Management System for Safety Evacuation Facilities 1. The organization shall keep evacuation passages and safety exits unobstructed; it is strictly prohibited to block these passages, and it is also forbidden to install barriers such as fences on safety exits or evacuation passages that could hinder evacuation. 2. Fire safety evacuation signs and emergency lighting facilities that comply with **relevant regulations shall be installed in accordance with the standards. 3. Fire doors, fire safety evacuation signs, emergency lighting, mechanical smoke exhaust and supply systems, as well as fire accident announcement systems must be kept in good working condition, and regular inspections, tests, maintenance, and servicing should be carried out. 4. It is strictly prohibited to lock safety exits during business or working hours. 5. It is strictly prohibited to turn off, cover, or obscure safety evacuation signs during business or working hours. V. Fire Control Center Management System 1. Be familiar with and proficient in the operating capabilities of various fire-fighting facilities to ensure orderly, accurate, and rapid operations during fire fighting. 2. Keep proper records of fire duty and shift handovers, and handle fire alarm calls. 3. Conduct shift handovers on time, and complete the handover procedures for duty records, equipment status, accident handling, and other related matters. Without proper handover procedures, duty personnel must not leave their posts without authorization. 4. When a device malfunction is detected, it should be reported promptly, and the relevant departments should be informed to carry out repairs as soon as possible. 5. Internal phones in the fire control center shall not be used unless it is necessary for work, and personnel who are not on duty at the fire control center are prohibited from entering the control room. 6. Smoking, sleeping, reading newspapers or books is not allowed in the control center during working hours; proper handover procedures must be followed when leaving the post. 7. Upon discovering a fire, promptly take action in accordance with the fire fighting plan, call 119 to inform the fire department, and report to the department supervisor. VI. Management System for the Maintenance of Fire Protection Facilities and Equipment 1. The daily operation of fire protection facilities is the responsibility of a dedicated administrator, who checks the condition of these facilities on a daily basis to ensure that they remain clean, tidy, and in good working order. 2. The maintenance of the technical performance of fire protection facilities and equipment, as well as their regular technical inspections, are the responsibility of the department in charge of fire protection affairs; dedicated administrators are assigned to check the operation status of these fire protection devices on a daily basis. Check the operation records, listen to the opinions of the duty personnel, and arrange repairs promptly in case of any abnormalities, so as to keep the equipment in excellent technical condition. 3. Regular testing of fire protection facilities and equipment: (1) The testing of smoke and temperature detection alarm systems is carried out by the department responsible for fire protection matters, with the participation of the security department; each smoke and temperature detector should be tested at least once a year. (2) The fire pump, sprinkler pump, and water curtain pump should be started once a month to check whether they are in good condition and functional. (3) The positive pressure air supply and smoke prevention and exhaust systems shall be inspected every six months. (4) Tests of indoor fire hydrants and sprinkler systems are conducted once per quarter. (5) For the testing of other fire-fighting equipment, the testing time is determined depending on the specific circumstances. 4. Fire-fighting equipment management: (1) Conduct regular inspections and refilling of fire extinguishers twice a year during the winter and summer prevention periods. (2) Assign a dedicated person to manage them, and conduct regular inspections of fire-fighting equipment to ensure it remains in good condition. (3) Fire-fighting equipment should be inspected regularly; any loss or damage should be promptly replaced and reported to the management. (4) The fire-fighting equipment in each department is managed by that department itself, with a designated person responsible for it. VII. System for Rectifying Fire Hazards 1. All departments shall promptly eliminate any existing fire hazards. 2. During fire safety inspections, any identified fire hazards must be recorded one by one, and written notices detailing these hazards should be sent to various departments with a deadline for rectification; at the same time, records of the progress made in addressing these hazards must be kept. 3. Until the fire hazards are eliminated, various departments shall implement preventive measures to ensure fire safety during the period of rectification. For major fire hazards that cannot be resolved, solutions shall be proposed, reported promptly to the person in charge of fire safety within the organization, and also reported to the higher-level authorities in charge of the organization or the local government. 4. For fire hazards for which the public security fire department orders rectification within a specified time frame, such hazards must be corrected within that time limit, and a reply regarding the rectification of those hazards must be submitted to the public security fire department. VIII. Safety Management Systems for the Use of Fire and Electricity 1. Electricity use safety management: (1) It is strictly prohibited to install wires arbitrarily, and overloading the electrical system is also strictly forbidden. (2) The installation of electrical circuits and equipment shall be carried out by certified electricians. (3) After all departments have finished working, the power supplies that need to be turned off should be switched off. (4) The use of high-power electrical appliances such as electric heating rods and electric stoves is prohibited. 2. Fire safety management: (1) Strictly enforce the firework operation approval system; when firework operations are indeed necessary, the responsible unit must apply for a \"Firework Operation Permit\" from the department in charge of fire safety regulations. (2) Before carrying out hot work, flammable and explosive hazardous materials within a 5-meter radius of the work area should be removed or appropriate safety measures taken to isolate them. Appropriate types and quantities of fire extinguishing equipment should be borrowed from the security department for use as needed; such equipment must be returned promptly after the work is completed, and any use of it must be reported accurately. (3) If welding work is to be carried out on-site at the work location, an application must be submitted in accordance with regulations to the supervisor at or above the manager level at the unit where the work is being carried out. The applying department must assign personnel to supervise the work on site and conduct regular inspections. For welding or other hot work carried out at a height of more than 2 meters above the ground, it is necessary to ensure that there is someone below dedicated to extinguishing any sparks that could ignite other materials at any time. (4) Those who carry out hot work without obtaining a “Hot Work Permit” will be given two demerit points by the company’s staff; in serious cases, they will be dismissed. IX. Fire and explosion prevention systems for flammable and explosive hazardous materials and facilities 1. Flammable and explosive hazardous materials should be stored in dedicated warehouses equipped with necessary fire-fighting equipment; the personnel in charge of these warehouses must be those who have completed fire safety training. 2. Flammable and explosive hazardous materials should be stored in categories and separately. Flammable and explosive chemicals with conflicting chemical properties or different fire extinguishing methods should be stored separately. 3. Flammable and explosive hazardous materials must be inspected by the inspection department before being stored, and records must be kept for their entry and exit. 4. Inventory items should be stored in categories and in stacks; the area occupied by each stack should not exceed 100 square meters. The distance between stacks should be at least 1 meter, the distance between stacks and walls should be at least 0.5 meters, and the distance between stacks and beams or columns should also be at least 0.5 meters. The width of main passageways should be at least 2 meters. 5. The handling of flammable and explosive hazardous materials must be carried out in accordance with safety procedures; warehouse staff must remain at their posts, and unauthorized persons are not allowed to enter. 6. In areas prone to fire and explosion, fire and explosion prevention measures must be taken in accordance with fire safety regulations, and the relevant preventive facilities must be properly maintained. X. Organizational Management System for Volunteer Fire Teams 1. Volunteer firefighters shall carry out professional training and fire-fighting skill drills under the leadership of the department in charge of fire protection work, and must meet the specified standards in all technical assessments. 2. In conjunction with the maintenance and inspection of fire-fighting facilities, equipment, and apparatus, each volunteer firefighter should be trained on a rotational basis in a planned manner, so that everyone possesses practical operational skills. 3. Conduct drills once every six months in accordance with the fire fighting and emergency evacuation plan, and continuously improve the plan based on actual conditions. 4. A fire prevention and extinguishing knowledge assessment is conducted once a year, and those who perform well in the assessment are recognized. 5. Continuously summarize experience to improve the ability to prevent fires, extinguish them, and save oneself. XI. System for Drilling Fire Extinguishing and Emergency Evacuation Plans 1. Formulate fire extinguishing and emergency evacuation plans that suit the actual conditions of the organization. 2. Organize all employees to study and become familiar with the fire extinguishing and emergency evacuation plans. 3. Before conducting each drill based on the emergency plan, a thorough meeting should be held to make arrangements and clarify responsibilities. 4. Exercises should be conducted at least once every six months in accordance with the established plan. 5. After the drill, a review meeting should be held to carefully summarize the progress of the plan drill; any shortcomings identified should be addressed by amending and improving the plan accordingly. XII. Inspection and Management System for Gas and Electrical Equipment 1. Electrical equipment shall be installed and used in accordance with regulations; relevant personnel must receive necessary training and obtain valid certificates issued by the competent authorities before they can operate such equipment. All types of equipment must possess valid certification as required by laws and regulations, and must be approved by the maintenance department before they can be put into use. Electrical equipment should be inspected regularly by certified personnel (at least once a month). 2. Lightning and static electricity protection facilities shall be regularly inspected and tested: at least once per quarter, and at least once per year, with the results recorded. 3. The load on electrical equipment must be managed in strict accordance with standards; connections must be secure, insulation must be of good quality, fuses must be suitable and functioning properly, and there must be adequate grounding. The grounding resistance should be measured in line with the requirements for electrical installation. 4. All types of circuits should be insulated using sleeves; in special cases, lead or rubber cables with good insulation properties should also be used. All types of electrical equipment and wiring should be regularly inspected to promptly eliminate potential fire safety hazards resulting from insulation damage. 5. It is strictly prohibited to extend wires without approval. All departments should actively cooperate with the safety team and maintenance staff to check whether the extended wires are intended for use only in emergency situations, whether the enclosures are in good condition, and whether they have been inspected by maintenance staff before being put into use. 6. Yellow zones shall be designated near electrical equipment and switchbox circuits in accordance with the unit’s standards; the storage of flammable and explosive materials is strictly prohibited, and regular inspections should be carried out to eliminate potential hazards. 7. The power supply should be turned off after the equipment is no longer in use. For equipment that has not been tested with power applied, the power supply should be turned off when installation or maintenance personnel leave the site. 8. Except in departments that have taken preventive measures, the use of open flames is strictly prohibited in the workplace. 9. Departments that use open flames must strictly abide by all safety regulations and operating procedures, ensuring that the flame is always under supervision and is extinguished whenever no one is present. 10. Smoking is strictly prohibited on the premises, and no-smoking signs are posted. Every employee has the obligation to remind others to abide by the regulations regarding no smoking in public areas. XIII. Evaluation, Incentives, and Punishments for Fire Safety Work 1. Those who make contributions to fire safety work shall be commended or given material rewards. 2. Those responsible for causing fire safety incidents will be dealt with in a manner determined by the severity of the consequences incurred. In addition to those who have committed offenses sufficient to warrant punishment under the **Regulations on Public Security Administration Penalties** or who are subject to criminal prosecution and will therefore be handed over to the relevant authorities according to the law, the following actions will be punished in accordance with the regulations of the respective organization: (1) In cases where one of the following situations occurs, depending on the extent of the damage and the level of awareness shown, the offender will be ordered to compensate for all or part of the losses, in addition to receiving an oral warning: a) Fires or explosions resulting from the use of flammable and hazardous materials without strict adherence to operating procedures or due to improper storage, where the damage is not severe ；        b. Smoking in a no-smoking area or improper disposal of cigarette butts, resulting in a fire or blaze with minor losses ；        c. Failure to remove flammable items from the area in a timely manner, thereby creating a fire hazard ；        d. Using extended wires without approval, operating electrical equipment without safety fuses, or adding small-load electrical appliances without permission ；        e. Filing a false fire alarm ；        f. Playing with fire-fighting facilities and equipment without approval, without causing any adverse consequences ；        g. Department managers who fail to provide an explanation for the failure to promptly address the fire safety hazards identified by the safety team ；        h. Blocking fire exits, covering safety signs, etc., without causing serious consequences. (2) In any of the following circumstances, depending on the severity of the situation and the attitude towards it, in addition to ordering compensation for all or part of the losses, a public reprimand shall be issued: a) Using flammable or explosive materials without authorization ；        b. Unauthorized relocation of fire protection facilities and equipment or diversion of their intended use ；        c. Violating safety management and operating procedures, leaving one’s post without permission, resulting in a fire with minor losses ；        d. Managers who force other employees to violate regulations ；        e. A fire is detected, but it is not dealt with promptly in accordance with the emergency procedures ；        f. Managers who fail to cooperate with inspections by the safety team or refuse to make necessary corrections. (3) Those who conceal the facts of any accident, fail to take action or pursue accountability, or provide false information shall be dismissed. (4) For those who cause an accident due to violations of fire safety regulations (with minor losses), but who voluntarily confess and actively assist the relevant authorities in handling the accident and minimizing the losses, penalties may be reduced or waived depending on the circumstances. Preface: Fire safety is an essential component of daily safety management and a highly important aspect as well. However, the fire safety systems in most enterprises are not very well-established. Here are thirteen fire safety regulations compiled for your reference; there are also many shortcomings, which are provided solely for informational purposes. As the text is quite long, you may want to save it for later use. First, understand the specific requirements for formulating fire safety regulations. In accordance with the Fire Protection Law and Order No. 61 issued by the Ministry of Public Security, the fire safety system of an organization mainly includes the following components: 1. Fire safety responsibility system. The fire safety responsibility system is the most fundamental component of an organization’s fire safety management system. It defines who the fire safety responsible persons, fire safety managers, and all personnel are, as well as their respective fire safety duties. It also specifies the hierarchical and job-specific fire safety responsibilities, identifies the fire safety responsible persons at each level and for each position, and requires the signing of responsibility agreements at all levels to ensure that fire safety responsibilities are effectively implemented. This is the core element of the fire safety responsibility system. The main contents of the fire safety responsibility system include: 1. Specifying the fire safety responsibilities of the leadership body of the fire safety committee (or fire safety leadership group) and its responsible persons; 2. Specifying the fire safety responsibilities of the department in charge of fire safety management and the fire safety managers; 3. Specifying the responsibilities of those responsible for fire safety as well as the safety officers in various departments and positions within the organization; 4. Specifying the responsibilities of the leaders and members of the organization’s volunteer fire brigade and professional fire brigade; 5. Specifying the fire safety responsibilities of all employees in their respective jobs. II. The fire safety education and training system mainly includes key elements such as identifying the departments and individuals responsible for fire safety education and training, the targets of such education (including workers in special occupations and new employees), the forms and content of the training, the requirements for training, the procedures for organizing training, determining the frequency of fire safety education, assessment methods, and record-keeping. III. The fire prevention inspection and patrol system mainly includes: identifying the departments and individuals responsible for fire prevention inspections and patrols, as well as the timing, frequency, and methods of such inspections; determining the contents of fire prevention inspections and patrols; specifying the locations, aspects, and methods of inspection; procedures for addressing fire hazards and reporting them, as well as preventive measures; and management of records related to fire prevention inspections. IV. The management system for fire safety evacuation facilities mainly includes key aspects such as identifying the departments and individuals responsible for the management of these facilities as well as the methods for daily management; procedures for addressing potential hazards and corresponding disciplinary measures; requirements for the inspection and maintenance of evacuation areas and facilities; and record-keeping. V. Maintenance Management System for Fire Protection Facilities and Equipment The maintenance management system for fire protection facilities and equipment mainly includes: determining the departments, responsible persons, and management methods for the maintenance of such facilities and equipment; establishing requirements for their maintenance, repair, and inspection; defining the contents and methods for daily inspections, monthly (quarterly) tests, and annual inspections; managing inspection records; and keeping records of regular maintenance reports for building fire protection facilities. VI. The fire protection (control room) duty system mainly includes – determining the responsible department for the fire control room, the responsible persons, as well as the duties of the operators; enforcing requirements regarding the qualifications of the officers on duty, the operating procedures for fire control equipment, the duty system, procedures for dealing with emergencies, reporting procedures, and work handover procedures. VII. System for Rectifying Fire Hazards The system for rectifying fire hazards mainly includes key elements such as identifying the departments and individuals responsible for addressing fire hazards, determining what constitutes a fire hazard, safety measures to be taken during the rectification process, the deadlines and procedures for completing the rectification, the standards for considering the rectification complete, and the financial resources required to carry out these actions. VIII. Safety Management System for the Use of Fire and Electricity The safety management system for the use of fire and electricity includes key elements such as identifying the departments and individuals responsible for ensuring safe electricity use, establishing regular inspection procedures, specifying the scope, processes, and requirements for using fire and electricity, defining the qualifications and responsibilities of operators, as well as outlining penalties for violations. IX. The system for conducting drills on fire extinguishing and emergency evacuation plans mainly includes – identifying the departments and individuals responsible for developing and carrying out these plans, specifying the procedures for formulating, modifying, and approving them, defining the scope of the drills, the frequency of conduct, the procedures to be followed, relevant precautions, ways to record the results of the drills, conducting summaries and self-evaluations after the drills, and procedures for revising the plans. X. The management systems for fire and explosion prevention in areas dealing with flammable and explosive hazardous materials mainly include: identifying the departments and individuals responsible for such prevention measures, specifying the methods of storing these hazardous materials, the quantities that can be stored, fire prevention measures and firefighting techniques, as well as procedures for registering the entry of these materials, approving their use and exit from storage, and implementing safety measures in special environments. XI. The organizational management system for full-time (volunteer) fire brigades mainly includes key aspects such as determining the composition of the members of such brigades, specifying the procedures for adjusting and replenishing their ranks, defining the content, frequency, methods, and requirements for training, establishing methods for conducting drills and assessments, and specifying reward and punishment measures. XII. The system for the inspection and management of gas and electrical equipment (including lightning protection and static electricity prevention) mainly includes: identifying the departments and persons responsible for the inspection and management of such equipment, specifying the criteria and frequency for evaluating fire safety performance as well as the associated rewards and penalties, determining the contents, methods, and frequency of inspections for electrical equipment and gas management, recording any potential hazards identified during inspections, and implementing corrective measures. 13. The evaluation and reward/punishment system for fire safety work mainly includes – identifying the departments and individuals responsible for carrying out the evaluation and applying rewards or punishments, determining the evaluation objectives, frequency, and content (such as compliance with rules and procedures and fulfillment of job responsibilities), the evaluation methods, as well as the specific actions related to rewards and punishments.